Title 10Armed ForcesRelease 119-73

§974 Military musical units and musicians: performance policies; restriction on performance in competition with local civilian musicians

Title 10 › Subtitle Subtitle A— - General Military Law › Part PART II— - PERSONNEL › Chapter CHAPTER 49— - MISCELLANEOUS PROHIBITIONS AND PENALTIES › § 974

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Military music groups and service members performing in an official role must not perform in ways that compete with local civilian musicians. That rule covers performances that are more than incidental at events that are not paid for by the U.S. Government and are not free to the public, and it covers background, dinner, dance, or other social music at off‑base events that are not government funded. Exceptions include performances at official government‑funded events; patriotic or national‑holiday concerts, parades, or celebrations that are free to the public; incidental music at otherwise private or unfunded events; events run by military welfare societies or traditional military morale events or events for the benefit or recognition of service members, their families, veterans, or DoD civilian employees (as allowed by rules); and performances for dignitaries or to support good relations with other nations. The competition ban does not apply to performances outside the United States, its commonwealths, or possessions. Members may not be paid for an official performance beyond their normal military pay and allowances. With Secretary of Defense approval under Department rules, a military musical unit may sell recordings to the public only at prices that cover production and distribution costs; money from sales must go back into the account that paid for the recording and be used the same way. The appropriate Secretary may accept gifts of money, property, or services to benefit a military musical unit; money gifts go into the unit’s account and are used the same way as that account. "Military musical unit" means a band, ensemble, chorus, or similar military music group.

Full Legal Text

Title 10, §974

Armed Forces — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)(1)A military musical unit, and a member of the armed forces who is a member of such a unit performing in an official capacity, may not engage in the performance of music in competition with local civilian musicians.
(2)For purposes of paragraph (1), the following shall, except as provided in paragraph (3), be included among the performances that are considered to be a performance of music in competition with local civilian musicians:
(A)A performance that is more than incidental to an event that—
(i)is not supported, in whole or in part, by United States Government funds; and
(ii)is not free to the public.
(B)A performance of background, dinner, dance, or other social music at an event that—
(i)is not supported, in whole or in part, by United States Government funds; and
(ii)is held at a location not on a military installation.
(3)For purposes of paragraph (1), the following shall not be considered to be a performance of music in competition with local civilian musicians:
(A)A performance (including background, dinner, dance, or other social music) at an official United States Government event that is supported, in whole or in part, by United States Government funds.
(B)A performance at a concert, parade, or other event, that—
(i)is a patriotic event or a celebration of a national holiday; and
(ii)is free to the public.
(C)A performance that is incidental to an event that—
(i)is not supported, in whole or in part, by United States Government funds; or
(ii)is not free to the public.
(D)A performance (including background, dinner, dance, or other social music) at—
(i)an event that is sponsored by a military welfare society, as defined in section 2566 of this title;
(ii)an event that is a traditional military event intended to foster the morale and welfare of members of the armed forces and their families; or
(iii)an event that is specifically for the benefit or recognition of members of the armed forces, their family members, veterans, civilian employees of the Department of Defense, or former civilian employees of the Department of Defense, to the extent provided in regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense.
(E)A performance (including background, dinner, dance, or other social music)—
(i)to uphold the standing and prestige of the United States with dignitaries and distinguished or prominent persons or groups of the United States or another nation; or
(ii)in support of fostering and sustaining a cooperative relationship with another nation.
(b)A military musical unit, and a member of the armed forces who is a member of such a unit performing in an official capacity, may not receive remuneration for an official performance, other than applicable military pay and allowances.
(c)(1)When authorized under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense for purposes of this section, a military musical unit may produce recordings for distribution to the public, at a cost not to exceed expenses of production and distribution.
(2)Amounts received in payment for a recording distributed to the public under this subsection shall be credited to the appropriation or account providing the funds for the production of the recording. Any amount so credited shall be merged with amounts in the appropriation or account to which credited, and shall be available for the same purposes, and subject to the same conditions and limitations, as amounts in such appropriation or account.
(d)(1)The Secretary concerned may accept contributions of money, personal property, or services on the condition that such money, property, or services be used for the benefit of a military musical unit under the jurisdiction of the Secretary.
(2)Any contribution of money under paragraph (1) shall be credited to the appropriation or account providing the funds for such military musical unit. Any amount so credited shall be merged with amounts in the appropriation or account to which credited, and shall be available for the same purposes, and subject to the same conditions and limitations, as amounts in such appropriation or account.
(e)Subsection (a) does not apply to a performance outside the United States, its commonwealths, or its possessions.
(f)In this section, the term “military musical unit” means a band, ensemble, chorus, or similar musical unit of the armed forces.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 974, added Pub. L. 90–235, § 6(a)(6)(A), Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 762; amended Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title III, § 327(e), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1532, related to civilian employment by enlisted members, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title V, § 569(a), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2032.

Amendments

2017—Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 115–91 struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “Not later than January 30 of each year, the Secretary concerned shall submit to Congress a report on any contributions of money, personal property, and services accepted under paragraph (1) during the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year during which the report is submitted.” 2013—Subsecs. (d) to (f). Pub. L. 113–66 added subsec. (d) and redesignated former subsecs. (d) and (e) as (e) and (f), respectively. 2009—Pub. L. 111–84 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to uniform performance policies for military bands and other musical units.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

10 U.S.C. § 974

Title 10Armed Forces

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73