Title 26, Internal Revenue CodeRelease 119-110

§1252 Gain From Disposition of Farm Land

Title 26 › Subtitle A — Income Taxes › CHAPTER 1 — NORMAL TAXES AND SURTAXES › Subchapter P — Capital Gains and Losses › PART IV — SPECIAL RULES FOR DETERMINING CAPITAL GAINS AND LOSSES › § 1252

Last updated Sep 23, 2026|Official source

Summary

If you sell or otherwise dispose of farm land you owned for less than 10 years and you took soil-and-water conservation deductions on it, part of the gain must be taxed as ordinary income. The ordinary income amount is the smaller of: (a) a percentage of the total conservation deductions you claimed on that land, or (b) the gain (the amount realized—sale price or fair market value for a non-sale—minus the land’s adjusted basis). The percentage depends on how long you owned the land: within 5 years = 100%; in year 6 = 80%; year 7 = 60%; year 8 = 40%; year 9 = 20%; 10 years or more = 0%. "Farm land" means land where those soil-and-water conservation deductions were allowed. The Secretary can issue rules, like the rules under section 1245, to explain how this works.

Full Legal Text

Title 26, §1252

Internal Revenue Code, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)General rule
(1)Ordinary income
Except as otherwise provided in this section, if farm land which the taxpayer has held for less than 10 years is disposed of, the lower of— (A)
(B)the excess of—
(i)the amount realized (in the case of a sale, exchange, or involuntary conversion), or the fair market value of the farm land (in the case of any other disposition), over
(ii)the adjusted basis of such land,
shall be treated as ordinary income. Such gain shall be recognized notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle.
(2)Farm land (3) Applicable percentage
For purposes of this section, the term “farm land” means any land with respect to which deductions have been allowed under section 175 (relating to soil and water conservation expenditures).
(b)Special rules
Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, rules similar to the rules of section 1245 shall be applied for purposes of this section.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–141, § 401(b)(32)(A), struck out “during a taxable year beginning” after “disposed of” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 115–141, § 401(b)(32)(B), substituted “section” for “sections” and “for expenditures” for “and 182 (as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Tax Reform Act of 1986) for expenditures”. Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 115–141, § 401(b)(32)(C), substituted “section” for “sections” and struck out “or 182 (relating to expenditures by farmers for clearing land)” before period at end. 2014—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 113–295, § 221(a)(85)(A), struck out “after
December 31, 1969” after “beginning” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 113–295, § 221(a)(85)(B), struck out “after
December 31, 1969,” after “taxpayer”. 1986—Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 99–514 substituted “(as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Tax Reform Act of 1986)” for “(relating to expenditures by farmers for clearing land)”. 1984—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 98–369 struck out “, except that this section shall not apply to the extent section 1251 applies to such gain” after “of this subtitle” in last sentence. 1976—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 94–455, § 1901(b)(3)(K), substituted “ordinary income” for “gain from the sale or exchange of property which is neither a capital asset nor property described in section 1231”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–455, § 1906(b)(13)(A), struck out “or his delegate” after “Secretary”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 2014 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 113–295 effective Dec. 19, 2014, subject to a

Savings Provision

, see section 221(b) of Pub. L. 113–295, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1986 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 99–514 applicable to amounts paid or incurred after Dec. 31, 1985, in taxable years ending after such date, see section 402(c) of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as an

Effective Date

of Repeal note under former section 182 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1984 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 98–369 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1983, see section 492(d) of Pub. L. 98–369, set out as a note under section 170 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1976 AmendmentAmendment by section 1901(b)(3)(K) of Pub. L. 94–455 effective for taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1976, see section 1901(d) of Pub. L. 94–455, set out as a note under section 2 of this title.

Effective Date

Pub. L. 91–172, title II, § 214(c), Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 573, provided that: “The

Amendments

made by this section [enacting this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1969.”

Savings Provision

For provisions that nothing in amendment by Pub. L. 115–141 be construed to affect treatment of certain transactions occurring, property acquired, or items of income, loss, deduction, or credit taken into account prior to Mar. 23, 2018, for purposes of determining liability for tax for periods ending after Mar. 23, 2018, see section 401(e) of Pub. L. 115–141, set out as a note under section 23 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

26 U.S.C. § 1252

Title 26, Internal Revenue Code

Last Updated

Sep 23, 2026

Release point: 119-110