§1134 — Title 49 Transportation | U.S. Code

Summary

The National Transportation Safety Board can send staff who show ID and a written notice to go onto property where a transportation accident happened or where wreckage is. They can do what is needed to investigate. During reasonable hours they can inspect records, including electronic records, and look at processes, controls, or facilities tied to the accident. For aircraft crashes, the Board may inspect and test any civil airplane, engine, propeller, appliance, or items on the plane. Those things must be kept as they are and can only be moved under the Board’s rules. Board staff may also examine or test vehicles, vessels, train parts, tracks, or pipelines. They must not cause unnecessary disruption and must try to preserve evidence while working with owners or operators. The Board alone decides how tests are done, who will do them, and who may watch. Tests must start and finish quickly and the results must be shared. The Board may order autopsies and other tests when needed, must respect local religious rules about autopsies as far as the investigation allows, and may get copies of local autopsy reports with or without paying. The Board can require operators, equipment makers, and their vendors or related companies to give recorders or recordings, prompt help to read them, and design or performance data needed to run independent physics-based simulations and analyses.

Title 49, §1134

Transportation — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)An officer or employee of the National Transportation Safety Board—

(1)on display of appropriate credentials and written notice of inspection authority, may enter property where a transportation accident has occurred or wreckage from the accident is located and do anything necessary to conduct an investigation; and

(2)during reasonable hours, may inspect any record, including an electronic record, process, control, or facility related to an accident investigation under this chapter.

(b)(1)In investigating an aircraft accident under this chapter, the Board may inspect and test, to the extent necessary, any civil aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, or property on an aircraft involved in an accident in air commerce.

(2)Any civil aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, or property on an aircraft involved in an accident in air commerce shall be preserved, and may be moved, only as provided by regulations of the Board.

(c)In carrying out subsection (a)(1) of this section, an officer or employee may examine or test any vehicle, vessel, rolling stock, track, or pipeline component. The examination or test shall be conducted in a way that—

(1)does not interfere unnecessarily with transportation services provided by the owner or operator of the vehicle, vessel, rolling stock, track, or pipeline component; and

(2)to the maximum extent feasible, preserves evidence related to the accident, consistent with the needs of the investigation and with the cooperation of that owner or operator.

(d)Only the Board has the authority to decide on the way in which testing under this section will be conducted, including decisions on the person that will conduct the test, the type of test that will be conducted, and any individual who will witness the test. Those decisions are committed to the discretion of the Board. The Board shall make any of those decisions based on the needs of the investigation being conducted and, when applicable, subsections (a), (c), and (e) of this section.

(e)An inspection, examination, or test under subsection (a) or (c) of this section shall be started and completed promptly, and the results shall be made available.

(f)(1)The Board may order an autopsy to be performed and have other tests made when necessary to investigate an accident under this chapter. However, local law protecting religious beliefs related to autopsies shall be observed to the extent consistent with the needs of the accident investigation.

(2)With or without reimbursement, the Board may obtain a copy of an autopsy report performed by a State or local official on an individual who died because of a transportation accident investigated by the Board under this chapter.

(g)In investigating an accident under this chapter, the Board may require from a transportation operator or equipment manufacturer or the vendors, suppliers, subsidiaries, or parent companies of such manufacturer, or operator of a product or service which is subject to an investigation by the Board—

(1)any recorder or recorded information pertinent to the accident;

(2)without undue delay, information the Board determines necessary to enable the Board to read and interpret any recording device or recorded information pertinent to the accident; and

(3)design specifications or data related to the operation and performance of the equipment the Board determines necessary to enable the Board to perform independent physics-based simulations and analyses of the accident situation.

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 1134(a)49 App.:1903(b)(2) (1st sentence words before 3d comma, 3d sentence).Jan. 3, 1975, Pub. L. 93–633, § 304(b)(2), 88 Stat. 2170; Nov. 3, 1981, Pub. L. 97–74, § 5, 95 Stat. 1065; Nov. 28, 1990, Pub. L. 101–641, § 3, 104 Stat. 4654. 1134(b)49 App.:1441(c) (2d sentence), (d).Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, § 701(c) (2d, last sentences), (d), 72 Stat. 781; Oct. 15, 1962, Pub. L. 87–810, §§ 1, 2, 76 Stat. 921. 49 App.:1655(d) (1st sentence).Oct. 15, 1966, Pub. L. 89–670, § 6(d) (1st sentence), 80 Stat. 938. 49 App.:1903(a)(1)(A).Jan. 3, 1975, Pub. L. 93–633, § 304(a)(1)(A), (b)(5), 88 Stat. 2168, 2170. 1134(c)49 App.:1903(b)(2) (1st sentence words after 3d comma, 2d sentence). 1134(d)49 App.:1903(b)(2) (5th, last sentences). 1134(e)49 App.:1903(b)(2) (4th sentence). 1134(f)49 App.:1441(c) (last sentence). 49 App.:1655(d) (1st sentence). 49 App.:1903(a)(1)(A), (b)(5). In subsection (a), before clause (1), the word “officer” is added for consistency in the revised title. In subsection (b)(1), the words “investigating an aircraft accident” are substituted for “carrying out its duties” in 49 App.:1441(c) for clarity. The words “inspect and test” are substituted for “examine and test” for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. In subsection (c), before clause (1), the words “In carrying out subsection (a)(1) of this section, an officer or employee” are added because of the restatement. The words “or any part of any such item” are omitted as surplus. The words “when such examination or testing is determined to be required for purposes of such investigation” are omitted as unnecessary because of the words “do anything necessary to conduct an investigation” in subsection (a)(1) of this section. In clause (1), the word “obstruct” is omitted as being included in “interfere”. In subsection (d), the word “individuals” is substituted for “persons” the 2d time that word is used for clarity. The words “The Board shall make any of those decisions” are substituted for “and shall be made” because of the restatement. In subsection (e), the word “promptly” is substituted for “with reasonable promptness” to eliminate unnecessary words. In subsection (f)(1), the words “In the case of any fatal accident” in 49 App.:1441(c) are omitted as surplus. The words “to examine the remains of any deceased person aboard the aircraft at the time of the accident, who dies as a result of the accident” are omitted as unnecessary because of the authority of the Board to conduct autopsies.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2024—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 118–63 added subsec. (g). 2018—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 115–254 inserted “including an electronic record,” after “record,”.

§1134 Inspections and Autopsies