Title 16, ConservationRelease 119-110

§4010 Functions and Powers of Councils

Title 16 › CHAPTER 60 — FISH AND SEAFOOD PROMOTION › § 4010

Last updated Sep 23, 2026|Official source

Summary

Councils must create an official seal and carry out their charter. They must write a marketing and promotion plan and send it to the Secretary for approval. After approval, they must run the plan. Councils set and collect assessments (fees) to pay their costs. Money can be used for research, consumer education, marketing, running the council, paying for referendums, and a reserve fund. Councils must prepare a yearly budget that shows admin, marketing, collection, and referendum costs. They must keep books, give reports, have a full audit each fiscal year, investigate reported rule violations and tell the Secretary, and repay the Secretary for referendum expenses if a termination vote fails. Marketing may not promote private brands or use deceptive practices. Councils may sue or be sued, make contracts, hire an executive director and staff, and work with other councils or a national council. They may build a reserve fund, but it cannot be larger than the amount budgeted for the current fiscal year. Councils can develop quality standards for fish products or ask the Secretary to do so. To adopt a standard, the council needs a majority and a referendum where the voting participants who vote for it must together represent at least 66 percent of the value of the product handled by that sector in the 12 months before the vote. Approved standards use an official symbol, stamp, label, or seal; the Secretary will make rules for its use, publish proposed rules widely, and allow public comment and hearings before final rules. Misuse of the official identification is a violation, and the Secretary will cancel related rules if the council is ended. Charter changes must be approved the same way the original charter was approved, except for one legal exception.

Full Legal Text

Title 16, §4010

Conservation, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Activities of a council

(1)Each council shall—

(A)Adopt a seal which shall be judicially noticed;

(B)implement all terms of its charter;

(C)prepare and submit to the Secretary, for review and approval under section 4011(a)(1) of this title, a marketing and promotion plan and amendments to such plan which contain descriptions of the projected consumer education, research, and other marketing and promotion activities of the council;

(D)implement and administer an approved marketing and promotion plan and amendments to such plan;

(E)determine the assessments to be made under section 4012 of this title and administer the collection of such assessments to finance council expenses described in paragraph (2) of this subsection;

(F)receive, investigate and report to the Secretary accounts of violations of rules or orders relating to assessments collected under section 4012 of this title, or quality standard requirements established under subsection (c) of this section;

(G)prepare and submit to the Secretary, for review and approval under section 4011(a)(1) of this title, a budget (on a fiscal year basis) of the anticipated expenses and disbursements of the council, including—

(i)all administrative and contractual expenses;

(ii)the probable costs of consumer education, research, and other marketing and promotion plans or projects;

(iii)the costs of the collection of assessments; and

(iv)the expense of repayment of the costs of each referendum conducted in regard to the council;

(H)maintain books and records, prepare and submit to the Secretary such reports from time to time as may be necessary for appropriate accounting with respect to the receipt and disbursement of funds entrusted to it, and cause a complete audit report to be submitted to the Secretary at the end of each fiscal year;

(I)reimburse the Secretary for the expenses incurred for the conduct of the referendum to establish the council or any subsequent referendum to terminate the council that fails; and

(J)prepare and submit to the Secretary from time to time such reports or proposals as the council determines appropriate to further the purposes of this chapter.

(2)Funds collected by a council under section 4012 of this title shall be used by the council for—

(A)research, consumer education, and other marketing and promotion activities regarding the quality and marketing of fish and fish products;

(B)other expenses, as described in subsection (a)(1)(G) of this section;

(C)such other expenses for the administration, maintenance, and functioning of the council as may be authorized by the Secretary;

(D)any reserve fund established under subsection (b)(5) of this section and any administrative expenses incurred by the Secretary specified as reimbursable under this chapter.

(3)Marketing and promotion plans and amendments to such plans prepared by a council under subsection (a)(1)(C) of this section shall be designed to increase the general demand for fish and fish products described in accordance with section 4009(b)(3) of this title by encouraging, expanding, and improving the marketing, promotion and utilization of such fish and fish products, in domestic or foreign markets, or both, through consumer education, research, and other marketing and promotion activities.

(4)Consumer education and other marketing and promotion activities carried out by a council under a marketing and promotion plan and amendments to such plan may not contain references to any private brand or trade name and shall avoid the use of deceptive acts or practices in promoting fish or fish products or with respect to the quality, value, or use of any competing product or group of products.

(b)Authority of a council

A council may—

(1)sue and be sued;

(2)enter into contracts;

(3)employ and determine the salary of an executive director who may, with the approval of the council, employ and determine the salary of such additional staff as may be necessary;

(4)collaborate with other councils and with the National Council in establishing and implementing a national marketing and promotion plan for one or more species of fish or fish products; and

(5)establish a reserve fund from monies collected and received under section 4012 of this title to permit an effective and sustained program of research, consumer education, and other marketing and promotion activities regarding the quality and marketing of fish and fish products in years when production and assessment income may be reduced, but the total reserve fund may not exceed the amount budgeted for the current fiscal year of operation.

(c)Quality standards

(1)A council may develop and submit to the Secretary for approval, or upon the request of a council the Secretary shall develop, quality standards for a fish or fish product described in accordance with section 4009(b)(3) of this title. Any quality standard developed under this paragraph shall be consistent with the purposes of this chapter.

(2)A quality standard developed under paragraph (1) of this subsection may be adopted by a council by a majority of the members of the council if first approved, in a referendum conducted by the council, by a majority of the sector participants of the sector concerned voting and the majority collectively accounted for, in the twelve-month period immediately preceding the month in which the referendum is held, not less than sixty-six percent of the value of the fish or fish products described in accordance with section 4009(b)(3) of this title that were handled by that sector during such period.

(3)With respect to a quality standard adopted under paragraph (2) of this subsection, the council shall develop and file with the Secretary an official identification in the form of a symbol, stamp, label, or seal that will be used to indicate that a fish or fish product meets the quality standard at the time the official identification is affixed to the fish or fish product, or is affixed to or printed on the packaging material of the fish or fish product.

(4)The Secretary shall establish by regulation procedures for the use of an official identification filed with the Secretary under paragraph (3) of this subsection. Misuse of an official identification established under this section shall constitute a violation of this chapter.

(5)Prior to issuing final regulations under paragraph (4) of this subsection, the Secretary shall—

(A)publish the proposed regulations by such means as will result in wide publicity in affected regions; and

(B)provide for public comment and the opportunity for a public hearing.

(6)A council may receive, investigate and report to the Secretary accounts of violations of regulations issued under paragraph (4) of this subsection.

(7)Any regulation issued under paragraph (4) of this subsection shall be repealed immediately by the Secretary upon the termination under section 4015 of this title of the council that developed the official identification to which the regulations apply.

(8)The procedures applicable to the adoption and the taking effect of a quality standard developed under this subsection also apply to a subsequent amendment or the termination of such standard.

(d)Amendment of a charter

A council may submit to the Secretary amendments to the text of the council’s charter. Any proposed amendments to a charter shall be approved or disapproved in the same manner as the original charter was approved under section 4009(d) and (e) of this title, with the exception of section 4009(d)(1)(B) of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

16 U.S.C. § 4010

Title 16, Conservation

Last Updated

Sep 23, 2026

Release point: 119-110