Title 16 › Chapter 38— FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT › Subchapter III— FOREIGN FISHING AND INTERNATIONAL FISHERY AGREEMENTS › § 1826j
The Secretary must use data from international fishery groups and other countries to identify and list any nation whose fishing boats have done illegal, unreported, or unregulated (IUU) fishing at any time in the last 3 years. A nation can be listed if its boats undercut rules set by an international fishery group (or the group failed to stop the activity or the nation is not part of it), or if no international group exists for that fishery. The Secretary must also consider nations that break international fishing rules the United States follows, fail to control their own fleets, fail to act as a flag, port, or coastal state to stop IUU fishing, or are listed as producing seafood with forced or child labor. The rules can apply to other entities that can join international fishery agreements. The Secretary can list a nation whenever there is enough information, and must tell the President and the nation. Within 60 days after sending the report to Congress, the Secretary, through the Secretary of State, must tell listed nations what is required, start talks to encourage fixes, and inform any relevant international fishery group. The Secretary must create a public procedure (with notice and comment) to decide if a listed nation fixed the problems, and must report to Congress within 90 days after that procedure is finalized and every two years whether a nation showed proof of corrective action or the international group adopted effective measures. The Secretary may allow imports case-by-case from a listed nation if a specific vessel did not take part in IUU fishing or is not identified by an international fishery group. If a nation fails to fix the problems after being notified, further U.S. measures can apply; if the nation fixes them, those measures do not apply. The Secretary had to publish a definition of IUU within 3 months after January 12, 2007, and that definition must cover fishing that breaks conservation measures the U.S. follows (like catch limits, capacity limits, bycatch rules, and shark protections), overfishing of shared stocks where no international rules exist, and fishing that harms seamounts, hydrothermal vents, and cold water corals beyond national waters. Money was authorized as needed for fiscal years 2007 through 2013 to carry out these duties.
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Conservation — Source: USLM XML via OLRC
Legislative History
Reference
Citation
16 U.S.C. § 1826j
Title 16 — Conservation
Last Updated
Apr 5, 2026
Release point: 119-73not60