All Roll Calls
Yes: 213 • No: 61
ColoradoSB25-0832025 Regular SessionSenateWALLET
Limitations on Restrictive Employment Agreements
Sponsored By: Kyle Brown (Democratic), Lindsey Daugherty (Democratic), Lisa Frizell (Republican), Lori Garcia Sander (Republican)
Signed by Governor
Health Care & Health InsuranceLabor & Employment
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
4 provisions identified: 1 benefits, 0 costs, 3 mixed.
Fewer job restrictions for health-care providers
Colorado excludes restrictions on practicing medicine, advanced practice nursing, or dentistry from two exceptions allowing work restrictions. Generally, these exceptions require full-year cash pay of at least the highly paid worker threshold, or 60% for customer-solicitation limits. Both pay tests apply when agreements are signed and enforced; restrictions must be narrowly limited to protecting trade secrets. Protected patient messages include continued practice, new professional contact details, and patient choice, for patients consulted or treated before departure. These rules cover agreements entered into or renewed on or after the law’s effective date.
Worker expense repayments shrink over time
Employers can require repayment of covered relocation costs, signing bonuses, and payments to establish a health-care practice in a specified area. Covered costs also include health-care provider recruiting and individual provider marketing expenses. Relocation repayment is limited to reasonable relocation costs. Any allowed recovery must fall proportionately with each month since employment began and end within three years.
Some minority owners get noncompete limits
Business sales can include owner noncompetes, including sales of ownership shares or all or substantially all business assets. A duration cap protects minority owners who received their shares as equity pay or for services. Maximum years equal the sale payment received divided by average yearly cash pay from the business, including ownership income. That average uses the shorter of the prior two years or the owner’s time with the business.
Worker secrecy rules retain key limits
Employers can enforce reasonable confidentiality and trade-secret terms relevant to their business. Those terms cannot block sharing general training, knowledge, skills, experience, publicly available information, or legally protected disclosures. Lawful agreement terms remain enforceable, with legal remedies including agreed damages. These rules do not make unlawful work restrictions enforceable.
Sponsors & Cosponsors
Sponsors
Kyle Brown
Democratic • House
Lindsey Daugherty
Democratic • Senate
Lisa Frizell
Republican • Senate
Lori Garcia Sander
Republican • House
Cosponsors
Andrew Boesenecker
Democratic • House
Chad Clifford
Democratic • House
Sheila Lieder
Democratic • House
Cathy Kipp
Democratic • Senate
Sen. F. Winter
Affiliation unavailable
Iman Jodeh
Democratic • Senate
Jeff Bridges
Democratic • Senate
James Coleman
Democratic • Senate
Lisa Cutter
Democratic • Senate
Marc Snyder
Democratic • Senate
Mike Weissman
Democratic • Senate
Roll Call Votes
Senate vote • 4/21/2025
House amendments: Repass
Yes: 28 • No: 7
Senate vote • 4/21/2025
House amendments: Concur
Yes: 35 • No: 0
House vote • 4/14/2025
Third reading: Bill
Yes: 56 • No: 8
House vote • 4/11/2025
Committee of the whole: Amd (h.001)
Yes: 32 • No: 29
House vote • 4/3/2025
Adopt amendment L.004
Yes: 6 • No: 7
House vote • 4/3/2025
Adopt amendment L.008
Yes: 9 • No: 4
House vote • 4/3/2025
Refer Senate Bill 25-083, as amended, to the Committee of the Whole.
Yes: 13 • No: 0
Senate vote • 3/12/2025
Third reading: Bill
Yes: 29 • No: 5
Senate vote • 3/6/2025
Refer Senate Bill 25-083, as amended, to the Committee of the Whole.
Yes: 5 • No: 1
Actions Timeline
Governor Signed
6/3/2025HouseSigned by the President of the Senate
5/8/2025SenateSigned by the Speaker of the House
5/8/2025HouseSent to the Governor
5/8/2025HouseSenate Considered House Amendments - Result was to Concur - Repass
4/21/2025SenateHouse Third Reading Passed - No Amendments
4/14/2025HouseHouse Second Reading Special Order - Passed with Amendments - Committee, Floor
4/11/2025HouseHouse Second Reading Laid Over Daily - No Amendments
4/8/2025HouseHouse Committee on Business Affairs & Labor Refer Amended to House Committee of the Whole
4/3/2025HouseSenate Third Reading Passed - No Amendments
3/12/2025SenateIntroduced In House - Assigned to Business Affairs & Labor
3/12/2025HouseSenate Second Reading Passed with Amendments - Committee
3/11/2025SenateSenate Committee on Business, Labor, & Technology Refer Amended to Senate Committee of the Whole
3/6/2025SenateIntroduced In Senate - Assigned to Business, Labor, & Technology
1/23/2025Senate
Bill Text
Engrossed
Final Act
Introduced
Reengrossed
Rerevised
Revised
Signed Act