PRIA, Government Policy, Made Personal

Summary

Provides money and support to protect marine turtles, freshwater turtles, tortoises, and their habitats in foreign countries and U.S. territories. Populations have fallen so much that the long-term survival of the loggerhead, green, hawksbill, Kemp’s ridley, olive ridley, and leatherback turtles is in serious danger. Six of the seven recognized marine turtle species are listed as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act, and all seven are in Appendix I of CITES. Turtles are long-lived, late to mature, and travel far, so they are easy to harm. Illegal international trade, loss of nesting habitats, and too few resources make recovery hard. Nest and nesting-female counts best show population changes. Fixing the problems needs countries with nesting beaches and turtle experts to work together. The law’s purpose is to fund and support projects that conserve habitats under U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service programs, protect turtles in those places, and fight threats like habitat loss, poaching of turtles or eggs, and wildlife trafficking.

Title 16, §6601

Conservation, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Findings

The Congress finds that—

(1)marine turtle populations have declined to the point that the long-term survival of the loggerhead, green, hawksbill, Kemp’s ridley, olive ridley, and leatherback turtle in the wild is in serious jeopardy;

(2)6 of the 7 recognized species of marine turtles are listed as threatened or endangered species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), and all 7 species have been included in Appendix I of CITES;

(3)because marine turtles are long-lived, late-maturing, and highly migratory, marine turtles are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of human exploitation and habitat loss;

(4)illegal international trade seriously threatens wild populations of some marine turtle species, particularly the hawksbill turtle;

(5)the challenges facing marine turtles are immense, and the resources available have not been sufficient to cope with the continued loss of nesting habitats caused by human activities and the consequent diminution of marine turtle populations;

(6)because marine turtles are flagship species for the ecosystems in which marine turtles are found, sustaining healthy populations of marine turtles provides benefits to many other species of wildlife, including many other threatened or endangered species;

(7)marine turtles are important components of the ecosystems that they inhabit, and studies of wild populations of marine turtles have provided important biological insights;

(8)changes in marine turtle populations are most reliably indicated by changes in the numbers of nests and nesting females; and

(9)the reduction, removal, or other effective addressing of the threats to the long-term viability of populations of marine turtles will require the joint commitment and effort of—

(A)countries that have within their boundaries marine turtle nesting habitats; and

(B)persons with expertise in the conservation of marine turtles.

(b)Purpose

The purpose of this chapter is to assist in the conservation of marine turtles, freshwater turtles, and tortoises and the habitats of marine turtles, freshwater turtles, and tortoises in foreign countries and territories of the United States by supporting and providing financial resources for projects—

(1)to conserve marine turtle, freshwater turtle, and tortoise habitats under the jurisdiction of United States Fish and Wildlife Service programs;

(2)to conserve marine turtles, freshwater turtles, and tortoises in those habitats; and

(3)to address other threats to the survival of marine turtles, freshwater turtles, and tortoises, including habitat loss, poaching of turtles or their eggs, and wildlife trafficking.

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Endangered Species Act of 1973, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is Pub. L. 93–205, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 884, which is classified principally to chapter 35 (§ 1531 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see

Short Title

note set out under section 1531 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

2019—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 116–9 added subsec. (b) and struck out former subsec. (b). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The purpose of this chapter is to assist in the conservation of marine turtles and the nesting habitats of marine turtles in foreign countries by supporting and providing financial resources for projects to conserve the nesting habitats, conserve marine turtles in those habitats, and address other threats to the survival of marine turtles.”

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 108–266, § 1, July 2, 2004, 118 Stat. 791, provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Marine Turtle Conservation Act of 2004’.”

§6601 Findings and Purposes

Summary

Title 16, §6601

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

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Amendments

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

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Citations & Metadata