Title 43 — Public LandsRelease 119-73
§1595 Salinity control units; authority and functions of the Secretary of the Interior
Title 43 › Chapter CHAPTER 32A— - COLORADO RIVER BASIN SALINITY CONTROL › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - MEASURES UPSTREAM FROM IMPERIAL DAM › § 1595
Summary
The Secretary must split up the costs (not counting money already paid by non‑Federal participants) for building, running, maintaining, and replacing salinity control projects, the actions that replace incidental fish and wildlife values, and on‑farm salinity measures. For different types of project units, the federal government will pay a set share that does not have to be repaid: for units like those in 1592(a)(1) the federal share is 75% of construction and replacement costs, 90% of operation and maintenance costs, and 100% of the costs to replace incidental fish and wildlife values; for units like 1592(a)(2) it is 75% of construction and replacement, and 100% of operation, maintenance, and wildlife‑replacement costs; for 1592(a)(3) it is 75% of all construction, operation, maintenance, and replacement and 75% of associated wildlife replacement; for the units in paragraphs (4) and (6) it is 70% of those costs and 70% of associated wildlife replacement; for paragraph (5) it is 70% of construction and replacement and 100% of operation, maintenance, and wildlife replacement; and for on‑farm measures it is 85% of implementation and 85% of associated wildlife replacement. For fiscal years 2024 and 2025, certain of these percentages (including 75% and 70% levels and the percentages above) apply as specified. The remaining costs that must be paid back are split between the Upper Colorado River Basin Fund and the Lower Colorado River Basin Development Fund after consulting the Advisory Council and looking at basin benefits, causes of salinity, and fund availability. Upper Basin repayments cannot exceed 15% of the combined Upper and Lower allocated costs. Repayment rules vary: costs for units like 1592(a)(1)–(3) must be repaid without interest within 50 years or within the unit’s expected life; for units like 1592(a)(4)–(6) and on‑farm measures the Upper Basin repays with interest within 50 years or life, while the Lower Basin repays without interest from the Lower Basin Fund as money is available (shortfalls are repaid with interest when funds exist). Operation and maintenance costs are normally repaid without interest in the next fiscal year, unless funds are missing, in which case interest rules apply. The Treasury sets interest rates. Lower Basin payments come from the Lower Basin Fund, Upper Basin payments come from the Upper Basin Fund within available limits. The Secretary may raise certain power rates to cover Upper Basin costs; that money can only pay for salinity units, wildlife replacement, and on‑farm measures. Required cost shares must be provided up front from the Basin Funds through the Basin States Program, but projects already under repayment keep their original repayment plans.
Full Legal Text
Title 43, §1595
Public Lands — Source: USLM XML via OLRC
(a)The Secretary shall allocate the total costs (excluding costs borne by non-Federal participants) of the on-farm measures authorized by section 1592(c) of this title, of all measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, and of each unit or separable feature thereof authorized by section 1592(a) of this title, as follows:
(1)(A)(i)In recognition of Federal responsibility for the Colorado River as an interstate stream and for international comity with Mexico, Federal ownership of the land of the Colorado River Basin from which most of the dissolved salts originate, and the policy established in the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and except as provided in clause (ii), the following shall be nonreimbursable:
(I)75 percent of the total costs of construction and replacement of each unit or separable feature of a unit authorized by section 1592(a)(1) of this title, including 90 percent of—
(aa)the costs of operation and maintenance of each unit or separable feature of a unit authorized by that section; and
(bb)the total costs of construction, operation, and maintenance of the associated measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone.
(II)75 percent of the total costs of construction and replacement of each unit or separable feature of a unit authorized by section 1592(a)(2) of this title, including 100 percent of—
(aa)the costs of operation and maintenance of each unit or separable feature of a unit authorized by that section; and
(bb)the total costs of construction, operation, and maintenance of the associated measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone.
(III)75 percent of the total costs of construction, operation, maintenance, and replacement of each unit or separable feature of a unit authorized by section 1592(a)(3) of this title, including 75 percent of the total costs of construction, operation, and maintenance of the associated measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone.
(IV)70 percent of the total costs of construction, operation, maintenance, and replacement of each unit or separable feature of a unit authorized by paragraphs (4) and (6) of section 1592(a) of this title, including 70 percent of the total costs of construction, operation, and maintenance of the associated measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone.
