Title 50, War and National DefenseRelease 119-110

§3121 Protection of Identities of Certain United States Undercover Intelligence Officers, Agents, Informants, and Sources

Title 50 › CHAPTER 44 — NATIONAL SECURITY › SUBCHAPTER IV — PROTECTION OF CERTAIN NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION › § 3121

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

Makes it a crime to reveal the identity of a covert agent to people who are not allowed to get classified information, when the person revealing it knew the agent was undercover and that the U.S. was taking steps to hide that relationship. Someone who had or has authorized access to classified information and intentionally tells an unauthorized person who the covert agent is can be fined under Title 18, put in prison for up to 15 years, or both. If a person learns the agent’s identity because they had access to classified information and then intentionally tells an unauthorized person, the penalty is a fine under Title 18, up to 10 years in prison, or both. If someone acts in a pattern to find and expose covert agents and, knowing this could harm U.S. intelligence, reveals an agent’s identity to an unauthorized person, the penalty is a fine under Title 18, up to 3 years in prison, or both. Any jail time under these rules must be served after any other prison sentence.

Full Legal Text

Title 50, §3121

War and National Defense, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Disclosure of information by persons having or having had access to classified information that identifies covert agent
Whoever, having or having had authorized access to classified information that identifies a covert agent, intentionally discloses any information identifying such covert agent to any individual not authorized to receive classified information, knowing that the information disclosed so identifies such covert agent and that the United States is taking affirmative measures to conceal such covert agent’s intelligence relationship to the United States, shall be fined under title 18 or imprisoned not more than 15 years, or both.
(b)Disclosure of information by persons who learn identity of covert agents as result of having access to classified information
Whoever, as a result of having authorized access to classified information, learns the identity of a covert agent and intentionally discloses any information identifying such covert agent to any individual not authorized to receive classified information, knowing that the information disclosed so identifies such covert agent and that the United States is taking affirmative measures to conceal such covert agent’s intelligence relationship to the United States, shall be fined under title 18 or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.
(c)Disclosure of information by persons in course of pattern of activities intended to identify and expose covert agents
Whoever, in the course of a pattern of activities intended to identify and expose covert agents and with reason to believe that such activities would impair or impede the foreign intelligence activities of the United States, discloses any information that identifies an individual as a covert agent to any individual not authorized to receive classified information, knowing that the information disclosed so identifies such individual and that the United States is taking affirmative measures to conceal such individual’s classified intelligence relationship to the United States, shall be fined under title 18 or imprisoned not more than three years, or both.
(d)Imposition of consecutive sentences
A term of imprisonment imposed under this section shall be consecutive to any other sentence of imprisonment.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Codification Section was formerly classified to section 421 of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.

Amendments

2010—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–259, § 363(a)(1), substituted “15 years” for “ten years”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111–259, § 363(a)(2), substituted “10 years” for “five years”. 1999—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–120, § 304(b)(2)(A), substituted “shall be fined under title 18” for “shall be fined not more than $50,000”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 106–120, § 304(b)(2)(B), substituted “shall be fined under title 18” for “shall be fined not more than $25,000”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 106–120, § 304(b)(2)(C), substituted “shall be fined under title 18” for “shall be fined not more than $15,000”. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 106–120, § 304(b)(1), added subsec. (d).

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

50 U.S.C. § 3121

Title 50, War and National Defense

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110