Title 19, Customs DutiesRelease 119-110
§1673d Final Determinations
Title 19 › CHAPTER 4 — TARIFF ACT OF 1930 › SUBTITLE IV — COUNTERVAILING AND ANTIDUMPING DUTIES › Part II — Imposition of Antidumping Duties › § 1673d
Summary
The agency that checks for dumping must decide within 75 days after its preliminary finding whether imports are being, or likely will be, sold in the United States below their fair value. It can delay that final decision until the 135th day if exporters who account for a big share of exports ask for the delay when the preliminary finding was affirmative, or if the petitioner asks when the preliminary finding was negative. If the final finding is affirmative and “critical circumstances” were claimed, the agency must also say whether there is a history of dumping and injury or whether importers knew or should have known dumping would cause injury, and whether there were massive imports in a short time. The agency ignores any dumping margin that is de minimis. After that, the U.S. International Trade Commission must decide if a U.S. industry is materially injured, threatened with material injury, or if the start of an industry is being held back because of those imports. If imports are tiny, the case ends. Timing rules: if the agency’s preliminary finding was affirmative, the Commission must decide by the later of 120 days after that preliminary finding or 45 days after the agency’s final finding; if the preliminary was negative but the final is affirmative, the Commission has 75 days after the final to decide. If the agency found critical circumstances, the Commission must also say whether imports are likely to seriously weaken any remedy, looking at timing, volume, inventory increases, and other facts. If both the agency and the Commission decide affirmatively, the agency will set estimated dumping margins for the investigated exporters and an “all-others” rate (a weighted average that excludes zero, de minimis, and certain special-calculated margins), require cash deposits or bonds based on those rates, and issue an antidumping order. If either decision is negative, the investigation ends and any suspension of liquidation is ended and deposits or bonds are returned. The agency must publish its findings, share relevant information with the Commission, allow corrections for ministerial errors (simple arithmetic or clerical mistakes), and may make suspensions apply retroactively to unliquidated entries made on or after the date 90 days before the first suspension order.
Full Legal Text
Title 19, §1673d
Customs Duties, Source: USLM XML via OLRC
(a)Final determination by administering authority
(1)General rule
Within 75 days after the date of its preliminary determination under section 1673b(b) of this title, the administering authority shall make a final determination of whether the subject merchandise is being, or is likely to be, sold in the United States at less than its fair value.
(2)Extension of period for determination
The administering authority may postpone making the final determination under paragraph (1) until not later than the 135th day after the date on which it published notice of its preliminary determination under section 1673b(b) of this title if a request in writing for such a postponement is made by—
(A)exporters who account for a significant proportion of exports of the merchandise which is the subject of the investigation, in a proceeding in which the preliminary determination by the administering authority under section 1673b(b) of this title was affirmative, or
(B)the petitioner, in a proceeding in which the preliminary determination by the administering authority under section 1673b(b) of this title was negative.
(3)Critical circumstances determinations
If the final determination of the administering authority is affirmative, then that determination, in any investigation in which the presence of critical circumstances has been alleged under section 1673b(e) of this title, shall also contain a finding of whether—
(A)(i)there is a history of dumping and material injury by reason of dumped imports in the United States or elsewhere of the subject merchandise, or
(ii)the person by whom, or for whose account, the merchandise was imported knew or should have known that the exporter was selling the subject merchandise at less than its fair value and that there would be material injury by reason of such sales, and
(B)there have been massive imports of the subject merchandise over a relatively short period.
Such findings may be affirmative even though the preliminary determination under section 1673b(e)(1) of this title was negative.
(4)De minimis dumping margin
In making a determination under this subsection, the administering authority shall disregard any weighted average dumping margin that is de minimis as defined in section 1673b(b)(3) of this title.
(b)Final determination by Commission
(1)In general
The Commission shall make a final determination of whether—
(A)an industry in the United States—
(i)is materially injured, or
(ii)is threatened with material injury, or
(B)the establishment of an industry in the United States is materially retarded,
by reason of imports, or sales (or the likelihood of sales) for importation, of the merchandise with respect to which the administering authority has made an affirmative determination under subsection (a)(1). If the Commission determines that imports of the subject merchandise are negligible, the investigation shall be terminated.
(2)Period for injury determination following affirmative preliminary determination by administering authority
If the preliminary determination by the administering authority under section 1673b(b) of this title is affirmative, then the Commission shall make the determination required by paragraph (1) before the later of— (A)
(B)the 45th day after the day on which the administering authority makes its affirmative final determination under subsection (a).
(3)Period for injury determination following negative preliminary determination by administering authority
If the preliminary determination by the administering authority under section 1673b(b) of this title is negative, and its final determination under subsection (a) is affirmative, then the final determination by the Commission under this subsection shall be made within 75 days after the date of that affirmative final determination.
(4)Certain additional findings
(A)Commission standard for retroactive application.—
(i)In general.—
If the finding of the administering authority under subsection (a)(3) is affirmative, then the final determination of the Commission shall include a finding as to whether the imports subject to the affirmative determination under subsection (a)(3) are likely to undermine seriously the remedial effect of the antidumping duty order to be issued under section 1673e of this title.
