Title 1 — Title 1: Provisions of General Application

Sec. 1-1. Words and phrases. Construction of statutes. (a) In the construction of the statutes, words and phrases shall be construed according to the commonly approved usage of the language; and technical words and phrases, and such as have acquired a peculiar and appropriate mea…

Sec. 1-1a. Terms relating to security in personal property. Unless the context of any statute requires a different interpretation, all words and terms appearing in any statute and relating to security in personal property shall be construed to mean their counterparts in subdivisi…

Sec. 1-1b. Payment by bank treasurer's or cashier's check in lieu of certified check. (a) Any payment which is required by any state statute or municipal ordinance or by any regulation of any state, municipal or other public authority to be made by certified check may be made by …

Sec. 1-1c. “Elector” defined. “Special election warned and held or called for that purpose”, means “referendum”, when. (a) Whenever the term “elector” or “electors” occurs in the general statutes or in any special act, it shall be construed to mean an elector or electors who have…

Sec. 1-1d. “Minor”, “infant”, “infancy”, “age of majority”, defined. Except as otherwise provided by statute, on and after October 1, 1972, the terms “minor”, “infant” and “infancy” shall be deemed to refer to a person under the age of eighteen years and any person eighteen years…

Sec. 1-1e. Savings clause. Nothing in sections 1-1d, 3-94b to 3-94e, inclusive, 7-6, 7-51, 7-53, 7-54, 7-172, 9-12, 10a-207, 14-14, 14-36, 14-40a, 14-41, 14-44, 14-61, 14-73, 14-214, 14-276, 17a-1, 17a-152, 17b-75, 17b-81, 17b-223, 17b-745, 18-73, 18-87, 19a-512, 20-10, 20-130, 2…

Sec. 1-1f. “Blind”, “physically disabled”, defined. For purposes of sections 3-10e, 4a-60, subdivision (12) of section 38a-816 and sections 46a-58, 46a-60, 46a-64, 46a-70 to 46a-73, inclusive, 46a-75, 46a-76 and 52-175a: (a) An individual is blind if his central visual acuity doe…

Sec. 1-1g. “Intellectual disability” defined. (a) Except as otherwise provided by statute, “intellectual disability” means a significant limitation in intellectual functioning existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior that originated during the developmental period…

Sec. 1-1h. Identity cards. (a) Any person who does not possess a valid motor vehicle operator's license may apply to the Department of Motor Vehicles for an identity card. The application for an identity card shall be accompanied by the birth certificate of the applicant or a cer…

Sec. 1-1i. Use of fees collected from issuance of identity cards. The fees payable to the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles upon the issuance of certain identity cards in accordance with section 1-1h shall be deposited to the credit of the General Fund and in the fiscal year commenc…

Sec. 1-1j. Methods of payment for licenses, fees, costs or fines. (a) Each state agency, as defined in section 4-166, shall accept payment in cash or by check, draft or money order for any license issued by such agency pursuant to the provisions of the general statutes. (b) Excep…

Sec. 1-1k. “Victim of crime”, “crime victim”, defined. Except as otherwise provided by the general statutes, “victim of crime” or “crime victim” means an individual who suffers direct or threatened physical, emotional or financial harm as a result of a crime and includes immediat…

Sec. 1-1l. Holocaust victims' settlement payments excluded from income for purposes of needs-based programs. Any Holocaust victims' settlement payment, as defined in subdivision (35) of section 12-701, to a Holocaust victim, as defined in subdivision (36) of section 12-701, shall…

Sec. 1-1m. Applicability of marriage terms. Wherever in the general statutes or the public acts the term “husband”, “wife”, “groom”, “bride”, “widower” or “widow” is used, such term shall be deemed to include one party to a marriage between two persons of the same sex. (P.A. 09-1…

Sec. 1-1n. “Gender identity or expression” defined. As used in sections 4a-60, 8-169s, 8-265c, 8-294, 8-315, 10-15c, 10-153, 10a-6, 11-24b, 16-245r, 16-247r, 28-15, 31-22p, 31-57e, 32-277, 38a-358, 42-125a, 42-125b, 46a-81aa, 52-571d and 53-37a, “gender identity or expression” me…

Secs. 1-1o to 1-1s. Reserved for future use.

