Title 7, AgricultureRelease 119-110

§19 Consideration of Costs and Benefits and Antitrust Laws

Title 7 › CHAPTER 1 — COMMODITY EXCHANGES › § 19

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

Before creating a rule or issuing an order under this law, the Commission must weigh the costs and benefits of the action. It must look at how the action affects people who use the markets and the public, how it affects market efficiency, competition, and the markets’ financial health, how it affects price discovery, whether it supports good risk management, and other public interest concerns. This review is not required for orders tied to investigations or hearings, for emergency actions, or for simple factual findings about compliance. The Commission must also consider the public interest protected by antitrust laws and try to use the least anticompetitive approach when making any rule, order, or exemption (including exemptions under sections 6(c) or 6c(b)), or when approving bylaws or rules of a contract market or registered futures association under section 21.

Full Legal Text

Title 7, §19

Agriculture, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Costs and benefits
(1)In general
Before promulgating a regulation under this chapter or issuing an order (except as provided in paragraph (3)), the Commission shall consider the costs and benefits of the action of the Commission.
(2)Considerations
The costs and benefits of the proposed Commission action shall be evaluated in light of— (A)
(B)considerations of the efficiency, competitiveness, and financial integrity of futures markets;
(C)considerations of price discovery;
(D)considerations of sound risk management practices; and
(E)other public interest considerations.
(3)Applicability
This subsection does not apply to the following actions of the Commission:
(A)An order that initiates, is part of, or is the result of an adjudicatory or investigative process of the Commission.
(B)An emergency action.
(C)A finding of fact regarding compliance with a requirement of the Commission.
(b)Antitrust laws
The Commission shall take into consideration the public interest to be protected by the antitrust laws and endeavor to take the least anticompetitive means of achieving the objectives of this chapter, as well as the policies and purposes of this chapter, in issuing any order or adopting any Commission rule or regulation (including any exemption under section 6(c) or 6c(b) of this title), or in requiring or approving any bylaw, rule, or regulation of a contract market or registered futures association established pursuant to section 21 of this title.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2000—Pub. L. 106–554 inserted section catchline, added subsec. (a), designated existing provisions as subsec. (b), and inserted subsec. (b) heading. 1992—Pub. L. 102–546 substituted “regulation (including any exemption under section 6(c) or 6c(b) of this title)” for “regulation”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

For

Effective Date

of section, see section 418 of Pub. L. 93–463, set out as an

Effective Date

of 1974 Amendment note under section 2 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

7 U.S.C. § 19

Title 7, Agriculture

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110