Title 42, The Public Health and WelfareRelease 119-110

§19053 Research Reproducibility and Replicability

Title 42 › CHAPTER 163 — RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, COMPETITION, AND INNOVATION › SUBCHAPTER III — NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE › Part E — Fundamental Research › § 19053

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

The Director must make research results—like data, software, and code—created with Foundation funding available to the public, while following existing privacy, intellectual property, and security rules. Every funding proposal must include a machine-readable data management plan that explains how the project’s data, software, and code will be archived and made accessible. The Director must provide training and resources so researchers, program officers, and reviewers can make and judge good plans and treat those plans as important. The Director must also set standards for trusted open repositories, work with others to find gaps and fund new or improved repositories, create a single public website to find those repositories, encourage depositing data when findings are published, coordinate on shared standards with publishers and agencies, and fund open tools, research on computational reproducibility, and training to improve sharing and reproducible research.

Full Legal Text

Title 42, §19053

The Public Health and Welfare, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)In general

Consistent with existing Federal law for privacy, intellectual property, and security, the Director shall facilitate public access to research products, including data, software, and code, developed as part of Foundation-supported projects.

(b)Data management plans

(1)In general

The Director shall require that every proposal for funding for research include a machine-readable data management plan that includes a description of how the awardee will archive and preserve public access to data, software, and code developed as part of the proposed project.

(2)Requirements

In carrying out the requirement in paragraph (1), the Director shall—

(A)provide necessary resources, including trainings and workshops, to educate researchers and students on how to develop and review high quality data management plans;

(B)ensure program officers and merit review panels are equipped with the resources and training necessary to review the quality of data management plans; and

(C)ensure program officers and merit review panels treat data management plans as essential elements of award proposals, where appropriate.

(c)Open repositories

The Director shall—

(1)consult with the heads of other Federal research agencies, as appropriate, and solicit input from the scientific community, to develop and widely disseminate a set of criteria for trusted open repositories to be used by Foundation-funded researchers, accounting for discipline-specific needs and necessary protections for sensitive information;

(2)work with stakeholders to identify significant gaps in available repositories meeting the criteria developed under paragraph (1) and options for supporting the development of additional or enhanced repositories;

(3)make awards on a competitive basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) for the development, upgrades, and maintenance of open data repositories that meet the criteria developed under paragraph (1);

(4)work with stakeholders and build on existing models, where appropriate, to establish a single, public, web-based point of access to help users locate repositories storing data, software, and code resulting from or used in Foundation-supported projects;

(5)work with stakeholders to establish the necessary policies and procedures and allocate the necessary resources to ensure, as practicable, data underlying published findings resulting from Foundation-supported projects are deposited in repositories meeting the criteria developed under paragraph (1) at the time of publication;

(6)incentivize the deposition of data, software, and code into repositories that meet the criteria developed under paragraph (1); and

(7)coordinate with the scientific publishing community and the heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies to support the development of voluntary consensus standards around data archiving and sharing.

(d)Research, development, and education

The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to—

(1)support research and development of open source, sustainable, usable tools and infrastructure that support reproducibility for a broad range of studies across different disciplines;

(2)support research on computational reproducibility, including the limits of reproducibility and the consistency of computational results in the development of new computation hardware, tools, and methods; and

(3)support the education and training of students, faculty, and researchers on computational methods, tools, and techniques to improve the quality and sharing of data, code, and supporting metadata to produce reproducible research.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

42 U.S.C. § 19053

Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110