Title 5Government Organization and EmployeesRelease 119-73

§3322 Voluntary separation before resolution of personnel investigation

Title 5 › Part PART III— - EMPLOYEES › Subpart Subpart B— - Employment and Retention › Chapter CHAPTER 33— - EXAMINATION, SELECTION, AND PLACEMENT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - EXAMINATION, CERTIFICATION, AND APPOINTMENT › § 3322

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

If a federal employee in the competitive or excepted service quits while under a personnel investigation and the agency finds against them, the agency must put a permanent note in the employee’s official personnel file. The agency must do that within 40 days after the investigation ends. Before adding the note, the agency must notify the employee in writing within 5 days of the investigation’s end and give copies of the negative finding and supporting papers. The employee gets at least 30 days to reply in writing and give evidence. The agency must then send a written decision with its reasons as soon as possible. The employee can appeal the decision to the Merit Systems Protection Board under section 7701. If the employee appeals, the agency must add a file note saying the appeal is pending within 2 weeks of the appeal filing. If the agency wins, that pending note must be removed within 2 weeks of the Board’s decision. If the employee wins, both the pending note and the adverse finding note must be removed within 2 weeks of the Board’s decision. "Personnel investigation" here means an Inspector General investigation or an investigation/action about performance, misconduct, or similar causes under chapters 43 or 75.

Full Legal Text

Title 5, §3322

Government Organization and Employees — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)With respect to any employee occupying a position in the competitive service or the excepted service who is the subject of a personnel investigation and resigns from Government employment prior to the resolution of such investigation, the head of the agency from which such employee so resigns shall, if an adverse finding was made with respect to such employee pursuant to such investigation, make a permanent notation in the employee’s official personnel record file. The head shall make such notation not later than 40 days after the date of the resolution of such investigation.
(b)Prior to making a permanent notation in an employee’s official personnel record file under subsection (a), the head of the agency shall—
(1)notify the employee in writing within 5 days of the resolution of the investigation and provide such employee a copy of the adverse finding and any supporting documentation;
(2)provide the employee with a reasonable time, but not less than 30 days, to respond in writing and to furnish affidavits and other documentary evidence to show why the adverse finding was unfounded (a summary of which shall be included in any notation made to the employee’s personnel file under subsection (d)); and
(3)provide a written decision and the specific reasons therefore to the employee at the earliest practicable date.
(c)An employee is entitled to appeal the decision of the head of the agency to make a permanent notation under subsection (a) to the Merit Systems Protection Board under section 7701.
(d)(1)If an employee files an appeal with the Merit Systems Protection Board pursuant to subsection (c), the agency head shall make a notation in the employee’s official personnel record file indicating that an appeal disputing the notation is pending not later than 2 weeks after the date on which such appeal was filed.
(2)If the head of the agency is the prevailing party on appeal, not later than 2 weeks after the date that the Board issues the appeal decision, the head of the agency shall remove the notation made under paragraph (1) from the employee’s official personnel record file.
(3)If the employee is the prevailing party on appeal, not later than 2 weeks after the date that the Board issues the appeal decision, the head of the agency shall remove the notation made under paragraph (1) and the notation of an adverse finding made under subsection (a) from the employee’s official personnel record file.
(e)In this section, the term “personnel investigation” includes—
(1)an investigation by an Inspector General; and
(2)an adverse personnel action as a result of performance, misconduct, or for such cause as will promote the efficiency of the service under chapter 43 or chapter 75.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

A prior section 3322, Pub. L. 89–554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 422, related to temporary appointments after age 70 in the competitive service, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 95–256, § 5(b)(1), Apr. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 191, effective Sept. 30, 1978.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Pub. L. 114–328, div. A, title XI, § 1140(b), Dec. 23, 2016, 130 Stat. 2471, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [enacting this section] shall apply to any employee described in section 3322 of title 5, United States Code, (as added by such subsection) who leaves the service after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 23, 2016].”

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

5 U.S.C. § 3322

Title 5Government Organization and Employees

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73