All Roll Calls
Yes: 542 • No: 24
North CarolinaHB 9482025-2026 SessionHouseWALLET
AN ACT TO ENACT THE PROJECTS FOR ADVANCING VEHICLE-INFRASTRUCTURE ENHANCEMENTS (PAVE) ACT.
Sponsored By: Tricia Ann Cotham (Republican)
Signed by Governor
AUTHORITIESCOMMERCECOUNTIESCOUNTY COMMISSIONERSELECTIONSINFRASTRUCTURELOCAL GOVERNMENTMASS TRANSITPRESENTEDPUBLICPUBLIC TRANSPORTATIONRATIFIEDRETAILINGROADS & HIGHWAYSSESSION LAWSTAXATIONTAXES, SALES & USETRANSPORTATIONMECKLENBURG COUNTYCHAPTEREDMETRO TRANSPORT AUTHORITY
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
6 provisions identified: 0 benefits, 1 costs, 5 mixed.
Passenger rail insurance and claim caps
Beginning July 1, 2025, passenger rail service must carry at least $200,000,000 in liability insurance per accident. An authority may self‑insure up to $5,000,000. Total recovery for one accident is capped at $200,000,000 or available insurance proceeds, whichever is greater. Contracts may assign who pays claims, but the insurance must name the parties.
Mecklenburg transit changes after tax approval
If Mecklenburg County enacts the Part IV tax, the State sends monthly net proceeds to the largest transit authority that includes the county, and the county is treated as an authority with funds flowing to the largest city for transit only. The City transfers CATS operating assets to the authority, while pledged assets stay until debts are paid. The City keeps a $30 million CATS reserve; the authority must refill it if used and cover current‑year debt service and reimbursements. Most CATS employees move to the authority. The old interlocal agreement ends, the Metropolitan Transit Commission dissolves, current out‑of‑area routes may continue, the authority must adopt key policies and plans, and two board seats come from named local groups.
More ways to fund and build transit
Beginning July 1, 2025, transit authorities and big cities get more financing tools. They can pledge local sales‑tax and system revenues to issue bonds, use RFPs to speed contracting, and receive State and federal grants, including State matching deals for major guideway projects. Regional authorities can apply for DOT funds for member cities by written agreement. These tools mainly apply to very large cities and metropolitan transit authorities. Transit authorities also qualify for sales‑tax refunds, and their bonds and income are generally State tax‑exempt.
New metropolitan transit authority and powers
Starting July 1, 2025, the law creates a metropolitan transit authority for eligible large counties. A 27‑member board sets policy with term limits and rules that bar elected officials and lobbyists. The authority can own and run transit, enter contracts, and issue bonds. It can acquire land by purchase or, when needed, by eminent domain under state law.
Transit spending rules and state protections
Starting July 1, 2025, local transit sales‑tax money must be used only to plan, build, run, and maintain transit and must add to, not replace, local funds. The law clarifies what counts as public transit for these uses. The State Auditor can review spending, and board appointments must be filed each year. County tax officers may share limited local tax data with transit authorities when needed for official duties. The law also protects expected state highway funding and ratings for certain Mecklenburg projects.
New 0.5% transit sales tax option
Starting July 1, 2025, a county can add a 0.5% sales tax for public transit if voters approve. You pay 0.5% more on taxable purchases made in that county. The tax cannot end while bonds or other debts tied to it are still unpaid, unless refinanced without longer terms. To estimate your cost, multiply your yearly taxable in‑county purchases by 0.005.
Sponsors & Cosponsors
Sponsor
Tricia Ann Cotham
Republican • House
Cosponsors
Mary Belk
Democratic • House
Laura Budd
Democratic • House
Becky Carney
Democratic • House
Carla D. Cunningham
Independent • House
Aisha O. Dew
Democratic • House
Julia Greenfield
Democratic • House
Pricey Harrison
Democratic • House
Beth Helfrich
Democratic • House
Jordan Lopez
Democratic • House
Nasif Majeed
Independent • House
Roll Call Votes
Senate vote • 6/26/2025
HB 948: The P.A.V.E. Act.
Yes: 39 • No: 3 • Other: 8
House vote • 6/26/2025
HB 948: The P.A.V.E. Act.
Yes: 101 • No: 5 • Other: 11
Senate vote • 6/25/2025
HB 948: The P.A.V.E. Act.
Yes: 46 • No: 0 • Other: 4
Senate vote • 6/25/2025
HB 948: The P.A.V.E. Act.
Yes: 42 • No: 4 • Other: 4
House vote • 6/24/2025
HB 948: The Projects for Advancing Vehicle-Infrastructure Enhancements (P.A.V.E.)
Yes: 104 • No: 5 • Other: 9
House vote • 6/18/2025
HB 948: The P.A.V.E. Act.
Yes: 108 • No: 1 • Other: 9
House vote • 6/18/2025
HB 948: The P.A.V.E. Act.
Yes: 102 • No: 6 • Other: 9
Actions Timeline
Ch. SL 2025-39
7/1/2025HouseSigned by Gov. 7/1/2025
7/1/2025HousePres. To Gov. 7/1/2025
7/1/2025HouseRatified
6/30/2025HouseOrdered Enrolled
6/26/2025HouseConcurred In S Com Sub
6/26/2025HouseAdded to Calendar
6/26/2025HouseSpecial Message Received For Concurrence in S Com Sub
6/26/2025HouseSpecial Message Sent To House
6/26/2025SenateEngrossed
6/26/2025SenatePassed 3rd Reading
6/26/2025SenatePassed 2nd Reading
6/25/2025SenateAmend Adopted A1
6/25/2025SenatePlaced on Today's Calendar
6/25/2025SenateReptd Fav
6/25/2025SenateRe-ref Com On Rules and Operations of the Senate
6/24/2025SenateCom Substitute Adopted
6/24/2025SenateReptd Fav Com Substitute
6/24/2025SenateRef to Finance. If fav, re-ref to Rules and Operations of the Senate
6/24/2025SenatePassed 1st Reading
6/24/2025SenateSpecial Message Received From House
6/24/2025SenateSpecial Message Sent To Senate
6/24/2025HouseOrdered Engrossed
6/24/2025HousePassed 3rd Reading
6/24/2025HousePlaced On Cal For 06/24/2025
6/18/2025House
Bill Text
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