Title 33, Navigation and Navigable WatersRelease 119-110

§2281 Matters to Be Addressed in Planning

Title 33 › CHAPTER 36 — WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT › SUBCHAPTER V — GENERAL PROVISIONS › § 2281

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

Require the Secretary to consider economic development, the overall quality of the environment, people's well‑being, preventing loss of life, and protecting cultural and historic values when planning and evaluating water projects. Both measurable and unmeasurable benefits and costs, and any information on possible loss of life from floods or coastal storms, must be shown. For feasibility reports completed after December 31, 2007, the Secretary must check that the project and each separable part are cost‑effective and that the project follows Federal, State, and local laws and public policies.

Full Legal Text

Title 33, §2281

Navigation and Navigable Waters, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)In general
Enhancing national economic development (including benefits to particular regions of the Nation not involving the transfer of economic activity to such regions from other regions), the quality of the total environment (including preservation and enhancement of the environment), the well-being of the people of the United States, the prevention of loss of life, and the preservation of cultural and historical values shall be addressed in the formulation and evaluation of water resources projects to be carried out by the Secretary, and the associated benefits and costs, both quantifiable and unquantifiable, and information regarding potential loss of human life that may be associated with flooding and coastal storm events, shall be displayed in the benefits and costs of such projects.
(b)Assessments
For all feasibility reports for water resources projects completed after December 31, 2007, the Secretary shall assess whether—
(1)the water resources project and each separable element is cost-effective; and
(2)the water resources project complies with Federal, State, and local laws (including regulations) and public policies.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2007—Pub. L. 110–114 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added subsec. (b). 1996—Pub. L. 104–303 inserted “and information regarding potential loss of human life that may be associated with flooding and coastal storm events,” after “unquantifiable,”. 1990—Pub. L. 101–640 inserted “(including preservation and enhancement of the environment)” after “environment”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Rural Project Evaluation and Selection Criteria Pub. L. 102–580, title II, § 214, Oct. 31, 1992, 106 Stat. 4831, directed Comptroller General, not later than 18 months after Oct. 31, 1992, to report to Congress with specific legislative and other recommendations on improving the equitable distribution of water resources development projects in rural areas, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–316, title I, § 117, Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3835.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

33 U.S.C. § 2281

Title 33, Navigation and Navigable Waters

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110