All Roll Calls
Yes: 534 • No: 187
MissouriHB4952025 Regular SessionHouseWALLET
Modifies provisions relating to public safety
Sponsored By: Brad Christ (Republican)
Signed by Governor
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
39 provisions identified: 16 benefits, 17 costs, 6 mixed.
More help after wrongful felony convictions
People convicted of Missouri felonies can qualify for restitution through qualifying court findings of actual innocence, not just DNA evidence. Release, appeal, and concurrent-sentence requirements still apply. Restitution is $179 per day of postconviction imprisonment, capped at $65,000 per person each fiscal year. Payments occur June 30, subject to appropriations and available funds; this remedy replaces civil suits and includes automatic record expungement. Recipients may also receive counseling, housing help, or financial skills support, but no specific service level is guaranteed.
Prosecutor pay depends on case practices
Two portions of covered Missouri prosecutors' annual salaries depend on meeting specific requirements. A $5,000 portion requires approved case-data collection and ready access for the Missouri Office of Prosecution Services. A separate $3,000 portion requires sharing case evidence through the approved process with defense attorneys who have appeared for defendants. Each portion is unpaid when its requirement is not met. These rules cover county prosecuting attorneys and the circuit attorney of a city not within a county.
Defendants and victims gain informant information
Beginning January 1, 2026, prosecutors must disclose informant information to all attorneys of record within 14 days of witness endorsement. Required details include criminal history, cooperation benefits, relevant statements and recantations, and testimony and benefits in other cases. The informant definition excludes codefendants and victims involved in the case. Victims also have a right to the endorsed informant's name and information about benefits requested, offered, or potentially provided.
Jail families gain phone access protections
County and city jails must provide reasonable phone access during confinement. Jails may restrict access as discipline, and no minimum number of calls is set. Correctional facilities cannot charge more than $0.12 per minute for domestic calls, including all fees.
Pregnant jail inmates gain restraint protections
County and city jails face restraint limits during the third trimester, specified medical care, labor, and delivery. Some protections cover the first 48 hours after birth. Transport vehicles must have seatbelts; permitted restraints must be reasonable, with wrist restraints in front and some restraint types barred. Extraordinary flight, medical, or security risks can justify exceptions, documented within 48 hours and retained for at least five years. Jails must train staff and inform female inmates about these policies.
State ends prisoner asset recovery program
The law repeals the state framework for recovering incarceration costs from prisoners' assets. It also removes related enforcement procedures and the program's revolving fund. The state can no longer use this framework to seek those costs.
New care protections for pregnant jail residents
By January 1, 2026, county and city jails must adopt care procedures for pregnant and postpartum people. Procedures must cover maternal exams, prenatal vitamins, nutritious meals following obstetric guidelines, substance-use treatment, and HIV and hepatitis C care. They must also address sleeping arrangements, mental-health access, sanitary supplies, and postpartum recovery. Third-trimester restraints and isolation during postpartum recovery are allowed only in extraordinary circumstances. The law also requires staff training and notices.
Higher pay and salary floors for police
Covered police boards set salaries without prior legislative approval, but cannot pay members less than on the law's effective date. Boards must provide extra pay for completed accredited college work, up to 10% of yearly salary. Designated field training officers and lead officers each qualify for up to 3% extra yearly pay. Boards may designate up to 150 field training officers and 50 lead officers. For members through police officer rank, extra pay rises from 5% to 10% of base hourly pay for each full hour worked between 11:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m.
Police overtime earns time and a half
Covered probationary patrolmen, patrolmen, and sergeants earn 1.5 times regular hourly pay for eligible work beyond their regular working period. Court and court-standby time earn the regular rate. The first 40 accumulated authorized overtime and court hours are compensatory time off, at the officer's choice with supervisor approval. Additional pay applies after that threshold. Restrictions remain for lieutenants and higher ranks; their additional overtime pay cannot come from city or board general funds.
Police transfers protect jobs and retirement benefits
When the police board takes control, it must initially employ commissioned and civilian staff working there immediately before the transfer. Their rank, salary, and benefits cannot be reduced, and accrued service must be recognized. Transferred staff keep the listed holidays, leave, sick bonus time, and annual step increases. People who retired before the takeover keep their existing pension benefits and remain entitled to benefits provided to transferred staff.
