Title 38Veterans' BenefitsRelease 119-73

§1502 Determinations with respect to disability

Title 38 › Part PART II— - GENERAL BENEFITS › Chapter CHAPTER 15— - PENSION FOR NON-SERVICE-CONNECTED DISABILITY OR DEATH OR FOR SERVICE › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - GENERAL › § 1502

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Defines who counts as "permanently and totally disabled," who is "in need of regular aid and attendance," and what "permanently housebound" means. "Permanently and totally disabled" covers four situations: a person in a nursing home for long-term care because of disability; a person the Commissioner of Social Security has found disabled for Social Security benefits; a person who cannot work because their disability is likely to last their whole life; or a person whose disability makes it impossible for an average person to do a job and is expected to last for life, or who has a disease the Secretary says is severe enough to be permanently and totally disabling. "In need of regular aid and attendance" means either a nursing home patient or someone who is blind, nearly blind, or so seriously disabled that they regularly need another person’s help. "Permanently housebound" means the veteran is largely confined to their home (or to ward or clinical areas if institutionalized) because of a disability that is likely to continue for life.

Full Legal Text

Title 38, §1502

Veterans' Benefits — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)For the purposes of this chapter, a person shall be considered to be permanently and totally disabled if such person is any of the following:
(1)A patient in a nursing home for long-term care because of disability.
(2)Disabled, as determined by the Commissioner of Social Security for purposes of any benefits administered by the Commissioner.
(3)Unemployable as a result of disability reasonably certain to continue throughout the life of the person.
(4)Suffering from—
(A)any disability which is sufficient to render it impossible for the average person to follow a substantially gainful occupation, but only if it is reasonably certain that such disability will continue throughout the life of the person; or
(B)any disease or disorder determined by the Secretary to be of such a nature or extent as to justify a determination that persons suffering therefrom are permanently and totally disabled.
(b)For the purposes of this chapter, a person shall be considered to be in need of regular aid and attendance if such person is (1) a patient in a nursing home or (2) blind, or so nearly blind or significantly disabled as to need or require the regular aid and attendance of another person.
(c)For the purposes of this chapter, the requirement of “permanently housebound” will be considered to have been met when the veteran is substantially confined to such veteran’s house (ward or clinical areas, if institutionalized) or immediate premises due to a disability or disabilities which it is reasonably certain will remain throughout such veteran’s lifetime.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Prior section 1502 was renumbered section 3102 of this title. Another prior section 1502, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1171; Pub. L. 86–721, § 3, Sept. 8, 1960, 74 Stat. 820; Pub. L. 87–815, § 7, Oct. 15, 1962, 76 Stat. 927; Pub. L. 89–138, § 2(2), Aug. 26, 1965, 79 Stat. 578; Pub. L. 90–631, § 1(a), Oct. 23, 1968, 82 Stat. 1331; Pub. L. 92–540, title I, § 101(1), title III, § 301, Oct. 24, 1972, 86 Stat. 1074, 1080; Pub. L. 93–508, title I, § 101(2), Dec. 3, 1974, 88 Stat. 1578; Pub. L. 94–502, title I, § 104(1), Oct. 15, 1976, 90 Stat. 2384, related to the basic entitlement of veterans with service-connected disabilities to vocational rehabilitation under chapter 31 of this title, prior to the general revision of chapter 31 of this title by Pub. L. 96–466. section 802(a)(3) of Pub. L. 96–466, set out as an

Effective Date

note under section 3100 of this title, provided that this prior section 1502 continue in effect until Mar. 31, 1981. Prior section 1502A, Pub. L. 87–591, § 1, Aug. 16, 1962, 76 Stat. 393, which related to vocational rehabilitation for blinded veterans, was repealed by Pub. L. 89–138, § 2(3), Aug. 26, 1965, 79 Stat. 578.

Amendments

2006—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 109–233 substituted “blind, or so nearly blind or significantly disabled as to” for “helpless or blind, or so nearly helpless or blind as to”. 2001—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–103 substituted “such person is any of the following:” and pars. (1) to (4) for “such a person is unemployable as a result of disability reasonably certain to continue throughout the life of the disabled person, or is suffering from— “(1) any disability which is sufficient to render it impossible for the average person to follow a substantially gainful occupation, but only if it is reasonably certain that such disability will continue throughout the life of the disabled person; or “(2) any disease or disorder determined by the Secretary to be of such a nature or extent as to justify a determination that persons suffering therefrom are permanently and totally disabled.” 1991—Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 502 of this title as this section. Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 102–83, § 4(b)(1), (2)(E), substituted “Secretary” for “Administrator”. 1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–508 amended introductory provisions generally. Prior to amendment, introductory provisions read as follows: “For the purposes of this chapter, a person shall be considered to be permanently and totally disabled if such person is sixty-five years of age or older or became unemployable after age 65, or suffering from—”. 1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–432 inserted “or became unemployable after age 65,” after “or older”. 1975—Subsecs. (a) and (b). Pub. L. 94–169 substituted “such person” for “he”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–169 substituted “such veteran’s” for “his” wherever appearing. 1967—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 90–77, § 102(a), provided for consideration of a person sixty-five years of age or older as permanently and totally disabled. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 90–77, § 102(b), added cl. (1) and designated existing provisions as cl. (2). 1964—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 88–664 added subsec. (c).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 2001 Amendment Pub. L. 107–103, title II, § 206(b), Dec. 27, 2001, 115 Stat. 991, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect as of September 17, 2001.”

Effective Date

of 1990 Amendment Pub. L. 101–508, title VIII, § 8002(b), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–342, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to claims filed after October 31, 1990.”

Effective Date

of 1976 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 94–432 effective Jan. 1, 1977, see section 405(b) of Pub. L. 94–432, set out as a note under section 1521 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1975 Amendment Pub. L. 94–169, title I, § 106, Dec. 23, 1975, 89 Stat. 1017, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective Jan. 1, 1976.

Effective Date

of 1967 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 90–77 effective first day of first calendar month which begins more than ten days after Aug. 31, 1967, see section 405 of Pub. L. 90–77, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1964 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 88–664 effective Jan. 1, 1965, see section 11 of Pub. L. 88–664, set out as a note under section 1503 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

38 U.S.C. § 1502

Title 38Veterans' Benefits

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73