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Title 31 — Money and FinanceRelease 119-73not60

§1349 Adverse Personnel Actions

Title 31 › Subtitle SUBTITLE II— THE BUDGET PROCESS › Chapter 13— APPROPRIATIONS › Subchapter III— LIMITATIONS, EXCEPTIONS, AND PENALTIES › § 1349

Last updated Apr 5, 2026|Official source

Summary

Any officer or employee of the U.S. government or the D.C. government who breaks the rules in section 1341(a) or 1342 must be disciplined. That can include being suspended without pay or being removed from their job when the situation calls for it. If an officer or employee willfully uses or allows use of a government-owned or -leased passenger car or aircraft (except for an official purpose allowed under section 1344), the agency head must suspend them without pay for at least one month. The suspension can be longer or they can be fired immediately if the facts justify it.

Full Legal Text

Title 31, §1349

Money and Finance — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)An officer or employee of the United States Government or of the District of Columbia government violating section 1341(a) or 1342 of this title shall be subject to appropriate administrative discipline including, when circumstances warrant, suspension from duty without pay or removal from office.
(b)An officer or employee who willfully uses or authorizes the use of a passenger motor vehicle or aircraft owned or leased by the United States Government (except for an official purpose authorized by section 1344 of this title) or otherwise violates section 1344 shall be suspended without pay by the head of the agency. The officer or employee shall be suspended for at least one month, and when circumstances warrant, for a longer period or summarily removed from office.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 1349(a)31:665(i)(1)(words before semicolon related to (a), (b)).R.S. § 3679(i)(1)(words before semicolon related to (a), (b)); Mar. 3, 1905, ch. 1484, § 4(1st par.), 33 Stat. 1257; Feb. 27, 1906, ch. 510, § 3, 34 Stat. 48; restated Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896, § 1211, 64 Stat. 768. 1349(b)31:638a(c)(2)(2d sentence).July 16, 1914, ch. 141, § 5(c)(2)(2d sentence), 38 Stat. 508; restated Aug. 2, 1946, ch. 744, § 16(a), 60 Stat. 810. In subsection (a), the words “In addition to any penalty or liability under other law” are omitted as surplus. The words “District of Columbia government” are added because of section 47–105 of the D.C. Code. In subsection (b), the words “of the Government” and “from duty” are omitted as unnecessary because of the restatement. The word “pay” is substituted for “compensation” for consistency. The word “agency” is substituted for “department” because of section 101 of the revised title and for consistency.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

31 U.S.C. § 1349

Title 31 — Money and Finance

Last Updated

Apr 5, 2026

Release point: 119-73not60