Title 25IndiansRelease 119-73

§5328 Rules and regulations

Title 25 › Chapter CHAPTER 46— - INDIAN SELF-DETERMINATION AND EDUCATION ASSISTANCE › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - INDIAN SELF-DETERMINATION › § 5328

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Stops the Secretaries of the Interior and Health and Human Services from making rules about tribal self-determination contracts except in a few listed areas. They may only make rules for specific administrative topics (like Federal Tort Claims, declination and waiver steps, appeals, grants under section 5322, property donations under section 5324(f), procurement, construction, reporting, and financial and property management). Any rules they make must follow sections 552 and 553 of title 5 and parts (c), (d), and (e) of this law, and must be published as one set in title 25 of the Code of Federal Regulations. The authority to write those rules ends if final rules are not issued within 20 months after October 25, 1994. New rules override older conflicting laws in effect the day before October 25, 1994, and the Secretary can remove inconsistent regulations. Rule changes must involve tribes, notify the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and the House Committee on Natural Resources, and, when practicable, consult national or regional Indian groups. Proposed changes must be published in the Federal Register at least 60 days before they take effect. The Secretaries must use negotiated rulemaking practices (including the Negotiated Rulemaking Act and Administrative Conference recommendations 82–4 and 85–5), include tribal representatives from all regions, publish rules to implement the 1994 Contract Reform Act within 180 days after October 25, 1994, may create interagency or tribal advisory bodies, may ask Congress to extend deadlines, and may grant regulatory exceptions or waivers for individual contracts if they follow the review steps in section 5321.

Full Legal Text

Title 25, §5328

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(a)(1)Except as may be specifically authorized in this subsection, or in any other provision of this chapter, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services may not promulgate any regulation, nor impose any nonregulatory requirement, relating to self-determination contracts or the approval, award, or declination of such contracts, except that the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services may promulgate regulations under this chapter relating to chapter 171 of title 28, commonly known as the “Federal Tort Claims Act”, chapter 71 of title 41, declination and waiver procedures, appeal procedures, reassumption procedures, discretionary grant procedures for grants awarded under section 5322 of this title, property donation procedures arising under section 5324(f) of this title, internal agency procedures relating to the implementation of this chapter, retrocession and tribal organization relinquishment procedures, contract proposal contents, conflicts of interest, construction, programmatic reports and data requirements, procurement standards, property management standards, and financial management standards.
(2)(A)The regulations promulgated under this chapter, including the regulations referred to in this subsection, shall be promulgated—
(i)in conformance with section 552 and 553 of title 5 and subsections (c), (d), and (e) of this section; and
(ii)as a single set of regulations in title 25 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
(B)The authority to promulgate regulations set forth in this chapter shall expire if final regulations are not promulgated within 20 months after October 25, 1994.
(b)The provisions of this chapter shall supersede any conflicting provisions of law (including any conflicting regulations) in effect on the day before October 25, 1994, and the Secretary is authorized to repeal any regulation inconsistent with the provisions of this chapter.
(c)The Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services are authorized, with the participation of Indian tribes and tribal organizations, to revise and amend any rules or regulations promulgated pursuant to this section: Provided, That prior to any revision or amendment to such rules or regulations, the respective Secretary or Secretaries shall present the proposed revision or amendment to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and shall, to the extent practicable, consult with appropriate national or regional Indian organizations and shall publish any proposed revisions in the Federal Register not less than sixty days prior to the effective date of such rules and regulations in order to provide adequate notice to, and receive comments from, other interested parties.
(d)(1)In drafting and promulgating regulations as provided in subsection (a) of this section (including drafting and promulgating any revised regulations), the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall confer with, and allow for active participation by, representatives of Indian tribes, tribal organizations, and individual tribal members.
(2)(A)In carrying out rulemaking processes under this chapter, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall follow the guidance of—
(i)subchapter III of chapter 5 of title 5, commonly known as the “Negotiated Rulemaking Act of 1990”; and
(ii)the recommendations of the Administrative Conference of the United States numbered 82–4 and 85–5 entitled “Procedures for Negotiating Proposed Regulations” under section 305.82–4 and 305.85–5 of title 1, Code of Federal Regulations, and any successor recommendation or law (including any successor regulation).
(B)The tribal participants in the negotiation process referred to in subparagraph (A) shall be nominated by and shall represent the groups described in this paragraph and shall include tribal representatives from all geographic regions.
(C)The negotiations referred to in subparagraph (B) shall be conducted in a timely manner. Proposed regulations to implement the amendments made by the Indian Self-Determination Contract Reform Act of 1994 shall be published in the Federal Register by the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services not later than 180 days after October 25, 1994.
(D)Notwithstanding any other provision of law (including any regulation), the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services are authorized to jointly establish and fund such interagency committees or other interagency bodies, including advisory bodies comprised of tribal representatives, as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the provisions of this chapter.
(E)If the Secretary determines that an extension of the deadlines under subsection (a)(2)(B) of this section and subparagraph (C) of this paragraph is appropriate, the Secretary may submit proposed legislation to Congress for the extension of such deadlines.
(e)The Secretary may, with respect to a contract entered into under this chapter, make exceptions in the regulations promulgated to carry out this chapter, or waive such regulations, if the Secretary finds that such exception or waiver is in the best interest of the Indians served by the contract or is consistent with the policies of this chapter, and is not contrary to statutory law. In reviewing each request, the Secretary shall follow the timeline, findings, assistance, hearing, and appeal procedures set forth in section 5321 of this title.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a), (b), (d)(2)(A), (D), and (e), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 93–638, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2203, known as the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see

