FCC Proposes Ditching Old Tech for Better Deaf Phone Relay
Published Date: 1/2/2026
Proposed Rule
Summary
The FCC wants to update how people use relay services that help those with hearing or speech challenges talk on the phone. They’re planning to phase out old TTY technology, add new internet-based options, and make sure providers and users are properly certified. These changes aim to keep relay services working smoothly as phone networks get modern, with comments open until early March 2026.
Analyzed Economic Effects
6 provisions identified: 3 benefits, 2 costs, 1 mixed.
Phasing Out Mandatory TTY Relay
The FCC proposes letting states stop requiring traditional TTY-based relay services (TTY Relay). The rule notes annual intrastate TTY Relay usage is under 2 million minutes overall and many jurisdictions reported fewer than 1,000 minutes in 2024, and the FCC is seeking comments (comments due February 2, 2026; reply comments due March 3, 2026).
Consider Nationwide RTT Funding
The FCC seeks comment on recognizing real-time text (RTT)-based relay as a compensable form of TRS and on whether to provide TRS Fund support for a nationwide RTT-based relay service for states that do not offer RTT. The NPRM explicitly asks whether RTT-based relay should be funded from the Interstate TRS Fund.
Authorize IP Speech-to-Speech (IP STS)
The FCC proposes to authorize internet Protocol Speech-to-Speech (IP STS), including video-assisted STS, as a compensable form of TRS and to require certification comparable to other internet-based TRS services. The NPRM asks whether IP STS providers should be certified and compensated through the Interstate TRS Fund.
User Registration and Verification Rules
The FCC seeks comment on applying user eligibility, registration, verification, and call-detail record requirements to all forms of TRS to prevent waste, fraud, and abuse. The NPRM asks about specific verification processes and how to balance ease of access with program safeguards.
Transitioning Captioned Telephone Service Users
The FCC notes many states are winding down analog Captioned Telephone Service (CTS) and asks about transitioning users to IP CTS or native automatic speech recognition (ASR) captions on smart devices. The NPRM asks whether subsidies, equipment distribution programs, or other assistance are needed to help users who lack broadband or compatible devices.
STS Mandatory Status Preserved Now
The FCC does not propose changing the mandatory status of analog Speech-to-Speech (STS) at this time; STS will remain a required service that states with certified TRS programs must offer. The NPRM notes STS annual usage remains under 400,000 minutes.
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Key Dates
Department and Agencies
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