AFIDA Improvements Act of 2025
Sponsored By: Representative Bacon, Don [R-NE-2]
Introduced
Summary
Strengthening foreign-ownership reporting for U.S. agricultural land, this bill would lower the reporting trigger and boost enforcement, data validation, and interagency sharing to better track foreign stakes in farmland.
Show full summary
- Farmers and landowners: Owners would have to report when any foreign person holds at least a 1 percent interest, including aggregated stakes held through layered ownership structures.
- Federal enforcement and program offices: The Farm Production and Conservation Business Center would gain explicit authority to validate AFIDA data, ensure compliance, and identify individuals for potential civil penalties.
- Oversight and process improvements: The Secretary would be required to set up memoranda of understanding with the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States within 1 year, update the AFIDA handbook within 1 year and every 10 years after, and analyze or develop a timeline for an electronic submission and retention process if one is not established within 1 year.
Your PRIA Score
Personalized for You
How does this bill affect your finances?
Sign up for a PRIA Policy Scan to see your personalized alignment score for this bill and every other piece of legislation we track. We analyze your financial profile against policy provisions to show you exactly what matters to your wallet.
Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
2 provisions identified: 0 benefits, 2 costs, 0 mixed.
New 1% reporting rule for foreign landowners
If enacted, foreign landowners would face a new 1% reporting rule. In deals with multiple foreign parties, each with at least 1% would have to file. The 1% can be direct or added up through company layers. Security interests would be excluded. USDA’s FPAC-BC would check and fix AFIDA data and enforce this rule. FPAC-BC, with the Farm Service Agency, would also look for violations that can bring civil penalties. These duties would start upon enactment.
USDA to share land reports with CFIUS
If enacted, USDA would sign an agreement with the foreign investment committee (CFIUS) within one year. USDA would give CFIUS every AFIDA land report. It would also share the filer’s name and the date filed. People who file AFIDA reports would have this identifying information shared.
Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Bacon, Don [R-NE-2]
NE • R
Cosponsors
Rep. Alford, Mark [R-MO-4]
MO • R
Sponsored 7/14/2025
Bost
IL • R
Sponsored 7/14/2025
Rep. Finstad, Brad [R-MN-1]
MN • R
Sponsored 7/14/2025
Rep. Hinson, Ashley [R-IA-2]
IA • R
Sponsored 7/14/2025
Rep. Newhouse, Dan [R-WA-4]
WA • R
Sponsored 7/14/2025
Rep. Houlahan, Chrissy [D-PA-6]
PA • D
Sponsored 7/14/2025
Rep. Panetta, Jimmy [D-CA-19]
CA • D
Sponsored 7/14/2025
Cuellar
TX • D
Sponsored 7/14/2025
Rep. Carbajal, Salud O. [D-CA-24]
CA • D
Sponsored 7/14/2025
Rep. Vindman, Eugene Simon [D-VA-7]
VA • D
Sponsored 7/29/2025
Mills
FL • R
Sponsored 10/24/2025
Davis (NC)
NC • D
Sponsored 3/3/2026
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
View on Congress.gov