Title 42 — The Public Health and WelfareRelease 119-73
§11433 Local educational agency subgrants for the education of homeless children and youths
Title 42 › Chapter CHAPTER 119— - HOMELESS ASSISTANCE › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER VI— - EDUCATION AND TRAINING › Part Part B— - Education for Homeless Children and Youths › § 11433
Summary
State education agencies must give competitive subgrants to local school districts using money set aside for homeless students. The goal is to help find homeless children and youths, get them enrolled, keep them attending, and help them do well in school. Services should be offered at schools or other places. They should use existing programs when possible and include homeless students with other students. These services must add to the regular school program, not replace it. If services happen on school grounds, schools may also serve other students at risk of dropping out. Schools must not separate homeless students from others except briefly for health or safety reasons or to give short-term special help. Grants last no more than 3 years. To get money, a district must apply and show a local needs assessment, describe planned services, promise that its recent spending meets a 90% combined fiscal-effort rule for the previous years, agree to follow certain protections for homeless students, commit to not isolating or stigmatizing them, and provide data and assurances the State requests. State agencies must award grants based mainly on need and the quality of the application. They will look at how many homeless children are in schools and preschool programs, how well the plan will identify and keep students in school, and how the district will work with other local and State agencies. They will also judge the application by its needs assessment, the types and coordination of services, parent involvement, how well homeless students will be included in regular classes, evaluation plans, use of other resources, and plans for transportation and liaison staff. Allowed uses include tutoring and extra instruction tied to state standards; quick evaluations for services and special programs; staff training; health referrals; help with extra transportation costs; preschool programs; outreach to un-enrolled youth; before/after-school and summer programs; fees and costs for school records; parent education; coordination with service agencies; counseling and violence-prevention help; services for needs from domestic violence or parental substance abuse; adapting space and buying supplies at nonschool sites; school supplies; and other emergency help so homeless children can attend and participate in school.
Full Legal Text
Title 42, §11433
The Public Health and Welfare — Source: USLM XML via OLRC
(a)(1)The State educational agency shall, in accordance with section 11432(e) of this title, and from amounts made available to such agency under section 11435 of this title, make subgrants to local educational agencies for the purpose of facilitating the identification, enrollment, attendance, and success in school of homeless children and youths.
(2)(A)Services under paragraph (1)—
(i)may be provided through programs on school grounds or at other facilities;
(ii)shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be provided through existing programs and mechanisms that integrate homeless children and youths with nonhomeless children and youths; and
(iii)shall be designed to expand or improve services provided as part of a school’s regular academic program, but not to replace such services provided under such program.
(B)If services under paragraph (1) are provided on school grounds, the related schools—
(i)may use funds under this part to provide the same services to other children and youths who are determined by the local educational agency to be at risk of failing in, or dropping out of, school, subject to the requirements of clause (ii); and
(ii)except as otherwise provided in section 11432(e)(3)(B) of this title, shall not provide services in settings within a school that segregate homeless children and youths from other children and youths, except as necessary for short periods of time—
(I)for health and safety emergencies; or
(II)to provide temporary, special, and supplementary services to meet the unique needs of homeless children and youths.
(3)Services provided under this section shall not replace the regular academic program and shall be designed to expand upon or improve services provided as part of the school’s regular academic program.
(4)Subgrants made under this section shall be for terms of not to exceed 3 years.
(b)A local educational agency that desires to receive a subgrant under this section shall submit an application to the State educational agency at such time, in such manner, and containing or accompanied by such information as the State educational agency may reasonably require. Such application shall include the following:
(1)An assessment of the educational and related needs of homeless children and youths in the area served by such agency (which may be undertaken as part of needs assessments for other disadvantaged groups).
(2)A description of the services and programs for which assistance is sought to address the needs identified in paragraph (1).
(3)An assurance that the local educational agency’s combined fiscal effort per student, or the aggregate expenditures of that agency and the State with respect to the provision of free public education by such agency for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made, was not less than 90 percent of such combined fiscal effort or aggregate expenditures for the second fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which the determination is made.
(4)An assurance that the applicant complies with, or will use requested funds to comply with, paragraphs (3) through (7) of section 11432(g) of this title.
(5)A description of policies and procedures, consistent with section 11432(e)(3) of this title, that the agency will implement to ensure that activities carried out by the agency will not isolate or stigmatize homeless children and youths.
