§1901 — Title 25 Indians | U.S. Code

Summary

Congress finds that the Constitution gives it the power to make rules about Indian tribes, and that it has full authority over Indian affairs. Congress says it has already taken on the duty to protect tribes and their resources through laws, treaties, and past dealings. Congress also says tribal children are the most important resource for a tribe’s survival, and the United States has a direct duty to protect children who are members or eligible members of a tribe. Too many Indian children are taken from their families—often without good reason—and placed in non‑Indian foster or adoptive homes or institutions. States handling child custody cases have often failed to respect tribal family ties and cultural and social norms.

Title 25, §1901

Indians — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

Recognizing the special relationship between the United States and the Indian tribes and their members and the Federal responsibility to Indian people, the Congress finds—

(1)that clause 3, section 8, article I of the United States Constitution provides that “The Congress shall have Power * * * To regulate Commerce * * * with Indian tribes 11 So in original. Probably should be capitalized.” and, through this and other constitutional authority, Congress has plenary power over Indian affairs;

(2)that Congress, through statutes, treaties, and the general course of dealing with Indian tribes, has assumed the responsibility for the protection and preservation of Indian tribes and their resources;

(3)that there is no resource that is more vital to the continued existence and integrity of Indian tribes than their children and that the United States has a direct interest, as trustee, in protecting Indian children who are members of or are eligible for membership in an Indian tribe;

(4)that an alarmingly high percentage of Indian families are broken up by the removal, often unwarranted, of their children from them by nontribal public and private agencies and that an alarmingly high percentage of such children are placed in non-Indian foster and adoptive homes and institutions; and

(5)that the States, exercising their recognized jurisdiction over Indian child custody proceedings through administrative and judicial bodies, have often failed to recognize the essential tribal relations of Indian people and the cultural and social standards prevailing in Indian communities and families.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Pub. L. 95–608, § 1, Nov. 8, 1987, 92 Stat. 3069, provided: “That this Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978’.”

§1901 Congressional Findings

Summary

Title 25, §1901

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Short Title

Citations & Metadata