Title 20EducationRelease 119-73

§1087rr Regulations; updated tables

Title 20 › Chapter CHAPTER 28— - HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - STUDENT ASSISTANCE › Part Part F— - Need Analysis › § 1087rr

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

The Secretary must only make two kinds of rules for this part: update certain tables, and set the definition of "cost of attendance" under section 1087ll except for 1087ll(a)(1). Starting with award year 2023–2024 and every year after, the Secretary must publish updated tables in the Federal Register that adjust multiple dollar amounts by changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) from April 2020 to the April before the award year. Income protection and employment expense amounts are increased by that CPI change and rounded to the nearest $10. Adjusted available income tables are increased by that CPI change and rounded to the nearest $100. The farm/business net worth table uses ranges that stop at $140,000, $415,000, and $695,000 and applies formulas (40% of net worth; $56,000 + 50% of net worth over $140,000; $193,500 + 60% over $415,000; $361,500 + 100% over $695,000); that table is updated by the CPI change and rounded to the nearest $5,000. A separate table of annuity-based allowances is published using the present value (rounded to the nearest $100) needed to give people age 65 a supplemental income equal to the gap between a "moderate family income" and average Social Security benefits; ages under 40 get a reduced allowance by one-fifteenth per year below 40, rounded to the nearest $100. When making these tables, the Secretary treats the tables as if they started in award year 2021–2022 for inflation, assumes 6% annual inflation, an 8% annuity rate of return, and a 6% annuity sales commission. The CPI named is the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers from the Department of Labor, and annual updates must correct past misestimates. For award year 2023–2024 the Secretary must set these adjusted amounts, using the existing section figures only as a baseline.