(6)An assurance that the local educational agency will collect and promptly provide data requested by the State Coordinator pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (3) of section 11432(f) of this title.
(7)An assurance that the local educational agency will meet the requirements of section 11432(g)(3) of this title.
(c)(1)The State educational agency shall, in accordance with the requirements of this part and from amounts made available to it under section 11435 of this title, make competitive subgrants to local educational agencies that submit applications under subsection (b). Such subgrants shall be awarded on the basis of the need of such agencies for assistance under this part and the quality of the applications submitted.
(2)In determining need under paragraph (1), the State educational agency may consider the number of homeless children and youths enrolled in early childhood education and other preschool programs, elementary schools, and secondary schools, within the area served by the local educational agency, and shall consider the needs of such children and youths and the ability of the local educational agency to meet such needs. The State educational agency may also consider the following:
(A)The extent to which the proposed use of funds will facilitate the identification, enrollment, retention, and educational success of homeless children and youths.
(B)The extent to which the application reflects coordination with other local and State agencies that serve homeless children and youths.
(C)The extent to which the applicant exhibits in the application and in current practice (as of the date of submission of the application) a commitment to education for all homeless children and youths.
(D)Such other criteria as the State agency determines appropriate.
(3)In determining the quality of applications under paragraph (1), the State educational agency shall consider the following:
(A)The applicant’s needs assessment under subsection (b)(1) and the likelihood that the program presented in the application will meet such needs.
(B)The types, intensity, and coordination of the services to be provided under the program.
(C)The extent to which the applicant will promote meaningful involvement of parents or guardians of homeless children or youths in the education of their children.
(D)The extent to which homeless children and youths will be integrated into the regular education program.
(E)The quality of the applicant’s evaluation plan for the program.
(F)The extent to which services provided under this part will be coordinated with other services available to homeless children and youths and their families.
(G)The extent to which the local educational agency will use the subgrant to leverage resources, including by maximizing nonsubgrant funding for the position of the liaison described in section 11432(g)(1)(J)(ii) of this title and the provision of transportation.
(H)How the local educational agency will use funds to serve homeless children and youths under section 1113(c)(3) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6313(c)(3)).
(I)The extent to which the applicant’s program meets such other measures as the State educational agency considers indicative of a high-quality program, such as the extent to which the local educational agency will provide case management or related services to unaccompanied youths.
(d)A local educational agency may use funds awarded under this section for activities that carry out the purpose of this part, including the following:
(1)The provision of tutoring, supplemental instruction, and enriched educational services that are linked to the achievement of the same challenging State academic standards as the State establishes for other children and youths.
(2)The provision of expedited evaluations of the strengths and needs of homeless children and youths, including needs and eligibility for programs and services (such as educational programs for gifted and talented students, children with disabilities, and English learners, services provided under title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 [20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.] or similar State or local programs, programs in career and technical education, and school nutrition programs).
(3)Professional development and other activities for educators and specialized instructional support personnel that are designed to heighten the understanding and sensitivity of such personnel to the needs of homeless children and youths, the rights of such children and youths under this part, and the specific educational needs of runaway and homeless youths.
(4)The provision of referral services to homeless children and youths for medical, dental, mental, and other health services.
(5)The provision of assistance to defray the excess cost of transportation for students under section 11432(g)(4)(A) of this title, not otherwise provided through Federal, State, or local funding, where necessary to enable students to attend the school selected under section 11432(g)(3) of this title.
(6)The provision of developmentally appropriate early childhood education programs, not otherwise provided through Federal, State, or local funding, for preschool-aged homeless children.
(7)The provision of services and assistance to attract, engage, and retain homeless children and youths, particularly homeless children and youths who are not enrolled in school, in public school programs and services provided to nonhomeless children and youths.
(8)The provision for homeless children and youths of before- and after-school, mentoring, and summer programs in which a teacher or other qualified individual provides tutoring, homework assistance, and supervision of educational activities.
(9)If necessary, the payment of fees and other costs associated with tracking, obtaining, and transferring records necessary to enroll homeless children and youths in school, including birth certificates, immunization or other required health records, academic records, guardianship records, and evaluations for special programs or services.
(10)The provision of education and training to the parents and guardians of homeless children and youths about the rights of, and resources available to, such children and youths, and other activities designed to increase the meaningful involvement of parents and guardians of homeless children or youths in the education of such children or youths.
(11)The development of coordination between schools and agencies providing services to homeless children and youths, as described in section 11432(g)(5) of this title.
