Title 42The Public Health and WelfareRelease 119-73

§14304 Enforcement

Title 42 › Chapter CHAPTER 137— - MANAGEMENT OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES AND BATTERIES CONTAINING MERCURY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - GENERALLY › § 14304

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

The Administrator can order a person to stop breaking the rules, make them fix the problem right away or within a set time, and can fine them up to $10,000 for each violation. If someone keeps breaking the rules or does not follow an order, the Administrator can sue in U.S. district court where the violation happened or where the person lives to get relief, including a temporary or permanent injunction. The order must say clearly what the violation is, and any fine must reflect how serious the violation was and whether the person tried in good faith to comply. An order becomes final unless the person named asks for a hearing on the record within 30 days after it is served. If a hearing is requested, the Administrator must hold it quickly and can subpoena witnesses and documents. If the person does not correct the problem in the time given, the Administrator may impose another civil penalty of up to $10,000 for continued noncompliance. The law also says the Administrator may not take enforcement action against someone who sold a covered battery or product to a consumer if it was bought ready for sale and sold without modification, and it mentions importers of covered batteries and people who know a battery’s chemical contents.

Full Legal Text

Title 42, §14304

The Public Health and Welfare — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)When on the basis of any information the Administrator determines that a person has violated, or is in violation of, any requirement of this chapter (except a requirement of section 14323 of this title) the Administrator—
(1)in the case of any violation, may issue an order assessing a civil penalty of not more than $10,000 for each violation, or requiring compliance immediately or within a reasonable specified time period, or both; or
(2)in the case of any violation or failure to comply with an order issued under this section, may commence a civil action in the United States district court in the district in which the violation occurred or in the district in which the violator resides for appropriate relief, including a temporary or permanent injunction.
(b)An order under subsection (a)(1) shall state with reasonable specificity the nature of the violation.
(c)In assessing a civil penalty under subsection (a)(1), the Administrator shall take into account the seriousness of the violation and any good faith efforts to comply with applicable requirements.
(d)An order under subsection (a)(1) shall become final unless, not later than 30 days after the order is served, a person named in the order requests a hearing on the record.
(e)On receiving a request under subsection (d), the Administrator shall promptly conduct a hearing on the record.
(f)In connection with any hearing on the record under this section, the Administrator may issue subpoenas for the attendance and testimony of witnesses and for the production of relevant papers, books, and documents.
(g)If a violator fails to take corrective action within the time specified in an order under subsection (a)(1), the Administrator may assess a civil penalty of not more than $10,000 for the continued noncompliance with the order.
(h)The Administrator may not take any enforcement action against a person for selling, offering for sale, or offering for promotional purposes to the ultimate consumer a battery or product covered by this chapter that was—
(1)purchased ready for sale to the ultimate consumer; and
(2)sold, offered for sale, or offered for promotional purposes without modification.
(A)who is the importer of a battery covered by this chapter, and
(B)who has knowledge of the chemical contents of the battery

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

42 U.S.C. § 14304

Title 42The Public Health and Welfare

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73