(ii)Factors to consider.—
In making the evaluation under clause (i), the Commission shall consider, among other factors it considers relevant—
(I)the timing and the volume of the imports,
(II)a rapid increase in inventories of the imports, and
(III)any other circumstances indicating that the remedial effect of the antidumping order will be seriously undermined.
(B)If the final determination of the Commission is that there is no material injury but that there is threat of material injury, then its determination shall also include a finding as to whether material injury by reason of the imports of the merchandise with respect to which the administering authority has made an affirmative determination under subsection (a) would have been found but for any suspension of liquidation of entries of the merchandise.
(c)Effect of final determinations
(1)Effect of affirmative determination by the administering authority
If the determination of the administering authority under subsection (a) is affirmative, then—
(A)the administering authority shall make available to the Commission all information upon which such determination was based and which the Commission considers relevant to its determination, under such procedures as the administering authority and the Commission may establish to prevent disclosure, other than with the consent of the party providing it or under protective order, of any information as to which confidential treatment has been given by the administering authority,
(B)(i)the administering authority shall—
(I)determine the estimated weighted average dumping margin for each exporter and producer individually investigated, and
(II)determine, in accordance with paragraph (5), the estimated all-others rate for all exporters and producers not individually investigated, and
(ii)the administering authority shall order the posting of a cash deposit, bond, or other security, as the administering authority deems appropriate, for each entry of the subject merchandise in an amount based on the estimated weighted average dumping margin or the estimated all-others rate, whichever is applicable, and
(C)in cases where the preliminary determination by the administering authority under section 1673b(b) of this title was negative, the administering authority shall order the suspension of liquidation under section 1673b(d)(2) of this title.
(2)Issuance of order; effect of negative determination
If the determinations of the administering authority and the Commission under subsections (a)(1) and (b)(1) are affirmative, then the administering authority shall issue an antidumping duty order under section 1673e(a) of this title. If either of such determinations is negative, the investigation shall be terminated upon the publication of notice of that negative determination and the administering authority shall—
(A)terminate the suspension of liquidation under section 1673b(d)(2) of this title, and
(B)release any bond or other security, and refund any cash deposit, required under section 1673b(d)(1)(B) of this title.
(3)Effect of negative determinations under subsections (a)(3) and (b)(4)(A)
If the determination of the administering authority or the Commission under subsection (a)(3) or (b)(4)(A), respectively, is negative, then the administering authority shall—
(A)terminate any retroactive suspension of liquidation required under paragraph (4) or section 1673b(e)(2) of this title, and
(B)release any bond or other security, and refund any cash deposit required, under section 1673b(d)(1)(B) of this title with respect to entries of the merchandise the liquidation of which was suspended retroactively under section 1673b(e)(2) of this title.
(4)Effect of affirmative determination under subsection (a)(3)
If the determination of the administering authority under subsection (a)(3) is affirmative, then the administering authority shall—
(A)in cases where the preliminary determinations by the administering authority under section 1673b(b) and 1673b(e)(1) of this title were both affirmative, continue the retroactive suspension of liquidation and the posting of a cash deposit, bond, or other security previously ordered under section 1673b(e)(2) of this title;
(B)in cases where the preliminary determination by the administering authority under section 1673b(b) of this title was affirmative, but the preliminary determination under section 1673b(e)(1) of this title was negative, shall modify any suspension of liquidation and security requirement previously ordered under section 1673b(d) of this title to apply to unliquidated entries of merchandise entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the date which is 90 days before the date on which suspension of liquidation was first ordered; or
(C)in cases where the preliminary determination by the administering authority under section 1673b(b) of this title was negative, shall apply any suspension of liquidation and security requirement ordered under subsection (c)(1)(B) to unliquidated entries of merchandise entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the date which is 90 days before the date on which suspension of liquidation is first ordered.
(5)Method for determining estimated all-others rate
(A)General rule
For purposes of this subsection and section 1673b(d) of this title, the estimated all-others rate shall be an amount equal to the weighted average of the estimated weighted average dumping margins established for exporters and producers individually investigated, excluding any zero and de minimis margins, and any margins determined entirely under section 1677e of this title.
(B)Exception
If the estimated weighted average dumping margins established for all exporters and producers individually investigated are zero or de minimis margins, or are determined entirely under section 1677e of this title, the administering authority may use any reasonable method to establish the estimated all-others rate for exporters and producers not individually investigated, including averaging the estimated weighted average dumping margins determined for the exporters and producers individually investigated.
(d)Publication of notice of determinations
Whenever the administering authority or the Commission makes a determination under this section, it shall notify the petitioner, other parties to the investigation, and the other agency of its determination and of the facts and conclusions of law upon which the determination is based, and it shall publish notice of its determination in the Federal Register.