Short Title

note set out under section 5301 of this title and Tables. The Indian Self-Determination Contract Reform Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (d)(2)(C), is title I of Pub. L. 103–413, Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4250, which enacted section 5329 of this title, amended this section and section 5304, 5305, 5307, 5321, 5324, 5325, 5330, and 5331 of this title, and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 5301 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see

Short Title

of 1994 Amendment note set out under section 5301 of this title and Tables. Codification Section was formerly classified to section 450k of this title prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section. In subsec. (a)(1), “chapter 71 of title 41” substituted for “the Contract Disputes Act of 1978 (41 U.S.C. 601 et seq.)” on authority of Pub. L. 111–350, § 6(c), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3854, which Act enacted Title 41, Public Contracts.

Amendments

1996—Subsec. (a)(2)(B). Pub. L. 104–133 substituted “20 months” for “18 months”. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–287 repealed Pub. L. 103–437, § 10(c)(2)(A). See 1994 Amendment note below. 1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–413, § 105(1), added subsec. (a) and struck out former subsec. (a) which read as follows: “The Secretaries of the Interior and of Health and Human Services are each authorized to perform any and all acts and to make such

Rules and Regulations

as may be necessary and proper for the purposes of carrying out the provisions of this chapter: Provided, however, That all Federal requirements for self-determination contracts and grants under this Act shall be promulgated as

Regulations

in conformity with section 552 and 553 of title 5.” Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–437, § 10(c)(2)(A), which directed that subsec. (b) be repealed, was itself repealed by Pub. L. 104–287, § 6(e). See

Effective Date

and

Construction

of 1996 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 103–435, which directed substitution of “Committee on Natural Resources” for “Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs” in par. (2), could not be executed because “Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs” did not appear in text subsequent to amendment by Pub. L. 103–413, § 105(1). See below. Pub. L. 103–413, § 105(1), added subsec. (b) and struck out former subsec. (b) which read as follows: “(b)(1) Within three months from October 5, 1988, the Secretary shall consider and formulate appropriate

Regulations

to implement the provisions of this Act, with the participation of Indian tribes. Such proposed

Regulations

shall contain all Federal requirements applicable to self-determination contracts and grants under this Act. “(2) Within six months from October 5, 1988, the Secretary shall present the proposed

Regulations

to the Select Committee on Indian Affairs of the United States Senate and to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs of the United States House of Representatives. “(3) Within seven months from October 5, 1988, the Secretary shall publish proposed

Regulations

in the Federal Register for the purpose of receiving comments from tribes and other interested parties. “(4) Within ten months from October 5, 1988, the Secretary shall promulgate

Regulations

to implement the provisions of such Act.” Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–437, § 10(c)(2)(B), substituted “Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives” for “Committees on Interior and Insular Affairs of the United States Senate and House of Representatives”. Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 103–413, § 105(2), added subsecs. (d) and (e). 1990—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–644 inserted “, with the participation of Indian tribes and tribal organizations,” after “authorized”. 1988—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–472, § 207(a), substituted “Health and Human Services” for “Health, Education, and Welfare”, and inserted proviso relating to promulgation of Federal requirements for self-determination contracts as

Regulations

. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–472, § 207(b), amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (b) read as follows: “(1) Within six months from January 4, 1975, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall each to the extent practicable, consult with national and regional Indian organizations to consider and formulate appropriate

Rules and Regulations

to implement the provisions of this chapter. “(2) Within seven months from January 4, 1975, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall each present the proposed

Rules and Regulations

to the Committees on Interior and Insular Affairs of the United States Senate and House of Representatives. “(3) Within eight months from January 4, 1975, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall publish proposed

Rules and Regulations

in the Federal Register for the purpose of receiving comments from interested parties. “(4) Within ten months from January 4, 1975, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall promulgate

Rules and Regulations

to implement the provisions of this chapter.”

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

“Secretary of Health and Human Services” substituted for “Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare” in subsec. (c), pursuant to section 509(b) of Pub. L. 96–88, which is classified to section 3508(b) of Title 20, Education.

Effective Date

and

Construction

of 1996 Amendment Pub. L. 104–287, § 6(e), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3399, provided that: “Effective
November 2, 1994, section 10(c)(2)(A) of the Act of
November 2, 1994 (Public Law 103–437, 108 Stat. 4589) [amending this section], is repealed and section 107(b) of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450k(b)) [now 25 U.S.C. 5328(b)], as amended by section 105(1) of the Indian Self-Determination Act (Public Law 103–413, 108 Stat. 4269), is revived and shall read as if section 10(c)(2)(A) of the Act of
November 2, 1994 (Public Law 103–437, 108 Stat. 4589), had not been enacted.”

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

25 U.S.C. § 5328

Title 25Indians

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73