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AlaskaHB 10134th Legislature (2025-2026)House

CRIMES AGAINST MINORS; AGE CONSENT TO 18

Sponsored By: Andrew Gray (Democratic)

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

12 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 3 costs, 7 mixed.

Abuse survivors gain access to damages

You can sue the perpetrator for damages if you were under 18 when sexually abused. Your claim must involve intentional conduct and an injury or condition caused by the abuse. The prior age limit was under 16, so this right now includes people abused at ages 16 or 17.

Adults face broader teen enticement rules

The law extends protections from sexual enticement and harmful sexual material to 16- and 17-year-olds, broadening adult criminal liability. Enticement covers adults 18 or older who knowingly encourage acts listed in Alaska law involving someone under 18, at least two years younger. It also covers adults who believe those age conditions are met, even when the other person is actually 18 or older. Adults also face charges for intentionally distributing, or holding with intent to distribute, material showing specified sexual conduct that is harmful to minors. That rule uses the same two-year age gap and knowledge-or-belief test; actual age is not a defense to belief-based charges.

Broader bans on intimate teen images

The law expands criminal restrictions on intimate images, protecting more minors while increasing legal exposure for people handling those images. Sharing an electronic photo or video to annoy or humiliate someone is covered when it depicts another person's genitals, anus, or female breast. The image must have been taken when that person was under 18; the prior limit was under 16. A separate offense covers adults 18 or older who request or make these pictures of someone under 18, at least four years younger, or believe those age conditions apply. That separate offense applies only when the conduct is not already prohibited by AS 11.41.455 or AS 11.61.123.

Murder charges cover more teen deaths

Child-related murder rules now cover victims under 18, rather than under 16, strengthening protections and expanding murder liability. First-degree murder includes criminally negligent serious injury from at least two separate acts, one causing death, with conduct knowingly directed at the child. It also includes a child's death during, in furtherance of, or immediately fleeing a sexual offense or kidnapping against the child, including attempts. Second-degree murder includes criminally negligent child deaths caused by someone with a qualifying prior child-related felony. Qualifying priors include listed Alaska felonies, similar crimes elsewhere, and attempts, solicitations, or conspiracies involving a child under 18.

Older teens gain sexual abuse protections

Older teens gain protection through broader sexual abuse charges. Penetration is first-degree abuse when an offender 18 or older has authority over a victim under 18, at least two years younger. That authority can come through a shared household or another position; sexual contact under these same conditions is second-degree abuse. With an offender at least 17 and a victim age 16 or 17 at least six years younger, penetration is second-degree abuse and sexual contact is third-degree abuse. The law took effect immediately; its criminal changes apply to offenses committed on or after that date.

Older teen witnesses gain court protections

Courts can provide special support to victims and witnesses under 18 in criminal cases involving offenses under AS 11.41. A court can appoint a guardian ad litem to represent the child's interests. It can also allow closed-circuit television or one-way-mirror testimony when normal procedures would prevent the child from communicating effectively. The age limit increased from under 16 to under 18.

More child cases affect felony sentences

A qualifying out-of-state felony for a lewd or lascivious act against a child under 18 counts as a prior sexual felony. The act must have been intended to arouse or satisfy sexual desire, and the classification affects Alaska sexual-felony sentencing. Courts can also raise sentences for qualifying domestic-violence felonies committed in a child's presence or hearing. The child must be under 18 and live in the victim's home, the offender's home, or the home where the offense occurred. These rules apply to offenses committed on or after the law's immediate effective date.

Prison terms expand for teen deaths

Specified homicide sentencing rules now cover victims under 18, rather than under 16. For second-degree murder, the court must impose 20 to 99 years after finding a listed parent, guardian, or authority relationship, or death caused by a listed crime against a person. That finding must be supported by clear and convincing evidence. A first felony conviction under AS 11.41.130 carries a presumptive sentence of two to four years when the victim was under 18.

Repeated exposure can mean lifetime registration

Indecent exposure before someone under 18 counts as a sex offense after a prior conviction under AS 11.41.460 or AS 26.05.900(c). More than two convictions for exposure before someone under 18 count as two or more sex-offense convictions for registration duration. That classification can require lifetime registration. These registration changes apply to offenses committed on or after the law's immediate effective date. The law also repeals AS 11.41.436(a)(6), AS 11.41.440(a)(2), and AS 12.63.100(7)(C)(ii); the supplied text does not explain their practical effects.