Obstructing police governance brings financial penalties
Forcibly resisting or obstructing enforcement of covered police-governance provisions carries a $1,000 penalty per offense. The same penalty covers violations of police organization or maintenance rules and failures to perform required duties. Covered offenders also lose eligibility for specified city or police-governance offices and jobs. The board can recover penalties through a civil action, and state criminal punishment can still apply.
Vehicles face forfeiture after covered offenses
Vehicles used in resisting or interfering with arrest may be impounded and forfeited after convictions or guilty pleas punishable as class E felonies. Separate local forfeiture authority covers charter cities over 100,000 people in first-class counties bordering no other first-class county. Those cities may authorize forfeiture for driving with a suspended or revoked license following two separate stunt-driving or takeover violations. Each prior violation must have injured or killed another person; the authority also covers aggravated fleeing. Existing procedures apply, and forfeiture is not automatic.
Protection-order monitoring continues with consent
The law removes the August 28, 2024 expiration of electronic monitoring with victim notification in specified protection-order cases. Courts can order monitoring only with the protected person's informed consent. The monitored person pays unless indigent; for indigent people, the Department of Corrections determines their share using income and dependents. Device alerts provide probable cause for arrest, and agencies must share monitoring information. Suppliers generally have liability protection, except for manufacturing defects.
Victims gain custody information and photos
Eligible victims and witnesses who request custody notices in writing must receive notice within 30 days of a confined person's death. Victims can also request a defendant's photograph from the Missouri Department of Corrections. The photograph must have been taken before the defendant's release.
Jail phone calls get price caps
A jail or other party cannot charge an incarcerated person more than 12 cents per minute for domestic phone calls. The cap includes all fees and per-minute charges. This limits costs for incarcerated people and households paying for their calls.
Missouri repeals the specific rioting offense
The law repeals the class A misdemeanor offense of rioting. It covered knowingly assembling with at least six others, agreeing to violate criminal laws by force or violence, and doing so together. Other criminal laws can still apply to the underlying conduct.
Police agencies gain cross-jurisdiction assistance rules
Agency leaders or their designees may request police assistance from another jurisdiction, including elsewhere in the United States. Officers making arrests outside their jurisdiction must hand the person to the first available officer commissioned there. They must also help prepare probable-cause affidavits. Assisting officers remain employees of their own agencies.
Task force studies missing Black women
A state task force studies missing and murdered African American women and girls, violence prevention, and victim and community support. It examines data collection and government practices, with Department of Public Safety administrative support. Its first meeting is required before October 1, 2025, with annual reports due December 31 to the governor and General Assembly. It ends December 31, 2027, unless the department extends it through December 31, 2029. Members may receive reimbursement for necessary actual meeting expenses.
School safety committee develops prevention guidelines
The law creates a school safety committee within the Missouri Department of Public Safety. It must meet at least four times yearly, including once each calendar quarter. It evaluates safety concerns and develops guidelines, including plans to prevent school firearm violence. It must send an annual written report to the governor and legislative leaders.
State repays police boards for eligible claims
The state reimburses covered police commissioner boards from the legal expense fund for eligible liability claims they have already paid. Claims must qualify under the state's legal expense fund law. Reimbursements are allocated in equal shares per claim, capped at $2 million per fiscal year. Payments go to police boards, not directly to households.
Innocence care-cost exemption is removed
The law deletes the express care-cost exemption for people a court finds actually innocent. This deletion does not specify a charge or payment formula. Because the law also repeals the incarceration-cost recovery framework, the deletion alone does not establish that someone owes money.
Private security workers need city licenses
Private watchmen, detectives, and security personnel serving in the covered city must obtain a police-board license before working. The board may regulate this work. Violations of board regulations carry penalties set by ordinance; no license fee or penalty amount is stated.
Arrest reports include requested immigration information
Missouri law enforcement agencies must submit citizenship or immigration status information when the Department of Public Safety requires it. The requirement covers arrests for offenses reportable under section 43.506. This provision places the reporting duty on agencies, not arrested individuals.
Drug-use facilities face new operating limits
People and organizations cannot knowingly provide facilities for self-administration of preobtained controlled substances whose possession is punishable and otherwise unauthorized. The prohibition covers owning, leasing, managing, operating, and other knowing control or use of such facilities. Health care facilities licensed under Chapters 197 or 198 are exempt when providing listed services. Those services include assistance or monitoring, sterile supplies, needle collection, or secure disposal.
Forceful obstruction brings higher criminal penalties
Obstructing a government function through violence or force is now a class A misdemeanor. Without violence or force, the offense remains a class B misdemeanor.