(V)70 percent of the total costs of construction and replacement of each unit or separable feature of a unit authorized by section 1592(a)(5) of this title, including 100 percent of—
(aa)the costs of operation and maintenance of each unit or separable feature of a unit authorized by that section; and
(bb)the total costs of construction, operation, and maintenance of the associated measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone.
(VI)85 percent of the total costs of implementation of the on-farm measures authorized by section 1592(c) of this title, including 85 percent of the total costs of the associated measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone.
(ii)Notwithstanding clause (i), for each of fiscal years 2024 and 2025, the following shall be nonreimbursable:
(I)75 percent of all costs described in clause (i)(I).
(II)75 percent of all costs described in clause (i)(II).
(III)70 percent of all costs described in clause (i)(V).
(IV)The percentages of all costs described in subclauses (III), (IV), and (VI) of clause (i).
(B)The total costs remaining after the allocations under clauses (i) and (ii) of subparagraph (A) shall be reimbursable as provided for in paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (5).
(2)The reimbursable portion of the total costs shall be allocated between the Upper Colorado River Basin Fund established by section 5(a) of the Colorado River Storage Project Act (70 Stat. 107) [43 U.S.C. 620d(a)] and the Lower Colorado River Basin Development Fund established by section 1543(a) of this title, after consultation with the Advisory Council created in section 1594(a) of this title and consideration of the following items:
(i)benefits to be derived in each basin from the use of water of improved quality and the use of works for improved water management;
(ii)causes of salinity; and
(iii)availability of revenues in the Lower Colorado River Basin Development Fund and increased revenues to the Upper Colorado River Basin Fund made available under section 620d(d)(5) of this title: Provided, That costs allocated to the Upper Colorado River Basin Fund under this paragraph (2) shall not exceed 15 per centum of the costs allocated to the Upper Colorado River Basin Fund and the Lower Colorado River Basin Development Fund.
(3)Costs of construction and replacement of each unit or separable feature thereof authorized by section 11 So in original. Probably should be “section”. 1592(a)(1), (2), and (3) of this title and costs of construction of measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, when such measures are a part of the units authorized by section 1 1592(a)(1), (2), and (3) of this title, allocated to the upper basin and to the lower basin under subsection (a)(2) shall be repaid within a fifty-year period or within a period equal to the estimated life of the unit, separable feature thereof, or replacement, whichever is less, without interest from the date such unit, separable feature, or replacement is determined by the Secretary to be in operation.
(4)(i)Costs of construction and replacement of each unit or separable feature thereof authorized by paragraphs (4) through (6) of section 1592 22 So in original. Probably should be section “1592(a)”. of this title, costs of construction of measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, when such measures are a part of the on-farm measures authorized by section 1592(c) of this title or of the units authorized by paragraphs (4) through (6) of section 1592 2 of this title, and costs of implementation of the on-farm measures authorized by section 1592(c) of this title allocated to the upper basin and to the lower basin under subsection (a)(2) shall be repaid as provided in subparagraphs (ii) and (iii), respectively, of this paragraph.
(ii)Costs allocated to the upper basin shall be repaid with interest within a fifty-year period, or within a period equal to the estimated life of the unit, separable feature thereof, replacement, or on-farm measure, whichever is less, from the date such unit, separable feature thereof, replacement, or on-farm measure is determined by the Secretary or the Secretary of Agriculture to be in operation.
(iii)Costs allocated to the lower basin shall be repaid without interest as such costs are incurred to the extent that money is available from the Lower Colorado River Basin development fund to repay costs allocated to the lower basin. If in any fiscal year the money available from the Lower Colorado River Basin development fund for such repayment is insufficient to repay the costs allocated to the lower basin, as provided in the preceding sentence, the deficiency shall be repaid with interest as soon as money becomes available in the fund for repayment of those costs.
(iv)The interest rates used pursuant to this chapter shall be determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, taking into consideration average market yields on outstanding marketable obligations of the United States with remaining periods to maturity comparable to the reimbursement period during the month preceding October 30, 1984, for costs outstanding at that date, or, in the case of costs incurred subsequent to October 30, 1984, during the month preceding the fiscal year in which the costs are incurred.
