Title 19, Customs DutiesRelease 119-73not60
§1677f–1 Sampling and Averaging; Determination of Weighted Average Dumping Margin and Countervailable Subsidy Rate
Title 19 › Chapter 4— TARIFF ACT OF 1930 › Subtitle SUBTITLE IV— COUNTERVAILING AND ANTIDUMPING DUTIES › Part IV— General Provisions › § 1677f–1
Summary
The agency that runs antidumping and countervailing duty cases may use averages and statistically valid samples when there are many sales or many kinds of products. It can leave out price adjustments that are tiny compared with the price. The agency alone decides how to pick averages and samples, but it should talk with exporters and producers as much as possible about the method. The agency must try to calculate an individual dumping margin and an individual subsidy rate for each known exporter and producer. If there are too many to handle, it can instead examine a reasonable number by using a statistically valid sample or by looking at the exporters and producers that account for the largest volume it can reasonably check. When comparing prices in investigations, the agency can compare weighted averages to weighted averages or compare individual transactions to individual transactions. If there are big differences in prices across buyers, places, or times, it can compare weighted averages to individual prices if it explains why the other methods won’t work. In reviews, the agency should limit its averaging to the calendar month that best matches the month of the export sale. For nonmarket-economy cases where normal value is set using factors of production, if a non-export subsidy lowered import prices and the agency can estimate how much that raised the dumping margin, the agency may reduce the antidumping duty, but not by more than the part of the countervailing duty rate tied to that subsidy.
Full Legal Text
Title 19, §1677f–1
Customs Duties, Source: USLM XML via OLRC
(a)For purposes of determining the export price (or constructed export price) under section 1677a of this title or the normal value under section 1677b of this title, and in carrying out reviews under section 1675 of this title, the administering authority may—
(1)use averaging and statistically valid samples, if there is a significant volume of sales of the subject merchandise or a significant number or types of products, and
(2)decline to take into account adjustments which are insignificant in relation to the price or value of the merchandise.
(b)The authority to select averages and statistically valid samples shall rest exclusively with the administering authority. The administering authority shall, to the greatest extent possible, consult with the exporters and producers regarding the method to be used to select exporters, producers, or types of products under this section.
(c)(1)In determining weighted average dumping margins under section 1673b(d), 1673d(c), or 1675(a) of this title, the administering authority shall determine the individual weighted average dumping margin for each known exporter and producer of the subject merchandise.
(2)If it is not practicable to make individual weighted average dumping margin determinations under paragraph (1) because of the large number of exporters or producers involved in the investigation or review, the administering authority may determine the weighted average dumping margins for a reasonable number of exporters or producers by limiting its examination to—
(A)a sample of exporters, producers, or types of products that is statistically valid based on the information available to the administering authority at the time of selection, or
(B)exporters and producers accounting for the largest volume of the subject merchandise from the exporting country that can be reasonably examined.
(d)(1)(A)In an investigation under part II of this subtitle, the administering authority shall determine whether the subject merchandise is being sold in the United States at less than fair value—
(i)by comparing the weighted average of the normal values to the weighted average of the export prices (and constructed export prices) for comparable merchandise, or
(ii)by comparing the normal values of individual transactions to the export prices (or constructed export prices) of individual transactions for comparable merchandise.
(B)The administering authority may determine whether the subject merchandise is being sold in the United States at less than fair value by comparing the weighted average of the normal values to the export prices (or constructed export prices) of individual transactions for comparable merchandise, if—
(i)there is a pattern of export prices (or constructed export prices) for comparable merchandise that differ significantly among purchasers, regions, or periods of time, and
(ii)the administering authority explains why such differences cannot be taken into account using a method described in paragraph (1)(A)(i) or (ii).
(2)In a review under section 1675 of this title, when comparing export prices (or constructed export prices) of individual transactions to the weighted average price of sales of the foreign like product, the administering authority shall limit its averaging of prices to a period not exceeding the calendar month that corresponds most closely to the calendar month of the individual export sale.