(12)The provision of specialized instructional support services (including violence prevention counseling) and referrals for such services.
(13)Activities to address the particular needs of homeless children and youths that may arise from domestic violence and parental mental health or substance abuse problems.
(14)The adaptation of space and purchase of supplies for any nonschool facilities made available under subsection (a)(2) to provide services under this subsection.
(15)The provision of school supplies, including those supplies to be distributed at shelters or temporary housing facilities, or other appropriate locations.
(16)The provision of other extraordinary or emergency assistance needed to enable homeless children and youths to attend school and participate fully in school activities.
Legislative History
Notes & Related Subsidiaries
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is Pub. L. 89–10, Apr. 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 27. Title I of the Act is classified generally to subchapter I (§ 6301 et seq.) of chapter 70 of Title 20, Education. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see
Short Title
note set out under section 6301 of Title 20 and Tables.
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11433, Pub. L. 100–77, title VII, § 723, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title III, § 323, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3962, related to local educational agency grants for education of homeless children and youth, prior to the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 107–110. Another prior section 11433, Pub. L. 100–77, title VII, § 723, July 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 527; Pub. L. 100–628, title VII, § 702(b), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3245; Pub. L. 101–645, title VI, § 612(c), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4739, related to local educational agency grants for education of homeless children and youth, prior to the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 103–382.
Amendments
2015—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(1)(A), substituted “facilitating the identification, enrollment,” for “facilitating the enrollment,”. Subsec. (a)(2)(B). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(1)(B), inserted “the related” before “schools” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(1)(C), added par. (4). Subsec. (b)(6), (7). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(2), added pars. (6) and (7). Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(3)(A)(i), substituted “early childhood education and other preschool programs, elementary schools, and secondary schools,” for “preschool, elementary, and secondary schools” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(3)(A)(ii), inserted “identification,” before “enrollment,”. Subsec. (c)(2)(B). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(3)(A)(iii), substituted “application reflects coordination with other local and State agencies that serve homeless children and youths.” for “application— “(i) reflects coordination with other local and State agencies that serve homeless children and youths; and “(ii) describes how the applicant will meet the requirements of section 11432(g)(3) of this title.” Subsec. (c)(2)(C). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(3)(A)(iv), inserted “(as of the date of submission of the application)” after “practice”. Subsec. (c)(3)(C). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(3)(B)(i), inserted “extent to which the applicant will promote meaningful” after “The”. Subsec. (c)(3)(D). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(3)(B)(ii), substituted “into” for “within”. Subsec. (c)(3)(G), (H). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(3)(B)(iv), added subpars. (G) and (H). Former subpar. (G) redesignated (I). Subsec. (c)(3)(I). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(3)(B)(iii), (v), redesignated subpar. (G) as (I) and substituted “The extent to which the applicant’s program meets such” for “Such”. Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(3)(C), struck out par. (4). Text read as follows: “Grants awarded under this section shall be for terms not to exceed 3 years.” Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(4)(A), substituted “the same challenging State academic standards as” for “the same challenging State academic content standards and challenging State student academic achievement standards”. Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(4)(B), substituted “English learners” for “students with limited English proficiency” and “career” for “vocational”. Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(4)(C), substituted “specialized instructional support” for “pupil services”. Subsec. (d)(7). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(4)(D), substituted “particularly homeless children and youths who are not enrolled in school,” for “and unaccompanied youths,”. Subsec. (d)(9). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(4)(E), substituted “other required health” for “medical”. Subsec. (d)(10). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(4)(F), substituted “parents and guardians” for “parents” and inserted before period at end “, and other activities designed to increase the meaningful involvement of parents and guardians of homeless children or youths in the education of such children or youths”. Subsec. (d)(12). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(4)(G), substituted “specialized instructional support services” for “pupil services”. Subsec. (d)(13). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(4)(H), inserted before period at end “and parental mental health or substance abuse problems”. Subsec. (d)(16). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9103(4)(I), inserted before period at end “and participate fully in school activities”.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
of 2015 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Oct. 1, 2016, see section 9107 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 11431 of this title.
Effective Date
Section effective Jan. 8, 2002, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 107–110, set out as a note under section 6301 of Title 20, Education.
Reference
Citations & Metadata
Citation
42 U.S.C. § 11433
Title 42 — The Public Health and Welfare
Last Updated
Apr 6, 2026
Release point: 119-73