Title 18, Crimes and Criminal ProcedureRelease 119-102
§1469 Presumptions
Title 18 › PART I — CRIMES › CHAPTER 71 — OBSCENITY › § 1469
Summary
When a crime needs proof that something moved between states, showing it was made in one state and later found in another makes the court assume it was transported across state lines unless someone proves otherwise. The same rule applies if it was made outside the United States and later found inside the United States.
Full Legal Text
Title 18, §1469
Crimes and Criminal Procedure, Source: USLM XML via OLRC
(a)In any prosecution under this chapter in which an element of the offense is that the matter in question was transported, shipped, or carried in interstate commerce, proof, by either circumstantial or direct evidence, that such matter was produced or manufactured in one State and is subsequently located in another State shall raise a rebuttable presumption that such matter was transported, shipped, or carried in interstate commerce.
(b)In any prosecution under this chapter in which an element of the offense is that the matter in question was transported, shipped, or carried in foreign commerce, proof, by either circumstantial or direct evidence, that such matter was produced or manufactured outside of the United States and is subsequently located in the United States shall raise a rebuttable presumption that such matter was transported, shipped, or carried in foreign commerce.
Reference
Citations & Metadata
Citation
18 U.S.C. § 1469
Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure
Last Updated
Aug 21, 2026
Release point: 119-102