Title 34, NavyRelease 119-102

§20321 Findings

Title 34 › Subtitle II — Protection of Children and Other Persons › CHAPTER 203 — VICTIMS OF CHILD ABUSE › SUBCHAPTER II — COURT-APPOINTED SPECIAL ADVOCATE PROGRAM › § 20321

Last updated Aug 21, 2026|Official source

Summary

Recognizes that Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASAs) are trained volunteers the court can appoint to speak up for a child’s best interests in abuse or neglect cases; they may also serve as guardians ad litem (court helpers who represent the child). In 2003, CASA volunteers represented 288,000 children, which was more than 50 percent of the estimated 540,000 children in foster care because of confirmed child abuse or neglect.

Full Legal Text

Title 34, §20321

Navy, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

The Congress finds that—
(1)Court Appointed Special Advocates, who may serve as guardians ad litem, are trained volunteers appointed by courts to advocate for the best interests of children who are involved in the juvenile and family court system due to abuse or neglect; and
(2)in 2003, Court Appointed Special Advocate volunteers represented 288,000 children, more than 50 percent of the estimated 540,000 children in foster care because of substantiated cases of child abuse or neglect.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Codification Section was formerly classified to section 13011 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2006—Pars. (1), (2). Pub. L. 109–162 added pars. (1) and (2) and struck out former pars. (1) and (2), which read as follows: “(1) the National Court-Appointed Special Advocate provides training and technical assistance to a network of 13,000 volunteers in 377 programs operating in 47 States; and “(2) in 1988, these volunteers represented 40,000 children, representing approximately 15 percent of the estimated 270,000 cases of child abuse and neglect in juvenile and family courts.”

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

34 U.S.C. § 20321

Title 34, Navy

Last Updated

Aug 21, 2026

Release point: 119-102