22 U.S.C. § 8563: Report and imposition of…

Summary

Within 180 days after December 29, 2022, the Secretary of State, with help from the Treasury, the Director of National Intelligence, and the Attorney General, must send Congress a report. The report must describe human rights and the rule of law in Iran, including how marginalized groups are treated. It must list what Iran did in the past year to target or silence dissidents inside and outside Iran, how those actions were done, and how they were paid for, including the amounts. The report must name foreign people who work for or on behalf of the Iranian government or its proxies and who are involved in harassment, surveillance, kidnapping, illegal extradition, imprisonment, torture, killing, or assassination on or after December 29, 2022, of Iranians (including dual nationals) or U.S. citizens who try to expose corruption or promote human rights. For each person named, the report must explain why they were identified. The report must be updated at least once a year for 10 years after December 29, 2022, and updated sooner as needed when new people are identified. The public part of the report must be unclassified and posted on the State Department website, though a classified annex is allowed. If someone is named in the latest report or update, the President must impose sanctions on them. These include using powers under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act to block and bar all transactions in their property that are in the United States or controlled by U.S. persons. If the person is an individual, they cannot get visas or enter the United States, and any existing visas are revoked immediately and any other valid entry documents are canceled.

Title 22, §8563

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(a)Report required

(1)In general

Not later than 180 days after December 29, 2022, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Director of National Intelligence, and the Attorney General, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that—

(A)includes a detailed description and assessment of—

(i)the state of human rights and the rule of law inside Iran, including the treatment of marginalized individuals and communities in Iran;

(ii)actions taken by the Government of Iran during the year preceding submission of the report to target and silence dissidents both inside and outside of Iran who advocate for human rights inside Iran;

(iii)the methods used by the Government of Iran to target and silence dissidents both inside and outside of Iran; and

(iv)the means through which the Government of Iran finances efforts to target and silence dissidents both inside and outside of Iran and the amount of that financing;

(B)identifies foreign persons working as part of the Government of Iran or acting on behalf of that Government or its proxies that are involved in harassment and surveillance and that the Secretary of State may also, as appropriate, determine, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, are knowingly responsible for, complicit in, or involved in ordering, conspiring, planning, or implementing the surveillance, harassment, kidnapping, illegal extradition, imprisonment, torture, killing, or assassination, on or after December 29, 2022, of citizens of Iran (including citizens of Iran of dual nationality) or citizens of the United States, inside or outside Iran, who seek—

(i)to expose illegal or corrupt activity carried out by officials of the Government of Iran; or

(ii)to obtain, exercise, defend, or promote the human rights of individuals, including members of marginalized communities, in Iran; and

(C)includes, for each foreign person identified under subparagraph (B), a clear explanation for why the foreign person was so identified.

(2)Updates of report

The report required by paragraph (1) shall be updated, and the updated version submitted to the appropriate congressional committees, during the 10-year period following December 29, 2022—

(A)not less frequently than annually; and

(B)with respect to matters relating to the identification of foreign persons under paragraph (1)(B), on an ongoing basis as appropriate.

(3)Form of report

(A)In general

Each report required by paragraph (1) and each update required by paragraph (2) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.

(B)Public availability

The Secretary of State shall post the unclassified portion of each report required by paragraph (1) and each update required by paragraph (2) on a publicly available internet website of the Department of State.

(b)Imposition of sanctions

In the case of a foreign person identified under paragraph (1)(B) of subsection (a) in the most recent report or update submitted under that subsection, the President shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (c), pursuant to this section or an appropriate Executive authority.

(c)Sanctions described

The sanctions described in this subsection are the following:

(1)Blocking of property

The President shall exercise all powers granted to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in all property and interests in property of a foreign person described in subsection (a)(1)(B) if such property and interests in property are in the United States, come within the United States, or are or come within the possession or control of a United States person.

(2)Inadmissibility of certain individuals

(A)Ineligibility for visas and admission to the United States

In the case of a foreign person described in subsection (a)(1)(B) who is an individual, the individual is—

(i)inadmissible to the United States;

(ii)ineligible to receive a visa or other documentation to enter the United States; and

(iii)otherwise ineligible to be admitted or paroled into the United States or to receive any other benefit under the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).

(B)Current visas revoked

(i)In general

The visa or other entry documentation of an individual described in subparagraph (A) shall be revoked, regardless of when such visa or other entry documentation is or was issued.

(ii)Immediate effect

A revocation under clause (i) shall—

(I)take effect immediately; and

(II)automatically cancel any other valid visa or entry documentation that is in the individual’s possession.

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is title II of Pub. L. 95–223, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626, which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§ 1701 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see

Short Title

note set out under section 1701 of Title 50 and Tables. The Immigration and Nationality Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(A)(iii), is act June 27, 1952, ch. 477, 66 Stat. 163, which is classified principally to chapter 12 (§ 1101 et seq.) of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see

Short Title

note set out under section 1101 of Title 8 and Tables. Codification Section was enacted as part of the Masih Alinejad Harassment and Unlawful Targeting Act of 2022, also known as the Masih Alinejad HUNT Act of 2022, and not as part of the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010 which comprises this chapter.

§8563 Report and Imposition of Sanctions with Respect to Persons Who Are Responsible for or Complicit in Abuses Toward Dissidents on Behalf of the Government of Iran

Summary

Title 22, §8563

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

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