Title 12, Banks and BankingRelease 119-102

§2148 Transactions to Accomplish Merger

Title 12 › CHAPTER 23 — FARM CREDIT SYSTEM › SUBCHAPTER III — BANKS FOR COOPERATIVES › Part B — National Banks for Cooperatives › § 2148

Last updated Aug 21, 2026|Official source

Summary

When banks for cooperatives merge, the consolidated bank getting assets, taking on debts, swapping shares, or doing other steps to finish the merger will not be treated as creating a tax liability under federal or state law. If a cooperative receives assets and liabilities and immediately reinvests the net distribution in stock of the consolidated bank, that reinvestment also won’t be taxed, but the tax value (basis) of the new stock must be lowered by the amount of gain that wasn’t taxed.

Full Legal Text

Title 12, §2148

Banks and Banking, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

The receipt of assets or assumption of liabilities by the consolidated bank, the exchange of stock, equities, or other ownership interests, and any other transaction carried out in accomplishing the merger of the banks for cooperatives shall not be treated as a taxable event under the laws of the United States or of any State or political subdivision thereof. The preceding sentence shall also apply to the receipt of assets and liabilities by a cooperative to the extent that the net amount of the distribution is immediately reinvested in stock of a consolidated bank (and in such case the basis of such stock shall be appropriately reduced by the amount of gain not recognized by reason of this sentence).

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1988—Pub. L. 100–399 substituted “cooperative” for “taxable institution”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 1988 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–399 effective as if enacted immediately after enactment of Pub. L. 100–233, which was approved Jan. 6, 1988, see section 1001(a) of Pub. L. 100–399, set out as a note under section 2002 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

12 U.S.C. § 2148

Title 12, Banks and Banking

Last Updated

Aug 21, 2026

Release point: 119-102