All Roll Calls
Yes: 149 • No: 95
ColoradoSB25-0202025 Regular SessionSenateWALLET
Tenant and Landlord Law Enforcement
Sponsored By: Javier Mabrey (Democratic), Julie Gonzales (Democratic), Mandy Lindsay (Democratic), Mike Weissman (Democratic)
Signed by Governor
Housing
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
5 provisions identified: 3 benefits, 0 costs, 2 mixed.
Renters gain protections during court management
During a multifamily property's receivership, tenant rent, fees, and costs cannot exceed their levels when the receiver was appointed. An eviction case cannot be started for nonpayment arising before the receivership began. Rent due during the receivership can still lead to an eviction case, and tenants keep their defenses and counterclaims. Appointment does not erase tenants' rights to remedies for covered earlier violations, including failures to keep housing livable. A limited exclusion still applies to earlier habitability breaches identified by the law.
Court managers repair unsafe rental housing
Colorado district courts can appoint an independent housing manager, called a receiver, to run multifamily properties with qualifying housing-safety violations. Appointment requires proof that violations more likely than not occurred and that required notice was served. The Attorney General can apply for covered violations, except section 38-12-503(5); local governments can apply based on a pattern or practice. Landlords, lessees, mortgage lenders, and the Department of Local Affairs acting for local governments also have petition rights. Notice must reach affected parties and be posted at the property; hearings cannot occur sooner than three business days after service. The receiver must have housing experience, submit a repair plan within 30 days, and report at least every 30 days. Receivers must limit tenant disruption, communicate with tenants at least weekly, and use rent first for utilities and services, then repairs and receivership obligations. They can manage contracts, borrow against the property, place liens, and sell assets to fund their work; receiver fees come only from money raised through property liens. Landlords remain responsible for taxes, mortgages, maintenance, and other liabilities. Claims against the receivership are limited to its assets and income, including insurance; suing the receiver requires court approval.
Owners face conditions to end receivership
After at least 90 days, owners, whole-property lessees, the Attorney General, or local governments can ask to end receivership. The court must find that ending it serves tenants and the public, with remaining work scheduled and costs covered. This route requires payment or deposits, assumption of receiver debts, and an owner, operator, or manager bond capped at 50% of property value. The court can also end receivership once the receiver finishes the work and fixes violations; termination requires final accounting and tenant notice. Courts can require monitoring, reappoint a receiver after unmet conditions, and forfeit a required bond for later habitability violations.
Local governments can enforce rental protections
Colorado counties and municipalities can independently bring civil cases to enforce covered landlord-tenant protections. Their authority covers parts 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12, and 14 of the state's landlord-tenant statutes. Beginning January 1, 2026, they can also enforce parts 4, 8, and 10. Contracted private lawyers cannot charge more than $500 per hour, and governments can use up to 10% of covered monetary awards for case costs, including attorney fees. Counties and municipalities can also work with housing authorities serving their areas.
State gains stronger rental enforcement tools
Colorado's Attorney General can independently bring civil and criminal cases to enforce covered landlord-tenant laws using existing funding. Beginning January 1, 2026, that authority also covers parts 4, 8, and 10 of the state's landlord-tenant statutes. Investigative tools include subpoenas for testimony and records, sworn testimony, hearings, court orders to stop violations, and agreements to stop unlawful conduct. Courts must allow access to suppressed records when someone affirms, in writing or electronically, that they represent the Attorney General. Access must support an investigation into state-law violations the Attorney General is authorized to enforce.
Sponsors & Cosponsors
Sponsors
Javier Mabrey
Democratic • House
Julie Gonzales
Democratic • Senate
Mandy Lindsay
Democratic • House
Mike Weissman
Democratic • Senate
Cosponsors
Chad Clifford
Democratic • House
Cecelia Espenoza
Democratic • House
Emily Sirota
Democratic • House
Elizabeth Velasco
Democratic • House
Jennifer Bacon
Democratic • House
Jamie Jackson
Democratic • House
Junie Joseph
Democratic • House
Kyle Brown
Democratic • House
Lorena Garcia
Democratic • House
Meg Froelich
Democratic • House
Manny Rutinel
Democratic • House
Naquetta Ricks
Democratic • House
Tammy Story
Democratic • House
Yara Zokaie
Democratic • House
Dafna Michaelson Jenet
Democratic • Senate
Sen. F. Winter
Affiliation unavailable
Jeff Bridges
Democratic • Senate
James Coleman
Democratic • Senate
Katie Wallace
Democratic • Senate
Lisa Cutter
Democratic • Senate
Matt Ball
Democratic • Senate
Robert Rodriguez
Democratic • Senate
Tom Sullivan
Democratic • Senate
Roll Call Votes
Senate vote • 4/28/2025
House amendments: Concur
Yes: 33 • No: 0
Senate vote • 4/28/2025
House amendments: Repass
Yes: 20 • No: 13
House vote • 4/25/2025
Third reading: Bill
Yes: 40 • No: 23
House vote • 4/15/2025
Refer Senate Bill 25-020, as amended, to the Committee of the Whole.
Yes: 6 • No: 5
House vote • 4/15/2025
Adopt amendment L.009 (Attachment J)
Yes: 5 • No: 6
House vote • 4/15/2025
Adopt amendment L.015 as amended (Attachment I)
Yes: 4 • No: 7
Senate vote • 3/31/2025
Third reading: Bill
Yes: 20 • No: 14
Senate vote • 3/28/2025
Committee of the whole: Cow * (s.001)
Yes: 13 • No: 21
Senate vote • 3/26/2025
Refer Senate Bill 25-020 to the Committee of the Whole.
Yes: 4 • No: 3
Senate vote • 3/10/2025
Refer Senate Bill 25-020, as amended, to the Committee on Appropriations.
Yes: 4 • No: 3
Actions Timeline
Governor Signed
5/28/2025HouseSigned by the Speaker of the House
5/2/2025HouseSent to the Governor
5/2/2025HouseSigned by the President of the Senate
5/1/2025SenateSenate Considered House Amendments - Result was to Concur - Repass
4/28/2025SenateHouse Third Reading Passed - No Amendments
4/25/2025HouseHouse Second Reading Special Order - Passed with Amendments - Committee, Floor
4/24/2025HouseHouse Second Reading Laid Over Daily - No Amendments
4/21/2025HouseHouse Second Reading Laid Over to 04/21/2025 - No Amendments
4/17/2025HouseHouse Committee on Judiciary Refer Amended to House Committee of the Whole
4/15/2025HouseSenate Third Reading Passed - No Amendments
3/31/2025SenateIntroduced In House - Assigned to Judiciary
3/31/2025HouseSenate Second Reading Passed with Amendments - Committee
3/28/2025SenateSenate Committee on Appropriations Refer Unamended to Senate Committee of the Whole
3/26/2025SenateSenate Committee on Judiciary Refer Amended to Appropriations
3/10/2025SenateSenate Committee on Judiciary Lay Over Unamended - Amendment(s) Failed
2/19/2025SenateIntroduced In Senate - Assigned to Judiciary
1/8/2025Senate
Bill Text
Engrossed
Final Act
House Judiciary Preamend
Introduced
Reengrossed
Rerevised
Revised
Senate Judiciary Preamend
Signed Act