Title 28Judiciary and Judicial ProcedureRelease 119-73not60

§3103 Receivership

Title 28 › Part VI— PARTICULAR PROCEEDINGS › Chapter 176— FEDERAL DEBT COLLECTION PROCEDURE › Subchapter B— PREJUDGMENT REMEDIES › § 3103

Last updated Apr 5, 2026|Official source

Summary

A court can appoint a receiver to take charge of property when the rules in section 3101 are met and the United States shows good reason to fear the property will be moved out of the court’s reach, lost, hidden, badly damaged, or mismanaged. The receiver may take possession of real and personal property, bring or defend lawsuits about it, collect and sell debts, and manage, improve, lease, repair, or sell the property as the court directs (including actions under section 3007). The receiver cannot hire lawyers, accountants, appraisers, auctioneers, or other professionals unless the court specifically allows it. The receivership normally ends when judgment is entered or an appeal finishes unless the court continues it under section 3203(e) or orders otherwise. The receiver must keep written records of money and property, let interested people inspect those records, file regular reports and give copies to the debtor and the United States. The court can remove or change the receiver’s powers at any time. If more than one court appoints a receiver, the one who first qualifies under the law has priority. The court may allow the receiver a commission up to 5% of money handled, or set other compensation and may order the party who asked for the receiver to pay it. At the end, the receiver must file a final account and request payment showing the work done.

Full Legal Text

Title 28, §3103

Judiciary and Judicial Procedure — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)If the requirements of section 3101 are satisfied, a court may appoint a receiver for property in which the debtor has a substantial nonexempt interest if the United States shows reasonable cause to believe that there is a substantial danger that the property will be removed from the jurisdiction of the court, lost, concealed, materially injured or damaged, or mismanaged.
(b)(1)The appointing court may authorize a receiver—
(A)to take possession of real and personal property and sue for, collect, and sell obligations upon such conditions and for such purposes as the court shall direct; and
(B)to administer, collect, improve, lease, repair or sell pursuant to section 3007 such real and personal property as the court shall direct.
(2)Unless expressly authorized by order of the court, a receiver shall have no power to employ attorneys, accountants, appraisers, auctioneers, or other professional persons.
(c)A receivership shall not continue past the entry of judgment, or the conclusion of an appeal of such judgment, unless the court orders it continued under section 3203(e) or unless the court otherwise directs its continuation.
(d)A receiver shall keep written accounts itemizing receipts and expenditures, describing the property and naming the depository of receivership funds. The receiver’s accounts shall be open to inspection by any person having an apparent interest in the property. The receiver shall file reports at regular intervals as directed by the court and shall serve the debtor and the United States with a copy thereof.
(e)On motion of the receiver or on its own initiative, the court which appointed the receiver may remove the receiver or modify the receiver’s powers at any time.
(f)If more than one court appoints a receiver for particular property, the receiver first qualifying under law shall be entitled to take possession, control, or custody of the property.
(g)(1)A receiver is entitled to such commissions, not exceeding 5 percent of the sums received and disbursed by him, as the court allows unless the court otherwise directs.
(2)If, at the termination of a receivership, there are no funds in the hands of a receiver, the court may fix the compensation of the receiver in accordance with the services rendered and may direct the party who moved for the appointment of the receiver to pay such compensation in addition to the necessary expenditures incurred by the receiver which remain unpaid.
(3)At the termination of a receivership, the receiver shall file a final accounting of the receipts and disbursements and apply for compensation setting forth the amount sought and the services rendered by the receiver.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective 180 days after Nov. 29, 1990, and applicable with respect to certain actions for debts owed the United States pending in court on that

Effective Date

, see section 3631 of Pub. L. 101–647, set out as a note under section 3001 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

28 U.S.C. § 3103

Title 28Judiciary and Judicial Procedure

Last Updated

Apr 5, 2026

Release point: 119-73not60