Resident Physician Shortage Reduction Act of 2025
Sponsored By: Senator John Boozman
Introduced
Summary
Expands residency positions to reduce physician shortages. The bill would create a new, discrete pool of residency slots with about 2,000 positions available each year from fiscal year 2027 through 2033 and a backstop to reach at least 14,000 total slots.
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- Hospitals: Qualifying hospitals would be allowed to raise their resident limits and could receive up to 75 additional full-time equivalent residency positions over 2027–2033.
- Rural and underserved hospitals: At least 10 percent of the positions would be reserved for categories such as rural hospitals and hospitals serving Health Professional Shortage Areas, with priority for hospitals affiliated with historically Black medical schools.
- Residents and training funding: Hospitals must add the new slots to approved residency programs. Medicare would treat payment amounts for these positions like the hospital’s existing per-resident rates and indirect medical education calculations would apply for discharges on or after July 1, 2027.
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
4 provisions identified: 3 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.
How Medicare pays for new slots
This bill would treat per‑resident payment amounts for the new slots as equal to each hospital's existing per‑resident amounts for primary and nonprimary care. For discharges on or after July 1, 2027, any IME payment tied to these slots would be computed the same way as current IME rules.
Minimum slots for priority hospitals
This bill would require at least 10% of the available slots each round go to each of four hospital groups. The groups include rural and sole community hospitals, hospitals whose reference resident level is above their limit, hospitals tied to new state medical schools or branch campuses, and hospitals serving Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSAs). When awarding HPSA slots, priority would go to hospitals affiliated with the named historically Black medical schools.
More residency slots for hospitals
This bill would add 2,000 extra residency slots each fiscal year from FY2027 through FY2033. HHS would run one application round each year and notify hospitals by January 31. New slots would apply to cost periods starting on or after July 1 of that fiscal year. Unused slots in a year would roll over to the next year. If fewer than 14,000 slots are distributed by the end of FY2033, HHS would keep running rounds until 14,000 are given. A hospital could get up to 75 extra slots total unless HHS raises that cap.
Hospitals must add and later count slots
This bill would require a hospital to agree to add the same number of full‑time resident positions before it can get a higher resident limit. Beginning in the fifth year after the increase takes effect, hospitals could count these new positions when combining limits across affiliated hospitals.
Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
John Boozman
AR • R
Cosponsors
Raphael Warnock
GA • D
Sponsored 7/24/2025
Susan Collins
ME • R
Sponsored 7/24/2025
Charles Schumer
NY • D
Sponsored 7/24/2025
Kirsten Gillibrand
NY • D
Sponsored 7/24/2025
Jacky Rosen
NV • D
Sponsored 7/24/2025
Amy Klobuchar
MN • D
Sponsored 7/24/2025
Angus King
ME • I
Sponsored 7/24/2025
Ruben Gallego
AZ • D
Sponsored 7/24/2025
Peter Welch
VT • D
Sponsored 7/24/2025
Elissa Slotkin
MI • D
Sponsored 7/24/2025
Richard Durbin
IL • D
Sponsored 7/24/2025
Mark Kelly
AZ • D
Sponsored 7/28/2025
Cory Booker
NJ • D
Sponsored 7/28/2025
Tommy Tuberville
AL • R
Sponsored 9/30/2025
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
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