Longer prison terms for child sex trafficking
First-degree child sex trafficking now covers children under 14, up from under 12, including the belief-of-age defense. The sentence is life imprisonment, with at least 30 years before probation or parole eligibility, up from 25. For second-degree trafficking involving children under 18, the minimum prison term rises from 10 to 20 years. That sentence can reach life, with a fine up to $250,000. When force, abduction, or coercion is involved, the separate requirement to serve 25 years before probation or parole remains.
More crimes trigger civil forfeiture proceedings
Missouri investigative agencies can bring civil asset-forfeiture proceedings for additional categories of criminal activity. These include motor-vehicle felonies under Chapter 304 and offenses under Chapters 573 and 575. Chapter 578 offenses qualify only when committed by a criminal street gang. People or property connected to these offenses face broader exposure to civil proceedings.
Organized retail theft brings higher penalties
Organized retail theft includes coordinated stealing, knowingly receiving stolen business property, and managing its transfer or sale for profit. Receiving or possessing property also qualifies when there are reasonable grounds to believe it was stolen from a business. Theft and damage totaling $750 to under $10,000 is a class C felony; $10,000 or more is class B. Acts under an ongoing agreement can be combined across times and jurisdictions to determine value. After a local prosecutor's written request, the Attorney General may prosecute the theft and directly related offenses where they occurred, with state-paid costs and fees.
Repeat unauthorized lien filings face harsher penalties
Filing an unauthorized common-law lien is a class B misdemeanor for a first offense. A second offense is a class A misdemeanor. A third or later offense is a class E felony, and the person is treated as a persistent offender.
Serious bus crimes become dangerous felonies
Bus hijacking punished as a class A felony now counts as a dangerous felony. Planting a bomb or explosive in or near a bus or terminal also receives that classification. The designation changes how these offenses are treated in criminal cases.
Sheriffs and officers face training requirements
Most sheriff candidates must hold a valid peace officer license when filing for office. Exceptions cover first-class charter counties over 900,000 people and cities outside a county; the latter's sheriffs must qualify within two years after election. Officers first licensed on or after August 28, 2027, must receive at least six hours of specified instruction. That includes two hours each on racial profiling, implicit bias, and de-escalation.
Street takeover drivers face escalating penalties
The law bans stunt driving connected to street takeovers and participating in street takeovers, except where legally permitted. Covered driving includes racing, burnouts, donuts, wheelies, and drifting. Stunt-driving violations are class B misdemeanors, or class A misdemeanors when an accident is involved. Specified repeat offenses bring higher penalties, including a class E felony for a third or later offense. Sanctioned events are excluded, while repeat and aggravated offenders face mandatory jail or community service and sentencing limits.
Tougher penalties for fentanyl near children
Specified unlawful activities involving fentanyl, carfentanil, or their analogues now count as first-degree child endangerment. Covered activities include making, possessing, selling, or transporting these drugs. The rule applies when a child under 17 is present or lives in the residence where the activity occurs. The offense is a class B felony, requiring at least five years served before conditional release or parole eligibility.
Water supply tampering carries criminal penalties
Purposely poisoning, defiling, or corrupting a domestic or municipal water supply is a class E felony. Purposely diverting or damming that supply is a class A misdemeanor.
Appointed boards control city police operations
In cities outside a county, police boards have six members: the mayor, four citizen commissioners, and one nonvoting commissioner. The governor appoints everyone except the mayor; citizen members need two years of city residency and cannot retain conflicting political offices. The nonvoting member must live in the city or an adjoining county and own taxable city property. Boards set policy, choose the chief, hear disciplinary appeals, and control staffing for one permanent force without previous patrolman and turnkey caps; city ordinances cannot interfere. Employee discipline follows Rule 7 from the November 4, 2013 police manual until replacement, retaining summary-hearing procedures subject to section 590.502.
Cities must reserve more for police
Cities with police forces governed by police commissioner boards must reserve a growing share of general revenue for police maintenance. The minimum is 22% through December 31, 2025, then 23% in 2026 and 24% in 2027. Beginning January 1, 2028, it is 25%. This guarantees a higher police funding floor but limits cities' budget choices; pension and retirement costs do not count toward it. The requirement is subject to article X, section 21 of the Missouri Constitution.
