Title 12, Banks and BankingRelease 119-110

§1831o–1 Source of Strength

Title 12 › CHAPTER 16 — FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION › § 1831o–1

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

Bank holding companies must act as a source of financial strength for any bank or savings institution they own. If a bank is not owned by a holding company, then whatever company controls the bank must act as that source of strength. "Source of financial strength" means the ability of the owner or controller to provide money or other help if the bank gets into financial trouble. The federal agency that oversees the bank can make the owner or controller give sworn reports to check and enforce this duty. The same rules in section 1844(g) apply when the owner or controller is an insurance company, and making an insurance company serve as a source of strength is treated as an action under section 1844(g). The agencies must issue final joint rules to carry out these requirements not later than 1 year after the "transfer date" (see section 5411).

Full Legal Text

Title 12, §1831o–1

Banks and Banking, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Holding companies
The appropriate Federal banking agency for a bank holding company or savings and loan holding company shall require the bank holding company or savings and loan holding company to serve as a source of financial strength for any subsidiary of the bank holding company or savings and loan holding company that is a depository institution.
(b)Other companies
If an insured depository institution is not the subsidiary of a bank holding company or savings and loan holding company, the appropriate Federal banking agency for the insured depository institution shall require any company that directly or indirectly controls the insured depository institution to serve as a source of financial strength for such institution.
(c)Authority of State insurance regulator (d) Reports
(1)In general
The provisions of section 1844(g) of this title shall apply to a savings and loan holding company that is an insurance company, an affiliate of an insured depository institution that is an insurance company, and to any other company that is an insurance company and that directly or indirectly controls an insured depository institution, to the same extent as the provisions of that section apply to a bank holding company that is an insurance company.
(2)Rule of construction
Requiring a bank holding company that is an insurance company, a savings and loan holding company that is an insurance company, an affiliate of an insured depository institution that is an insurance company, or any other company that is an insurance company and that directly or indirectly controls an insured depository institution to serve as a source of financial strength under this section shall be deemed an action of the Board that requires a bank holding company to provide funds or other assets to a subsidiary depository institution for purposes of section 1844(g) of this title.
(e)Rules
Not later than 1 year after the transfer date, as defined in section 5411 of this title, the appropriate Federal banking agencies shall jointly issue final rules to carry out this section.
(f)Definition
In this section, the term “source of financial strength” means the ability of a company that directly or indirectly owns or controls an insured depository institution to provide financial assistance to such insured depository institution in the event of the financial distress of the insured depository institution.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2015—Subsecs. (c) to (f). Pub. L. 114–113 added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsecs. (c) to (e) as (d) to (f), respectively.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on the transfer date, see section 616(e) of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as an

Effective Date

of 2010 Amendment note under section 1467a of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

12 U.S.C. § 1831o–1

Title 12, Banks and Banking

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110