Title 12, Banks and BankingRelease 119-110

§4122 Preemption of State and Local Laws

Title 12 › CHAPTER 42 — LOW-INCOME HOUSING PRESERVATION AND RESIDENT HOMEOWNERSHIP › SUBCHAPTER I — PREPAYMENT OF MORTGAGES INSURED UNDER NATIONAL HOUSING ACT › § 4122

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

States and local governments cannot make or enforce laws that stop owners of eligible low-income housing from prepaying the mortgage or ending certain federal insurance, that keep owners from getting the allowed annual return, or that block the incentives the federal rules allow (for example, raising rents, selling the building, getting secondary loans, or using money from those actions). They also cannot make rules that only apply to buildings after the owner has prepaid the mortgage or ended the insurance. Any state law that conflicts with these rules is not effective to that extent. Laws that do not conflict are still allowed. That includes general building and zoning rules, health, safety, and habitability standards, rent control, or rules about converting rentals to condos or co-ops, so long as they apply to both federally assisted and non-assisted housing. Private contracts made before November 28, 1990 that limit prepayment or ending insurance remain valid.

Full Legal Text

Title 12, §4122

Banks and Banking, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)In general
No State or political subdivision of a State may establish, continue in effect, or enforce any law or regulation that—
(1)restricts or inhibits the prepayment of any mortgage described in section 4119(1) of this title (or the voluntary termination of any insurance contract pursuant to section 1715t of this title) on eligible low income housing;
(2)restricts or inhibits an owner of such housing from receiving the authorized annual return provided under section 4104 of this title;
(3)is inconsistent with any provision of this subchapter, including any law, regulation, or other restriction that limits or impairs the ability of any owner of eligible low income housing to receive incentives authorized under this subchapter (including authorization to increase rental rates, transfer the housing, obtain secondary financing, or use the proceeds of any of such incentives); or
(4)in its applicability to low-income housing is limited only to eligible low-income housing for which the owner has prepaid the mortgage or terminated the insurance contract.
Any law, regulation, or restriction described under paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (4) shall be ineffective and any eligible low-income housing exempt from the law, regulation, or restriction, only to the extent that it violates the provisions of this subsection.
(b)Effect
This section shall not prevent the establishment, continuing in effect, or enforcement of any law or regulation of any State or political subdivision of a State not inconsistent with the provisions of this subchapter, such as any law or regulation relating to building standards, zoning limitations, health, safety, or habitability standards for housing, rent control, or conversion of rental housing to condominium or cooperative ownership, to the extent such law or regulation is of general applicability to both housing receiving Federal assistance and nonassisted housing. This section shall not preempt, annul, or alter any contractual restrictions or obligations existing before November 28, 1990, that prevent or limit an owner of eligible low-income housing from prepaying the mortgage on the housing (or terminating the insurance contract on the housing).

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1992—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–550 substituted “, such as any law or regulation” for “and” after “subchapter”.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

12 U.S.C. § 4122

Title 12, Banks and Banking

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110