Police boards gain state legal representation
When a police board requests help, the Missouri Attorney General must handle covered claims for the board and listed parties. Services include investigation, defense, negotiation, and settlement. The Attorney General and city officials must negotiate reasonable payment for representation costs.
Police referrals follow statewide prosecution rules
No later than January 1, 2028, officers must refer traffic, ordinance, misdemeanor, and felony offenses using state-approved forms and processes. Felony referrals must include a probable cause statement and investigative report. Noncompliant agencies lose eligibility for otherwise payable state or federal law enforcement, safety, or criminal justice funds. The Missouri Office of Prosecution Services may also supply members to serve as special prosecutors or special assistant prosecutors.
St. Louis police transfer to board
A governor-appointed director oversees the police transfer to the board, with implementation ending no later than July 1, 2026. When the board takes control, department assets and debts transfer, and the city stops operating its police force. The board assumes existing contracts and other lawful obligations, and transition rules protect employee rank, salary, and benefits. The law also repeals the earlier special municipal police framework and related employment protections, reserve-force provisions, and Bertillon identification rules.
Sponsors & Cosponsors
Sponsor
Brad Christ
Republican • House
Cosponsors
Ben Keathley
Republican • House
Bill Irwin
Republican • House
Deanna Self
Republican • House
John Hewkin
Republican • House
Mike Costlow
Republican • House
Terri Violet
Republican • House
Roll Call Votes
House vote • 3/12/2025
Emergency Clause Adopted on Truly Agreed to Bill
Yes: 113 • No: 36
House vote • 3/12/2025
Reported Do Pass
Yes: 7 • No: 0
House vote • 3/12/2025
House Adopts - SS#2 SCS as amended
Yes: 111 • No: 42 • Other: 7
House vote • 3/12/2025
Truly Agreed To and Finally Passed
Yes: 113 • No: 39 • Other: 7
Senate vote • 3/10/2025
Emergency Clause Adopted
Yes: 25 • No: 7
Senate vote • 3/10/2025
Third Read and Passed with Amendments - with SA 1
Yes: 27 • No: 5
House vote • 2/20/2025
Reported Do Pass
Yes: 4 • No: 0
House vote • 2/20/2025
Third Read and Passed
Yes: 106 • No: 47 • Other: 6
House vote • 2/11/2025
Reported Do Pass
Yes: 8 • No: 2
House vote • 2/6/2025
HCS#2 Reported Do Pass
Yes: 7 • No: 3
House vote • 1/30/2025
HCS Reported Do Pass
Yes: 13 • No: 6
Actions Timeline
Delivered to Secretary of State (G)
3/26/2025HouseApproved by Governor (G)
3/26/2025HouseDelivered to Governor
3/12/2025HouseSigned by President Pro Tem
3/12/2025SenateSigned by House Speaker
3/12/2025HouseHouse Message
3/12/2025HouseEmergency Clause Adopted on Truly Agreed to Bill - AYES: 113 NOES: 36 PRESENT: 0
3/12/2025HouseTruly Agreed To and Finally Passed - AYES: 113 NOES: 39 PRESENT: 7
3/12/2025HouseHouse Adopts - SS#2 SCS as amended AYES: 111 NOES: 42 PRESENT: 7
3/12/2025HouseTaken Up
3/12/2025HouseReported Do Pass - AYES: 7 NOES: 0 PRESENT: 0
3/12/2025HouseVoted Do Pass
3/12/2025HouseExecutive Session Completed
3/12/2025HouseReferred: Fiscal Review
3/10/2025HouseReported to the House with... - SS#2 as amended
3/10/2025HouseEmergency Clause Adopted - AYES: 25 NOES: 7 PRESENT: 0
3/10/2025SenateThird Read and Passed with Amendments - with SA 1 AYES: 27 NOES: 5 PRESENT: 0
3/10/2025SenateTaken Up
3/10/2025SenateReported Do Pass
3/10/2025SenateVoted Do Pass
3/10/2025SenateExecutive Session Held
3/10/2025SenateExecutive Session Scheduled - Monday, March 10, 2025, 3:30 p.m., Senate Committee Room 2.
3/6/2025Referred: Fiscal Oversight
3/5/2025SenateSS#2 Adopted - SA 1 adopted
3/5/2025SenateSS#2 Offered
3/5/2025Senate
Bill Text
Truly Agreed
3/12/2025
Perfected
2/18/2025
Committee Substitute
1/30/2025
Senate Substitute
1/30/2025
Introduced
1/8/2025
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