(5)Costs of operation and maintenance of each unit or separable feature thereof authorized by section 1592(a) of this title and of measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone allocated to the upper basin and to the lower basin under subsection (a)(2) shall be repaid without interest in the fiscal year next succeeding the fiscal year in which such costs are incurred. In the event that revenues are not available to repay the portion of operation and maintenance costs allocated to the Upper Colorado River Basin fund and to the Lower Colorado River Basin development fund in the year next succeeding the fiscal year in which such costs are incurred, the deficiency shall be repayed 33 So in original. with interest calculated in the same manner as provided in subsection (a)(4)(iv). Any reimbursement due non-Federal entities pursuant to section 1592(b)(2) of this title shall be repaid without interest in the fiscal year next succeeding the fiscal year in which such operation and maintenance costs are incurred.
(b)(1)Costs of construction, operation, maintenance, and replacement of each unit or separable feature thereof authorized by section 1592(a) of this title, costs of construction, operation, and maintenance of measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, and costs of implementation of the on-farm measures authorized by section 1592(c) of this title, allocated for repayment by the lower basin under subsection (a)(2) shall be paid in accordance with section 1543(g)(2) of this title, from the Lower Colorado River Basin Development Fund.
(2)Omitted
(c)Costs of construction, operation, maintenance, and replacement of each unit or separable feature thereof authorized by section 1592(a) of this title, costs of construction, operation, and maintenance of measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, and costs of implementation of the on-farm measures authorized by section 1592(c) of this title allocated for repayment by the upper basin under subsection (a)(2) shall be paid in accordance with section 620d(d)(5) of this title from the Upper Colorado River Basin Fund within the limit of the funds made available under subsection (e).
(d)
(e)The Secretary is authorized to make upward adjustments in rates charged for electrical energy under all contracts administered by the Secretary under the Colorado River Storage Project Act (70 Stat. 105; 43 U.S.C. 620) as soon as practicable and to the extent necessary to cover the costs allocated to the Upper Colorado River Basin Fund under subsection (a)(2) and in conformity with subsection (a)(3), subsection (a)(4) and subsection (a)(5): Provided, That revenues derived from said rate adjustments shall be available solely for the construction, operation, maintenance, and replacement of salinity control units, for the construction, operation, and maintenance of measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, and for the implementation of on-farm measures in the Colorado River Basin herein authorized.
(f)(1)Effective beginning on the date of enactment of this paragraph, subject to paragraph (3), the cost share obligations required by this section shall be met through an up-front cost share from the Basin Funds, in the same proportions as the cost allocations required under subsection (a), as provided in paragraph (2).
(2)The Secretary shall expend the required cost share funds described in paragraph (1) through the Basin States Program for salinity control activities established under section 1592(a)(7) of this title.
(3)The cost share contribution required by this section shall continue to be met through repayment in a manner consistent with this section for all salinity control activities for which repayment was commenced prior to the date of enactment of this paragraph.
Legislative History
Notes & Related Subsidiaries
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(A)(i), is act June 30, 1948, ch. 758, as amended generally by Pub. L. 92–500, § 2, Oct. 18, 1972, 86 Stat. 816, which is classified generally to chapter 26 (§ 1251 et seq.) of Title 33, Navigation and Navigable Waters. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see
Short Title
note set out under section 1251 of Title 33 and Tables. section 1543(g)(2) of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), was in the original a reference to “section 205(b)(2) of this title”, meaning section 205(b)(2) of title II of Pub. L. 93–320. Such section 205(b)(2) amended section 403(g) of the Colorado River Basin Project Act by inserting a new cl. (2), which is classified to section 1543(g)(2) of this title. section 620d(d)(5) of this title, referred to in subsec. (c), was in the original a reference to “section 205(d) of this title”, meaning section 205(d) of title II of Pub. L. 93–320. Such section 205(d) amended section 5(d) of the Colorado River Storage Project Act by inserting a new par. (5), which is classified to section 620d(d)(5) of this title. The Colorado River Storage Project Act, referred to in subsec. (e), is act Apr. 11, 1956, ch. 203, 70 Stat. 105, which is classified generally to chapter 12B (§ 620 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see
Short Title
note set out under section 620 of this title and Tables. The date of enactment of this paragraph, referred to in subsec. (f)(1), (3), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–246, which was approved June 18, 2008. Codification Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical
Amendments
to this section. The
Amendments
by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246. Section is comprised of section 205 of Pub. L. 93–320. Subsecs. (b)(2) and (d) of section 205 of Pub. L. 93–320 amended section 1543 and 620d, respectively, of this title.
