Title 42, The Public Health and WelfareRelease 119-110

§1985 Conspiracy to Interfere with Civil Rights

Title 42 › CHAPTER 21 — CIVIL RIGHTS › SUBCHAPTER I — GENERALLY › § 1985

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

Makes it a crime for two or more persons in any State or Territory to plan and act together, by force, threats, intimidation, or by hiding their identity on roads or someone’s property, to stop people from getting or doing a United States government job, to push a federal officer out of the place where they must work, to hurt an officer for doing their job, or to damage an officer’s property so they cannot do their duties. It also bans plans to stop or frighten parties, witnesses, or jurors from going to federal court, testifying, or deciding cases, or to interfere with the course of justice with the goal of denying people equal protection under the law. If anyone is injured or loses a citizen right because of such a plan and someone does something to carry it out, the injured person can sue the conspirators for damages.

Full Legal Text

Title 42, §1985

The Public Health and Welfare, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(1)Preventing officer from performing duties
If two or more persons in any State or Territory conspire to prevent, by force, intimidation, or threat, any person from accepting or holding any office, trust, or place of confidence under the United States, or from discharging any duties thereof; or to induce by like means any officer of the United States to leave any State, district, or place, where his duties as an officer are required to be performed, or to injure him in his person or property on account of his lawful discharge of the duties of his office, or while engaged in the lawful discharge thereof, or to injure his property so as to molest, interrupt, hinder, or impede him in the discharge of his official duties;
(2)Obstructing justice; intimidating party, witness, or juror (3) Depriving persons of rights or privileges
If two or more persons in any State or Territory conspire to deter, by force, intimidation, or threat, any party or witness in any court of the United States from attending such court, or from testifying to any matter pending therein, freely, fully, and truthfully, or to injure such party or witness in his person or property on account of his having so attended or testified, or to influence the verdict, presentment, or indictment of any grand or petit juror in any such court, or to injure such juror in his person or property on account of any verdict, presentment, or indictment lawfully assented to by him, or of his being or having been such juror; or if two or more persons conspire for the purpose of impeding, hindering, obstructing, or defeating, in any manner, the due course of justice in any State or Territory, with intent to deny to any citizen the equal protection of the laws, or to injure him or his property for lawfully enforcing, or attempting to enforce, the right of any person, or class of persons, to the equal protection of the laws;

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Codification R.S. § 1980 derived from acts July 31, 1861, ch. 33, 12 Stat. 284; Apr. 20, 1871, ch. 22, § 2, 17 Stat. 13. Section was formerly classified to section 47 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

42 U.S.C. § 1985

Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110