Title 43, Public LandsRelease 119-102

§991 Title of Purchasers of Unconfirmed Lands in Arkansas Confirmed

Title 43 › CHAPTER 23 — GRANTS OF SWAMP AND OVERFLOWED LANDS › § 991

Last updated Aug 21, 2026|Official source

Summary

Confirms that anyone who, on April 29, 1898, had bought unconfirmed swamp land from the State of Arkansas and held deeds has a valid title that cannot be challenged by the United States, and those buyers or their heirs or assigns do not have to pay any money to the United States or to Arkansas for that land. Arkansas gives up to the United States any rights it had in lands confirmed, certified, or patented to the State before April 29, 1898, and also gives up its rights under the Acts of September 28, 1850; March 2, 1855; and March 3, 1857, in lands previously granted or patented by the United States. The people who received those lands, and their heirs or assigns, keep their confirmed titles. The law only took effect after Arkansas approved it in writing or by its legislature and filed that approval with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of the Interior within one year of April 29, 1898; because the Arkansas legislature accepted it on March 10, 1897, the law was effective from April 29, 1898.

Full Legal Text

Title 43, §991

Public Lands, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

The title of all persons who had, on April 29, 1898, purchased from the State of Arkansas any unconfirmed swamp land and held deeds for the same, is confirmed and made valid as against any claim or right of the United States, and without the payment by said persons, their heirs or assigns, of any sum whatever to the United States or to the State or Arkansas. The State of Arkansas does hereby relinquish and quitclaim to the United States all lands prior to April 29, 1898, confirmed, certified, or patented to the State which have been entered under the public land laws; and does cede, relinquish, and quitclaim to the United States all right, title, and interest under the Acts of September 28, 1850, March 2, 1855, and March 3, 1857, in and to all lands in the State which have been heretofore granted, confirmed, certified, or patented by the United States under any other Acts, and the title to such lands is confirmed in the grantees, their heirs, successors, or assigns, anything in this section or any other Act to the contrary notwithstanding: Provided, That this section shall be of no force or effect until the State of Arkansas shall have accepted and approved the conditions, limitations, and provisions herein contained by an act of the general assembly or by an instrument in writing duly executed by the governor under the authority conferred upon him by the legislature of said State, and filed with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of the Interior within one year from April 29, 1898: Provided further, That whereas the General Assembly of the State of Arkansas did, on the 10th day of March, 1897, accept and approve the conditions, limitations, and provisions herein contained before April 29, 1898, making the same effective and conclusive, therefore this section shall be in full force and effect from and after April 29, 1898.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Act of
September 28, 1850, referred to in text, is act Sept. 28, 1850, ch. 84, 9 Stat. 519, which is not classified to the Code. Act of
March 2, 1855, referred to in text, is act Mar. 2, 1855, ch. 147, 10 Stat. 634, which is not classified to the Code. Act of
March 3, 1857, referred to in text, is act Mar. 3, 1857, ch. 117, 11 Stat. 251, which is not classified to the Code.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

43 U.S.C. § 991

Title 43, Public Lands

Last Updated

Aug 21, 2026

Release point: 119-102