Amendments
2024—Pub. L. 118–183, § 2(1), inserted section catchline. Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 118–183, § 2(1), inserted heading. Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 118–183, § 2(2), added par. (1) and struck out former par. (1) which described various nonreimbursable and reimbursable costs. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 118–183, § 2(3), inserted subsec. and par. (1) headings. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 118–183, § 2(4), inserted heading. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 118–183, § 2(5), inserted heading. 2008—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 110–246, § 2806(b)(2), added subsec. (f) and struck out former subsec. (f). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The Secretary may expend funds available in the Basin Funds referred to in this section to carry out cost-share salinity measures in a manner that is consistent with the cost allocations required under this section.” 1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–127, § 336(c)(2)(A), struck out “pursuant to section 1592(c)(2)(C) of this title” after “non-Federal participants” in introductory provisions. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 104–127, § 336(c)(2)(B), added subsec. (f). 1995—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 104–20, § 1(2)(A), substituted “authorized by paragraphs (4) through (6) of section 1592(a)” for “authorized by section 1592(a)(4) and (5)”. Subsec. (a)(4)(i). Pub. L. 104–20, § 1(2)(B), substituted “paragraphs (4) through (6) of section 1592” for “section 1592(a)(4) and (5)” in two places. 1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–569, § 4(a), inserted “(a)” after “section 1592” and inserted “(excluding costs borne by non-Federal participants pursuant to section 1592(c)(2)(C) of this title) of the on-farm measures authorized by section 1592(c) of this title, of all measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, and” after “total costs”. Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 98–569, § 4(b), inserted “authorized by section 1592(a)(1), (2), and (3) of this title, including 75 per centum of the total costs of
Construction
, operation, and maintenance of the associated measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, 70 per centum of the total costs of
Construction
, operation, maintenance, and replacement of each unit, or separable feature thereof authorized by section 1592(a)(4) and (5) of this title, including 70 per centum of the total costs of
Construction
, operation, and maintenance of the associated measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, and 70 per centum of the total costs of implementation of the on-farm measures authorized by section 1592(c) of this title, including 70 per centum of the total costs of the associated measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone,” after “shall be nonreimbursable” and further inserted “The total costs remaining after these allocations shall be reimbursable as provided for in paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (5), of subsection (a)” at the end thereof. Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 98–569, § 4(d), substituted “
Construction
and replacement of each unit” for “
Construction
, operation, maintenance, and replacement of each unit” before “or separable features thereof”, inserted “authorized by section 1592(a)(1), (2), and (3) of this title and costs of
Construction
of measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, when such measures are a part of the units authorized by section 1592(a)(1), (2), and (3) of this title” before “allocated”, and inserted “or within a period equal to the estimated life of the unit, separable feature thereof, or replacement, whichever is less,” before “without interest”. Subsec. (a)(4), (5). Pub. L. 98–569, § 4(e), added pars. (4) and (5). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–569, § 4(f)(1), inserted “authorized by section 1592(a) of this title, costs of
Construction
, operation, and maintenance of measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, and costs of implementation of the on-farm measures authorized by section 1592(c) of this title,” before “allocated for repayment”. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 98–569, § 4(g), inserted “authorized by section 1592(a) of this title, costs of
Construction
, operation, and maintenance of measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, and costs of implementation of the on-farm measures authorized by section 1592(c) of this title” before “allocated for”. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 98–569, § 4(i), struck out “of
Construction
, operation, maintenance, and replacement of units” before “allocated under”, inserted “to the Upper Colorado River Basin Fund” after “allocated”, inserted “, subsection (a)(4) and subsection (a)(5)” after “subsection (a)(3)”, and inserted “, for the
Construction
, operation and maintenance of measures to replace incidental fish and wildlife values foregone, and for the implementation of on-farm measures” after “salinity control units”.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
of 2008 AmendmentAmendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an
Effective Date
note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.
Effective Date
of 1984 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 98–569 effective Oct. 30, 1984, see section 6 of Pub. L. 98–569, set out as a note under section 1591 of this title. Termination of Advisory CouncilsAdvisory councils established after Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of their establishment, unless, in the case of a council established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such council is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a council established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided for by law. See section 1001(2) and 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
Reference
Citations & Metadata
Citation
43 U.S.C. § 1595
Title 43 — Public Lands
Last Updated
Apr 6, 2026
Release point: 119-73