§2153b Export Policies Relating to Peaceful Nuclear Activities and International Nuclear Trade

Summary

The President must quickly work to get every country to agree to rules for exporting nuclear materials, equipment, and sensitive nuclear technology for peaceful use. Any country that accepts such transfers must promise not to use them to make or research nuclear explosive devices (except as allowed by Article V of the Treaty), to accept IAEA safeguards on all peaceful nuclear activities, to keep strong physical security, not send those items to countries that refuse the same promises, and not help countries without nuclear weapons to get or make nuclear explosive devices. Enriching or reprocessing source or special nuclear material, changing irradiated fuel, or making or storing plutonium, uranium‑233, or uranium enriched above 20 percent U‑235 can only happen in facilities under international oversight and inspection. Those facilities should be few, carefully located, and run to reduce spread and environmental risk, and other non‑nuclear‑weapon countries should have limited access to the sensitive technology. Short‑term storage of such fuels or irradiated fuel before transfer must also be under international oversight. All countries must keep adequate physical security for nuclear activities and for international shipments of significant amounts of such material. U.S. military activities are not required to be under international control.