Full Legal Text

Title 20, §1087rr

Education — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary shall not have the authority to prescribe regulations to carry out this part except—
(1)to prescribe updated tables in accordance with subsections (b) through (g); and
(2)with respect to the definition of cost of attendance under section 1087ll of this title, excluding section 1087ll(a)(1) of this title.
(b)For award year 2023–2024 and each subsequent award year, the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register revised income protection allowances for the purposes of subsections (c)(3) and (g)(2)(C) of section 1087oo of this title, subclauses (I) and (II) of section 1087pp(b)(1)(A)(iii) of this title, and section 1087qq(b)(3) of this title, by increasing the income protection allowances in each of such provisions, by a percentage equal to the percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index, as defined in subsection (f), between April 2020 and the April in the year prior to the beginning of the award year and rounding the result to the nearest $10.
(c)(1)The table of the net worth of a farm or business for purposes of making determinations of assets as defined under section 1087vv(f) of this title is the following: Farm/Business Net Worth Adjustment If the net worth of a farm or business is—Then the adjusted net worth is— Less than $1$0 $1 to $140,00040% of net worth of farm/business $140,001 to $415,000$56,000 + 50% of net worth over $140,000 $415,001 to $695,000$193,500 + 60% of net worth over $415,000 $695,001 or more$361,500 + 100% of net worth over $695,000.
(2)For award year 2023–2024 and each subsequent award year, the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register a revised table of the adjusted net worth of a farm or business for purposes of section 1087vv(f) of this title. Such revised table shall be developed—
(A)by increasing each dollar amount that refers to net worth of a farm or business by a percentage equal to the percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index between April 2020 and the April in the year prior to the beginning of such award year, and rounding the result to the nearest $5,000; and
(B)by adjusting the dollar amounts in the column referring to the adjusted net worth to reflect the changes made pursuant to subparagraph (A).
(d)For award year 2023–2024 and each subsequent award year, the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register a revised table of allowances for the purpose of section 1087oo(d)(2), 1087pp(c)(2), and 1087qq(c)(2) of this title. Such revised table shall be developed by determining the present value cost, rounded to the nearest $100, of an annuity that would provide, for each age cohort of 40 and above, a supplemental income at age 65 (adjusted for inflation) equal to the difference between the moderate family income (as most recently determined by the Bureau of Labor Statistics), and the current average social security retirement benefits. For each age cohort below 40, the allowance shall be computed by decreasing the allowance for age 40, as updated, by one-fifteenth for each year of age below age 40 and rounding the result to the nearest $100. In making such determinations—
(1)the tables of allowances specified in section 1087oo(d)(2), 1087pp(c)(2), and 1087qq(c)(2) of this title shall be considered to be for award year 2021–2022 for the purposes of calculating inflation;
(2)inflation shall be presumed to be 6 percent per year;
(3)the rate of return of an annuity shall be presumed to be 8 percent; and
(4)the sales commission on an annuity shall be presumed to be 6 percent.
(e)For award year 2023–2024 and each subsequent award year, the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register a revised table of assessments from adjusted available income for the purpose of section 1087oo(e) and 1087qq(d) of this title. Such revised table shall be developed—
(1)by increasing each dollar amount that refers to adjusted available income by a percentage equal to the percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index between April 2020 and the April in the year prior to the beginning of such academic year, rounded to the nearest $100; and
(2)by adjusting the other dollar amounts to reflect the changes made pursuant to paragraph (1).
(f)In this section, the term “Consumer Price Index” means the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Department of Labor. Each annual update of tables to reflect changes in the Consumer Price Index shall be corrected for misestimation of actual changes in such Index in previous years.
(g)For award year 2023–2024 and each succeeding award year, the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register a revised table of employment expense allowances for the purpose of section 1087oo(c)(4), 1087pp(b)(3), and 1087qq(b)(4) of this title. Such revised table shall be developed by increasing the dollar amount specified in section 1087oo(c)(4), 1087pp(b)(3), and 1087qq(b)(4) of this title by a percentage equal to the percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index, as defined in subsection (f), between April 2020 and the April in the year prior to the beginning of the award year and rounding the result to the nearest $10.
(h)For award year 2023–2024, the Secretary shall determine adjusted amounts and prescribe revised tables with respect to the income protection, employment expense, and asset protection allowances and the assessment schedules under section 1087oo, 1087pp, and 1087qq of this title, pursuant to this section. The amounts and tables specified in section 1087oo, 1087pp, and 1087qq of this title with respect to such allowances and schedules shall only be used by the Secretary as a baseline for adjustments and table revisions prescribed in accordance with this section.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2020—Pub. L. 116–260 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to authority to update certain tables, including a revised table of State and other tax allowances, and authority to propose modifications in need analysis methodology. 2007—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 110–84, § 601(d)(1), added par. (1) and struck out former par. (1). Prior to amendment, par. (1) required the Secretary to publish in the Federal Register, for each academic year after academic year 1993–1994, a revised table of income protection allowances for the purpose of section 1087oo(c)(4) and 1087qq(b)(4) of this title. Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 110–84, § 601(d)(2), substituted “shall be developed for each academic year after academic year 2012–2013, by increasing each of the dollar amounts contained in such section for academic year 2012–2013 by a percentage equal to the estimated percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index (as determined by the Secretary) between December 2011 and the December next preceding the beginning of such academic year, and rounding the result to the nearest $10.” for “shall be developed by increasing each of the dollar amounts contained in such section by a percentage equal to the estimated percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index (as determined by the Secretary) between December 2006 and the December next preceding the beginning of such academic year, and rounding the result to the nearest $10.” 2006—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 109–171, § 8017(d)(1), inserted at end “For the 2007–2008 academic year, the Secretary shall revise the tables in accordance with this paragraph, except that the Secretary shall increase the amounts contained in the table in section 1087qq(b)(4) of this title by a percentage equal to the greater of the estimated percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index (as determined under the preceding sentence) or 5 percent.” Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 109–171, § 8017(d)(2), substituted “2007–2008” for “2000–2001” and “2006” for “1999”. Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 109–171, § 8017(e), struck out “1087pp(b)(4)(B),” after “1087pp(b)(4)(A),” and substituted “food away from home, apparel, transportation, and household furnishings and operations” for “meals away from home, apparel and upkeep, transportation, and housekeeping services”. 1998—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–244 designated existing provisions as par. (1), inserted heading, and added par. (2). 1993—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(g)(8)(A), substituted “1993–1994” for “1992–1993”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(g)(8), substituted “1993–1994” for “1992–1993” in introductory provisions and inserted “December” before “1992” in par. (1). Subsecs. (d), (e), (g). Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(g)(8)(A), substituted “1993–1994” for “1992–1993”. Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 103–208, § 2(g)(8)(A), (9), substituted “1993–1994” for “1992–1993” and “Bureau of Labor Statistics” for “Bureau of Labor Standards”. 1992—Pub. L. 102–325 amended section generally, revising and restating as subsecs. (a) to (h) provisions formerly contained in subsecs. (a) to (f). 1987—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 100–50, § 14(21), substituted “ ‘$24,000’, ‘$84,000’, and ‘$156,000’ ” for “ ‘$26,000’, ‘$91,000’, and ‘$169,000’ ”. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 100–50, § 14(20), inserted “, rounded to the nearest $100,” after “present value cost” and “of 40 and above” after “each age cohort” in second sentence and, after second sentence, inserted “For each age cohort below 40, the asset protection allowance shall be computed by decreasing the asset protection allowance for age 40, as updated, by one-fifteenth for each year of age below age 40 and rounding the result to the nearest $100.” Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 100–50, § 14(22), substituted “Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers” for “Consumer Price Index for Wage Earners and Clerical Workers”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 2020 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 116–260 effective July 1, 2024, except as otherwise expressly provided, and applicable with respect to award year 2024–2025 and each subsequent award year, as determined under this chapter, see section 701(b) of Pub. L. 116–260, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

Effective Date

of 2007 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 110–84 effective July 1, 2009, see section 601(e) of Pub. L. 110–84, set out as a note under section 1087oo of this title.

Effective Date

of 2006 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 109–171 effective July 1, 2006, except as otherwise provided, see section 8001(c) of Pub. L. 109–171, set out as a note under section 1002 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1998 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 7, 1998, see section 480A of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1087kk of this title.

Effective Date

of 1993 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 103–208 effective as if included in the Higher Education

Amendments

of 1992, Pub. L. 102–325, except as otherwise provided, see section 5(a) of Pub. L. 103–208, set out as a note under section 1051 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1992 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 102–325 applicable with respect to determinations of need under this part for award years beginning on or after July 1, 1993, see section 471(b) of Pub. L. 102–325, set out as a note under section 1087kk of this title.

Effective Date

of 1987 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 100–50 effective as if enacted as part of the Higher Education

Amendments

of 1986, Pub. L. 99–498, see section 27 of Pub. L. 100–50, set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

20 U.S.C. § 1087rr

Title 20Education

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73