Title 45RailroadsRelease 119-73not60

§159 Award and Judgment Thereon; Effect of Chapter on Individual Employee

Title 45 › Chapter 8— RAILWAY LABOR › Subchapter I— GENERAL PROVISIONS › § 159

Last updated Apr 5, 2026|Official source

Summary

When an arbitration board gives an award and it is properly acknowledged, that award must be filed in the clerk’s office of the district court named in the arbitration agreement. If no challenge is filed within 10 days after filing, the court must enter judgment on the award and the award stands as the final decision. A challenge can only be made for limited reasons: the award or the process did not follow the rules of this chapter, the award ignored the arbitration agreement, or fraud or corruption by an arbitrator or a party affected the result. A court cannot throw out an award just because it is unclear; unclear awards must be sent back to the board for interpretation. Courts should favor keeping awards valid and not cancel them for small paperwork errors. If part of an award is invalid, the court will usually set aside the whole award unless the parties agree and the valid parts can be separated, in which case the court may keep the valid part. Either side may appeal the district court’s decision within 10 days to the court of appeals. The appeals court’s decision is final and the district court will enter judgment accordingly. If a challenger wins, the award can be set aside in whole or in part, and the parties may agree on a final judgment that has the same force as the award. No one can be forced to work against their will, and quitting is not made illegal by this chapter.

Full Legal Text

Title 45, §159

Railroads — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

First. Filing of award The award of a board of arbitration, having been acknowledged as herein provided, shall be filed in the clerk’s office of the district court designated in the agreement to arbitrate. Second. Conclusiveness of award; judgment An award acknowledged and filed as herein provided shall be conclusive on the parties as to the merits and facts of the controversy submitted to arbitration, and unless, within ten days after the filing of the award, a petition to impeach the award, on the grounds hereinafter set forth, shall be filed in the clerk’s office of the court in which the award has been filed, the court shall enter judgment on the award, which judgment shall be final and conclusive on the parties. Third. Impeachment of award; grounds Such petition for the impeachment or contesting of any award so filed shall be entertained by the court only on one or more of the following grounds: (a) That the award plainly does not conform to the substantive requirements laid down by this chapter for such awards, or that the proceedings were not substantially in conformity with this chapter; (b) That the award does not conform, nor confine itself, to the stipulations of the agreement to arbitrate; or (c) That a member of the board of arbitration rendering the award was guilty of fraud or corruption; or that a party to the arbitration practiced fraud or corruption which fraud or corruption affected the result of the arbitration: Provided, however, That no court shall entertain any such petition on the ground that an award is invalid for uncertainty; in such case the proper remedy shall be a submission of such award to a reconvened board, or subcommittee thereof, for interpretation, as provided by this chapter: Provided further, That an award contested as herein provided shall be construed liberally by the court, with a view to favoring its validity, and that no award shall be set aside for trivial irregularity or clerical error, going only to form and not to substance. Fourth. Effect of partial invalidity of award If the court shall determine that a part of the award is invalid on some ground or grounds designated in this section as a ground of invalidity, but shall determine that a part of the award is valid, the court shall set aside the entire award: Provided, however, That, if the parties shall agree thereto, and if such valid and invalid parts are separable, the court shall set aside the invalid part, and order judgment to stand as to the valid part. Fifth. Appeal; record At the expiration of 10 days from the decision of the district court upon the petition filed as aforesaid, final judgment shall be entered in accordance with said decision, unless during said 10 days either party shall appeal therefrom to the court of appeals. In such case only such portion of the record shall be transmitted to the appellate court as is necessary to the proper understanding and consideration of the questions of law presented by said petition and to be decided. Sixth. Finality of decision of court of appeals The determination of said court of appeals upon said questions shall be final, and, being certified by the clerk thereof to said district court, judgment pursuant thereto shall thereupon be entered by said district court. Seventh. Judgment where petitioner’s contentions are sustained If the petitioner’s contentions are finally sustained, judgment shall be entered setting aside the award in whole or, if the parties so agree, in part; but in such case the parties may agree upon a judgment to be entered disposing of the subject matter of the controversy, which judgment when entered shall have the same force and effect as judgment entered upon an award. Eighth. Duty of employee to render service without consent; right to quit Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to require an individual employee to render labor or service without his consent, nor shall anything in this chapter be construed to make the quitting of his labor or service by an individual employee an illegal act; nor shall any court issue any process to compel the performance by an individual employee of such labor or service, without his consent.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Codification As originally enacted, pars. Fifth and Sixth contained references to the “circuit court of appeals”. Act
June 25, 1948, as amended by act
May 24, 1949, substituted “court of appeals” for “circuit court of appeals”.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

45 U.S.C. § 159

Title 45Railroads

Last Updated

Apr 5, 2026

Release point: 119-73not60