Title 18, Crimes and Criminal ProcedureRelease 119-110

§37 Violence at International Airports

Title 18 › PART I — CRIMES › CHAPTER 2 — AIRCRAFT AND MOTOR VEHICLES › § 37

Last updated Sep 23, 2026|Official source

Summary

Makes it a federal crime to knowingly use any device, substance, or weapon to attack people or damage things at an airport that serves international flights. If the act could cause serious injury or death, or if someone destroys or badly damages airport buildings or a parked civil airplane, or disrupts airport services in a way that endangers safety, the person can be fined, jailed for up to 20 years, or both. If someone dies because of the act, the offender can be punished by death or by any term of years, including life. The law applies when the act happens in the United States, or when it happens abroad but the offender is later found in the United States, or when the offender or a victim is a U.S. national. Federal prosecutors cannot charge someone for conduct in the U.S. if it was part of a labor dispute and the same act is a felony under the state law where it happened. "Labor dispute" is defined under the Norris‑LaGuardia Act. "State" includes the 50 states, Washington, D.C., and U.S. territories and possessions.

Full Legal Text

Title 18, §37

Crimes and Criminal Procedure, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Offense.—
A person who unlawfully and intentionally, using any device, substance, or weapon—
(1)performs an act of violence against a person at an airport serving international civil aviation that causes or is likely to cause serious bodily injury (as defined in section 1365 of this title) or death; or
(2)destroys or seriously damages the facilities of an airport serving international civil aviation or a civil aircraft not in service located thereon or disrupts the services of the airport,
if such an act endangers or is likely to endanger safety at that airport, or attempts or conspires to do such an act, shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both; and if the death of any person results from conduct prohibited by this subsection, shall be punished by death or imprisoned for any term of years or for life.
(b)Jurisdiction.—
There is jurisdiction over the prohibited activity in subsection (a) if—
(1)the prohibited activity takes place in the United States; or
(2)the prohibited activity takes place outside the United States and (A) the offender is later found in the United States; or (B) an offender or a victim is a national of the United States (as defined in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22))).
(c)Bar to Prosecution.—
It is a bar to Federal prosecution under subsection (a) for conduct that occurred within the United States that the conduct involved was during or in relation to a labor dispute, and such conduct is prohibited as a felony under the law of the State in which it was committed. For purposes of this section, the term “labor dispute” has the meaning set forth in section 2(c) of the Norris-LaGuardia Act, as amended (29 U.S.C. 113(c)), and the term “State” means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, and any commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–132, § 723(a)(1), inserted “or conspires” after “attempts” in concluding provisions. Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 104–132, § 721(g), inserted subpar. (A) designation and added subpar. (B). Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–294 inserted heading and inserted “, and the term ‘State’ means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, and any commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States” before period at end.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 103–322, title VI, § 60021(c), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1980, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting this section] shall take effect on the later of— “(1) the date of enactment of this Act [Sept. 13, 1994]; or “(2) the date on which the Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports Serving International Civil Aviation, Supplementary to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Civil Aviation, done at Montreal on 23 September 1971, has come into force and the United States has become a party to the Protocol.” [Protocol came into force and United States became a party to the Protocol Nov. 18, 1994, Treaty Doc. 100–19.]

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

18 U.S.C. § 37

Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure

Last Updated

Sep 23, 2026

Release point: 119-110