Child neglect rules cover older teens

First-degree child-endangerment rules now protect children under 18, rather than under 16, expanding caregivers' criminal liability. They apply to parents, guardians, and others legally responsible for the child's care. Covered acts include desertion in dangerous places and leaving a child with people barred by the law's caregiver rules. Those rules include specified registered sex offenders, charged caregivers, and caregivers with prior child mistreatment or sexual contact. The offense also covers recklessly withholding adequate food or liquids when it causes lasting health impairment.

Older teens gain assault and stalking safeguards

The law extends assault and stalking protections to older teens and broadens offenders' criminal exposure. Third-degree assault covers adults 18 or older who knowingly injure someone under 18, at least two years younger, requiring medical treatment. A reasonable belief that the victim was 18 or older is a defense, but not when the victim was under 13. Conduct meeting Alaska's stalking law qualifies as first-degree stalking when the victim is under 18. Both victim-age limits increased from under 16 to under 18.

Stronger exposure penalties around older teens

The law extends stronger indecent-exposure protections and penalties to cases involving 16- and 17-year-olds. First-degree indecent exposure observed by someone under 18 is a class B felony. Second-degree exposure before someone under 18 is a class A misdemeanor; before someone 18 or older, it is class B. The age dividing these classifications increased from 16 to 18.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • Andrew Gray

    Democratic • House

Cosponsors

  • Jesse Bjorkman

    Republican • Senate

  • Jeremy Bynum

    Republican • House

  • Mike Cronk

    Republican • Senate

  • David Nelson

    Republican • House

  • Zack Fields

    Democratic • House

  • Alyse Galvin

    Not • House

  • Cathy Giessel

    Republican • Senate

  • Elvi Gray-Jackson

    Democratic • Senate

  • Rebecca Himschoot

    Not • House

  • Nellie Unangiq Jimmie

    Democratic • House

  • Andy Josephson

    Democratic • House

  • Scott Kawasaki

    Democratic • Senate

  • Chuck Kopp

    Republican • House

  • Kelly Merrick

    Republican • Senate

  • Genevieve Mina

    Democratic • House

  • Robert Myers

    Republican • Senate

  • Calvin Schrage

    Not • House

  • Andi Story

    Democratic • House

  • Cathy Tilton

    Republican • Senate

  • Frank Tomaszewski

    Republican • House

  • Sarah Vance

    Republican • House

  • Robert Yundt

    Republican • Senate

Roll Call Votes

No roll call votes available for this bill.

Actions Timeline

  1. (S) CROSS SPONSOR(S): MERRICK, GIESSEL

    4/13/2026Senate

  2. (S) Heard & Held

    3/23/2026Senate

  3. (S) JUDICIARY at 01:30 PM BUTROVICH 205

    3/23/2026Senate

  4. Audio/Video

    3/23/2026House

  5. (S) CRONK

    3/4/2026Senate

  6. (S) CROSS SPONSOR(S): GRAY-JACKSON, MYERS, TILTON, KAWASAKI, YUNDT, BJORKMAN,

    3/4/2026Senate

  7. (S) Heard & Held

    2/25/2026Senate

  8. (S) JUDICIARY at 01:30 PM BUTROVICH 205

    2/25/2026Senate

  9. Audio/Video

    2/25/2026House

  10. (S) Heard & Held

    2/9/2026Senate

  11. (S) JUDICIARY at 01:30 PM BUTROVICH 205

    2/9/2026Senate

  12. Audio/Video

    2/9/2026House

  13. (S) REFERRED TO JUDICIARY

    5/19/2025Senate

  14. (S) JUD, FIN

    5/19/2025Senate

  15. (S) READ THE FIRST TIME - REFERRALS

    5/19/2025Senate

  16. (H) VERSION: CSHB 101(FIN)

    5/19/2025House

  17. (H) TRANSMITTED TO (S)

    5/19/2025House

  18. (H) COSPONSOR(S): KOPP, NELSON

    5/19/2025House

  19. (H) EFFECTIVE DATE(S) SAME AS PASSAGE

    5/19/2025House

  20. (H) PASSED ON RECONSIDERATION Y39 A1

    5/19/2025House

  21. (H) RECON SAME DAY UC - IN THIRD READING

    5/19/2025House

  22. (H) STUTES NOTICE OF RECONSIDERATION

    5/19/2025House

  23. (H) EFFECTIVE DATE(S) SAME AS PASSAGE

    5/19/2025House

  24. (H) PASSED Y39 A1

    5/19/2025House

  25. (H) READ THE THIRD TIME CSHB 101(FIN)

    5/19/2025House

Bill Text

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