Title 31, Money and FinanceRelease 119-102

§3103 Notes

Title 31 › SUBTITLE III — FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT › CHAPTER 31 — PUBLIC DEBT › SUBCHAPTER I — BORROWING AUTHORITY › § 3103

Last updated Aug 21, 2026|Official source

Summary

With Presidential approval, the Treasury Secretary may borrow on the U.S. government's credit to pay for spending allowed by law, issue government notes, set their terms, and manage buybacks and refunds. Each series of notes must come due at least 1 year but no more than 10 years after it is issued. The government can redeem part of a series early with 4 to 12 months' notice. If two series share the same issue date, a holder may convert a note into one from the other series at par value.

Full Legal Text

Title 31, §3103

Money and Finance, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)With the approval of the President, the Secretary of the Treasury may borrow on the credit of the United States Government amounts necessary for expenditures authorized by law and may issue notes of the Government for the amounts borrowed and may buy, redeem, and make refunds under section 3111 of this title. The Secretary may prescribe conditions under section 3121 of this title. Notwithstanding section 3121(a)(5) of this title, the payment date of each series of notes issued shall be at least one year but not more than 10 years from the date of issue.
(b)The Government may redeem any part of a series of notes before maturity by giving at least 4 months’ notice but not more than one year’s notice.
(c)The holder of a note of one series issued under this section with the same issue date as another series of notes issued under this section may convert, at par value, a note of the holder for a note of the other series.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 3103(a), (b)31:753(a)(less form of notes, certificates of indebtedness, and Treasury bills).Sept. 24, 1917, ch. 56, 40 Stat. 288, § 18(a)(less form of notes, certificates of indebtedness, and Treasury bills); added Mar. 3, 1919, ch. 100, § 1, 40 Stat. 1309; Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 136, § 1401, 42 Stat. 321; Jan. 30, 1934, ch. 6, § 14(a)(3), 48 Stat. 343; restated Feb. 4, 1935, ch. 5, § 4, 49 Stat. 20; June 30, 1967, Pub. L. 90–39, § 4, 81 Stat. 99; Mar. 15, 1976, Pub. L. 94–232, § 3(b), 90 Stat. 217. 3103(c)31:753(c).Sept. 24, 1917, ch. 56, 40 Stat. 288, § 18(c); added Mar. 3, 1919, ch. 100, § 1, 40 Stat. 1310. In subsection (a), the words “In addition to the bonds and certificates of indebtedness and war-savings certificates authorized by this Act, and

Amendments

thereto” are omitted as unnecessary. The words “subject to the limitation imposed by section 757b of this title” are omitted as surplus. The word “Government” is added for consistency. The words “for expenditures authorized by law” are substituted for “for the purposes of this Act . . . and to meet public expenditures authorized by law” for clarity and because they are inclusive. The words “under section 3111 of this title” are substituted for “at or before maturity, of any outstanding bonds, notes, certificates of indebtedness, or Treasury bills of the United States” because of the restatement. The words “denomination or denominations” are omitted because section 3121(a) of the revised title consolidates this authority in one section for the various types of debt instruments. The words “under section 3121 of this title” are substituted for “containing such terms and conditions, and at such rate or rates of interest” because of the restatement. The words “at not less than par (except as provided in section 754b of this title)” are omitted as superseded by section 3 of the Public Debt Act of 1942 (ch. 205, 56 Stat. 189), restated in section 3121 of the revised title. The words “Notwithstanding section 3121(a)(5) of this title” are added for clarity because the section cited contains the general authority to which subsection (a)(last sentence) of this section is an exception. In subsection (b), the words “at the option of” and “and under such

Rules and Regulations

and during such period as he may prescribe” are omitted as surplus. Subsection (c) is substituted for 31:753(c) to eliminate unnecessary words and for clarity and consistency.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

31 U.S.C. § 3103

Title 31, Money and Finance

Last Updated

Aug 21, 2026

Release point: 119-102