(e)(1)In determining countervailable subsidy rates under section 1671b(d), 1671d(c), or 1675(a) of this title, the administering authority shall determine an individual countervailable subsidy rate for each known exporter or producer of the subject merchandise.
(2)If the administering authority determines that it is not practicable to determine individual countervailable subsidy rates under paragraph (1) because of the large number of exporters or producers involved in the investigation or review, the administering authority may—
(A)determine individual countervailable subsidy rates for a reasonable number of exporters or producers by limiting its examination to—
(i)a sample of exporters or producers that the administering authority determines is statistically valid based on the information available to the administering authority at the time of selection, or
(ii)exporters and producers accounting for the largest volume of the subject merchandise from the exporting country that the administering authority determines can be reasonably examined; or
(B)determine a single country-wide subsidy rate to be applied to all exporters and producers.
(f)(1)If the administering authority determines, with respect to a class or kind of merchandise from a nonmarket economy country for which an antidumping duty is determined using normal value pursuant to section 1677b(c) of this title, that—
(A)pursuant to section 1671(a)(1) of this title, a countervailable subsidy (other than an export subsidy referred to in section 1677a(c)(1)(C) of this title) has been provided with respect to the class or kind of merchandise,
(B)such countervailable subsidy has been demonstrated to have reduced the average price of imports of the class or kind of merchandise during the relevant period, and
(C)the administering authority can reasonably estimate the extent to which the countervailable subsidy referred to in subparagraph (B), in combination with the use of normal value determined pursuant to section 1677b(c) of this title, has increased the weighted average dumping margin for the class or kind of merchandise,
(2)The administering authority may not reduce the antidumping duty applicable to a class or kind of merchandise from a nonmarket economy country under this subsection by more than the portion of the countervailing duty rate attributable to a countervailable subsidy that is provided with respect to the class or kind of merchandise and that meets the conditions described in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of paragraph (1).
Legislative History
Notes & Related Subsidiaries
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2012—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 112–99 added subsec. (f). 1994—Pub. L. 103–465, § 269(b)(1), inserted “and countervailable subsidy rate” after “margin” in section catchline. Pub. L. 103–465, § 269(a), added subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–465, § 229(a), amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions authorizing use of averaging or generally recognized sampling techniques for purposes of determining United States price or foreign market value and for purposes of annual reviews under section 1675 of this title, and providing for selection of samples and averages by administering authority.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
of 2012 Amendment Pub. L. 112–99, § 2(b), Mar. 13, 2012, 126 Stat. 266, provided that: “Subsection (f) of section 777A of the Tariff Act of 1930 [19 U.S.C. 1677f–1(f)], as added by subsection (a) of this section, applies to— “(1) all investigations and reviews initiated pursuant to title VII of that Act (19 U.S.C. 1671 et seq.) on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Mar. 13, 2012]; and “(2) subject to subsection (c) of section 129 of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 3538), all determinations issued under subsection (b)(2) of that section on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.”
Effective Date
of 1994 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 103–465 effective, except as otherwise provided, on the date on which the WTO Agreement enters into force with respect to the United States (Jan. 1, 1995), and applicable with respect to investigations, reviews, and inquiries initiated and petitions filed under specified provisions of this chapter after such date, see section 291 of Pub. L. 103–465, set out as a note under section 1671 of this title.
Effective Date
Section applicable with respect to investigations initiated by petition or by the administering authority under parts I and II of this subtitle, and to reviews begun under section 1675 of this title, on or after Oct. 30, 1984, see section 626(b)(1) of Pub. L. 98–573, as amended, set out as an
Effective Date
of 1984 Amendment note under section 1671 of this title.
Reference
Citations & Metadata
Citation
19 U.S.C. § 1677f–1
Title 19, Customs Duties
Last Updated
Apr 5, 2026
Release point: 119-73not60