Title 42, The Public Health and WelfareRelease 119-110

§18999 Programs to Address the Stem Workforce

Title 42 › CHAPTER 163 — RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, COMPETITION, AND INNOVATION › SUBCHAPTER III — NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE › Part B — STEM Education › § 18999

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

The Director must give scholarships, graduate fellowships and traineeships, postdoctoral awards, and other grants to help fill gaps in the STEM workforce. Awards must include undergraduate help (including community college), ways to recruit and keep students, and programs that help students earn a bachelor’s in a STEM field while still finishing high school, often working with state education agencies. The Director must also promote new kinds of postdoc training, help build a more diverse STEM workforce, and study how well these ideas work. Postdoc fellowships or short rotational postings can last up to 2 years. To qualify, a person must have earned a doctorate no more than 5 years before the posting and do research at federal, state, local, or Tribal research sites. Federal agencies may directly hire former award recipients into competitive service jobs if they meet Office of Personnel Management qualification rules, and that hiring must happen within 2 years after the person finished their fellowship or posting. The Director may use existing programs for these awards, including known postdoc and graduate fellowship programs, community college scholarships, internships, and grants to colleges to create or test new STEM programs.

Full Legal Text

Title 42, §18999

The Public Health and Welfare, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)In general
The Director shall issue undergraduate scholarships, including at community colleges, graduate fellowships and traineeships, postdoctoral awards, and, as appropriate, other awards, to address STEM workforce gaps, including for programs that recruit, retain, and advance students to a bachelor’s degree in a STEM discipline concurrent with a secondary school diploma, such as through existing and new partnerships with State educational agencies.
(b)Postdoctoral professional development
In carrying out this section, the Director shall encourage innovation in postdoctoral professional development, support the development and diversity of the STEM workforce, and study the impacts of such innovation and support. To do so, the Director may use postdoctoral awards established under subsection (a) or leveraged under subsection (d)(1) for fellowships or other temporary rotational postings of not more than 2 years. Such fellowships or temporary rotational postings shall be awarded—
(1)to qualified individuals who have a doctoral degree and received such degree not earlier than 5 years before the date that the fellowship or temporary rotational posting begins; and
(2)to carry out research at Federal, State, local, and Tribal government research facilities.
(c)Direct hire authority
(1)In general
The head of any Federal agency may appoint, without regard to the provisions of subchapter I of chapter 33 of title 5, other than section 3303 and 3328 of that title, a qualified candidate described in paragraph (2) directly to a position in the competitive service with the Federal agency for which the candidate meets Office of Personnel Management qualification standards.
(2)Fellowship or temporary rotational posting
Paragraph (1) applies with respect to a former recipient of an award under this subsection who—
(A)earned a doctoral degree in a STEM field from an institution of higher education; and
(B)successfully fulfilled the requirements of the fellowship or temporary rotational posting within a Federal agency.
(3)Limitation
The direct hire authority under this subsection shall be exercised with respect to a specific qualified candidate not later than 2 years after the date that the candidate completed the requirements related to the fellowship or temporary rotational posting described under this subsection.
(d)Existing programs
In carrying out this section, the Director may leverage existing programs, including programs that issue—
(1)postdoctoral awards;
(2)graduate fellowships and traineeships, inclusive of the NSF Research Traineeships and fellowships awarded under the Graduate Research Fellowship Program;
(3)scholarships, research experiences, and internships, including—
(A)scholarships to attend community colleges; and
(B)research experiences and internships under section 1862p–5, 1862p–6, and 1862p–7 of this title; and
(4)awards to institutions of higher education to enable the institutions to fund innovation in undergraduate and graduate education, increased educational capacity, and the development and establishment of new or specialized programs of study for graduate, undergraduate, or technical college students, and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the programs of study.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

42 U.S.C. § 18999

Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110