(e)Correction of ministerial errors
The administering authority shall establish procedures for the correction of ministerial errors in final determinations within a reasonable time after the determinations are issued under this section. Such procedures shall ensure opportunity for interested parties to present their views regarding any such errors. As used in this subsection, the term “ministerial error” includes errors in addition, subtraction, or other arithmetic function, clerical errors resulting from inaccurate copying, duplication, or the like, and any other type of unintentional error which the administering authority considers ministerial.
Legislative History
Notes & Related Subsidiaries
Editorial Notes
Amendments
1996—Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(i). Pub. L. 104–295 amended Pub. L. 103–465, § 214(b)(2)(A)(i). See 1994 Amendment note below. 1994—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–465, § 233(a)(5)(V), substituted “subject merchandise” for “merchandise which was the subject of the investigation”. Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(i). Pub. L. 103–465, § 214(b)(2)(A)(i), as amended by Pub. L. 104–295, inserted “and material injury by reason of dumped imports” after “history of dumping” and substituted “subject merchandise” for “class or kind of merchandise which is the subject of the investigation”. Subsec. (a)(3)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 103–465, § 214(b)(2)(A)(ii), substituted “subject merchandise at less than its fair value and that there would be material injury by reason of such sales” for “merchandise which is the subject of the investigation at less than its fair value”. Subsec. (a)(3)(B). Pub. L. 103–465, § 214(b)(2)(A)(iii), substituted “subject merchandise” for “merchandise which is the subject of the investigation”. Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 103–465, § 213(b), added par. (4). Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–465, § 212(b)(2)(B), inserted at end of concluding provisions “If the Commission determines that imports of the subject merchandise are negligible, the investigation shall be terminated.” Subsec. (b)(4)(A). Pub. L. 103–465, § 214(b)(2)(B), amended subpar. (A) generally, substituting present provisions for provisions requiring, in the case of an affirmative critical circumstances determination, a further finding as to whether retroactive imposition of antidumping duties on the subject merchandise would be necessary to prevent recurrence of material injury caused by massive imports of the merchandise over a relatively short period of time. Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 103–465, § 219(b)(1), struck out “and” at end of subpar. (A), added subpar. (B), and redesignated former subpar. (B) as (C) and substituted “the suspension of liquidation under section 1673b(d)(2) of this title” for “under paragraphs (1) and (2) of section 1673b(d) of this title the suspension of liquidation and the posting of a cash deposit, bond, or other security”. Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 103–465, § 219(c)(6), substituted “1673b(d)(2)” for “1671b(d)(1)”. Subsec. (c)(2)(B). Pub. L. 103–465, § 219(c)(7), substituted “1673b(d)(1)(B)” for “1673b(d)(2)”. Subsec. (c)(3)(B). Pub. L. 103–465, § 219(c)(8), substituted “1673b(d)(1)(B)” for “1673b(d)(2)”. Subsec. (c)(5). Pub. L. 103–465, § 219(b)(2), added par. (5). 1988—Subsec. (b)(4)(A). Pub. L. 100–418, § 1324(b)(3), amended subpar. (A) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (A) read as follows: “If the finding of the administering authority under subsection (a)(2) of this section is affirmative, then the final determination of the Commission shall include a finding as to whether the material injury is by reason of massive imports described in subsection (a)(3) of this section to an extent that, in order to prevent such material injury from recurring, it is necessary to impose the duty imposed by section 1673 of this title retroactively on those imports.” Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 100–418, § 1333(a), added subsec. (e). 1984—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 98–573, § 605(b)(1), inserted provision that such findings may be affirmative even though the preliminary determination under section 1673b(e)(1) of this title was negative. Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 98–573, § 602(c), inserted “, or sales (or the likelihood of sales) for importation,” in provisions after subpar. (B). Subsec. (c)(3)(A). Pub. L. 98–573, § 605(b)(3), inserted reference to par. (4). Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 98–573, § 605(b)(2), added par. (4).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
of 1994 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 103–465 effective, except as otherwise provided, on the date on which the WTO Agreement enters into force with respect to the United States (Jan. 1, 1995), and applicable with respect to investigations, reviews, and inquiries initiated and petitions filed under specified provisions of this chapter after such date, see section 291 of Pub. L. 103–465, set out as a note under section 1671 of this title.
Effective Date
of 1988 AmendmentAmendment by section 1333(a) of Pub. L. 100–418 effective Aug. 23, 1988, and amendment by section 1324(b)(3) of Pub. L. 100–418 applicable with respect to investigations initiated after Aug. 23, 1988, see section 1337(a), (c) of Pub. L. 100–418, set out as a note under section 1671 of this title.
Effective Date
of 1984 AmendmentAmendment by section 602(c) of Pub. L. 98–573 applicable with respect to investigations initiated by petition or by the administering authority under parts I and II of this subtitle, and to reviews begun under section 1675 of this title, on or after Oct. 30, 1984, and amendment by section 605(b) of Pub. L. 98–573 effective Oct. 30, 1984, see section 626(a), (b)(1) of Pub. L. 98–573, as amended, set out as a note under section 1671 of this title.
Reference
Citations & Metadata
Citation
19 U.S.C. § 1673d
Title 19, Customs Duties
Last Updated
Sep 22, 2026
Release point: 119-110