Title 22, Foreign Relations and IntercourseRelease 119-110

§3623 Office of Ombudsman

Title 22 › CHAPTER 51 — PANAMA CANAL › SUBCHAPTER I — ADMINISTRATION AND REGULATIONS › Part 1 — Panama Canal Commission › § 3623

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

The Commission must create an Office of Ombudsman and name an Ombudsman to run it. The office will take complaints, requests, and suggestions from employees and their dependents who worked for the Commission or other U.S. agencies, including the Smithsonian, that operated in the Canal Zone before October 1, 1979 about problems caused by carrying out the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 and related agreements. The Ombudsman will investigate cases, help resolve them, and make recommendations to the Commission or other federal agencies, including the Smithsonian. Setting up the office does not change any other grievance, appeal, or administrative procedures in law or federal rules. The Office ends when the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 ends.

Full Legal Text

Title 22, §3623

Foreign Relations and Intercourse, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Establishment; appointment of Ombudsman; functions
There is established within the Commission an Office of Ombudsman, to be directed by an Ombudsman, who shall be appointed by the Commission. It shall be the function of the Office of Ombudsman to receive individual complaints, grievances, requests, and suggestions of employees (and their dependents) of the Commission and other departments and agencies of the United States, including the Smithsonian Institution, conducting operations before October 1, 1979, in the area then comprising the Canal Zone concerning administrative problems, inefficiencies, and conflicts caused within departments and agencies of the United States, including the Smithsonian Institution, as a result of the implementation of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 and related agreements.
(b)Authority to make findings, render assistance, and offer recommendations
The Ombudsman shall make findings and render assistance with respect to the complaints, grievances, requests, and suggestions submitted to the Office of Ombudsman, and shall make appropriate recommendations to the Commission or any other department or agency of the United States, including the Smithsonian Institution.
(c)Effect on procedures for grievances, appeals, or administrative matters under this chapter, in other provisions of law, or in Federal regulations
The establishment of the Office of Ombudsman shall not affect any procedures for grievances, appeals, or administrative matters in any other provision of this chapter, any other provision of law, or any Federal regulation.
(d)Termination date
The Office of Ombudsman shall terminate upon the termination of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (c), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 96–70, Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 452, known as the Panama Canal Act of 1979, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see

Short Title

note set out under section 3601 of this title and Tables.

Amendments

1996—Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 104–201 redesignated subsec. (e) as (d) and struck out former subsec. (d) which read as follows: “The Ombudsman shall be a citizen of the United States.”

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

22 U.S.C. § 3623

Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110