Sec. 1-1t. Method of payment of fees and delivery of correspondence or communications to agency or quasi-public agency. Advertisement of legal notices. (a) As used in this section, “agency” means each state board, authority, commission, department, office, institution, council or…

Sec. 1-2. Legal notices. Each provision of the general statutes, the special acts or the charter of any town, city or borough which requires the insertion of an advertisement of a legal notice in a daily newspaper shall be construed to permit such advertisement to be inserted in …

Sec. 1-2a. Construction of term “postmark”. (a) For purposes of sections 1-206, 4-147, 9-23g, 9-153b, 9-311, 9-608, 10-183g, 12-146, 20-429, 31-241, 31-248, 31-249a, 33-603, 33-663, 33-929, 33-1003, 33-1053, 33-1219, 38a-716 and 42-243 (1) any reference to the United States mail …

Sec. 1-2b. Construction of term “certified mail, return receipt requested”. (a) For purposes of sections 1-100oo, 1-206, 2-71r, 4-176, 4-180, 4-183, 4a-52a, 4a-60q, 4a-63, 4a-100, 4e-34, 4e-35, 7-65, 7-148w, 7-247a, 7-473c, 7-478e, 8-3b, 8-3i, 8-7d, 8-26b, 8-169r, 8-293, 9-388, 9…

Sec. 1-2c. Construction of term “electronic mail”. Wherever in the general statutes or public acts the term “electronic mail” is used, such term shall be deemed to include an electronic delivery service that delivers communications to their intended recipients by matching an elec…

Secs. 1-2d to 1-2y. Reserved for future use.

Sec. 1-2z. Plain meaning rule. The meaning of a statute shall, in the first instance, be ascertained from the text of the statute itself and its relationship to other statutes. If, after examining such text and considering such relationship, the meaning of such text is plain and …

Sec. 1-3. Validity of separate provisions of acts. If any provision of any act passed by the General Assembly or its application to any person or circumstances is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of such act. (1949 Rev., S. 8893.) If…

Sec. 1-3a. License or permit fee due on Saturday, Sunday or holiday. Any state or municipal license or permit fee which is due and payable on a date certain which falls on a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday shall be payable on the next business day thereafter. (P.A. 75-196.)

Sec. 1-3b. Enforcement of subpoena powers. Whenever any section of the general statutes or any section of any special act authorizes any person, committee, board, officer, commission, council or agency to issue any subpoena, and such section does not specifically provide for the …

Sec. 1-4. Days designated as legal holidays. In each year the first day of January (known as New Year's Day), the fifteenth day of January of each year prior to 1986, and commencing on the twentieth day of January in 1986, the first Monday occurring on or after January fifteenth …

Sec. 1-5. Independence Day celebration. As a part of the official observance of Independence Day, appropriate ceremonies shall be held in the hall of flags of the State Capitol on July fourth in each year. The Governor shall issue a proclamation recalling to the citizens of the s…

Sec. 1-6. Standard of time. The standard of time for the seventy-fifth meridian west of Greenwich shall be the standard of time for this state, except that the standard of time of this state shall be one hour in advance of such established time from two o'clock ante meridian on t…

Sec. 1-10. Standard ink for public records. No person having the care or custody of any book of record or registry in any department or office of this state, or of any town, city, borough or probate district, shall use or permit to be used upon such book any ink, including ink us…

Sec. 1-11. Loose-leaf binders for public records. The Public Records Administrator shall furnish to each person having custody of any book of record or register in any department or office of the state or of any town, city, borough or probate district a list of approved loose-lea…

Sec. 1-12. Typewriting and printing. Legal force. All typewriting or printing executed or done on public records, and in any instrument, and for any other purpose, shall have the same legal force, meaning and effect as writing, and “writing” shall be held to include typewriting o…

Sec. 1-13. Making of reproductions. Any original books, records, papers or documents may be delivered by any recording agency to any department of the state, or to any political subdivision of the state, for the purpose of having such reproductions made, and, upon such reproducti…

Sec. 1-14. “Certified copy” defined. Evidence. When the term “certified copy” is used in any statute relating to any recording agency, such term shall be construed to include a certified reproduction of the image or images of such books, records, papers or documents, which is pro…

Sec. 1-15. Transferred to Chapter 14, Sec. 1-212.

Sec. 1-16. Reproductions. Any officer of the state or any political subdivision thereof, any judge of probate and any person, corporation or association required to keep records, papers or documents may cause any or all such records, papers or documents to be photographed, microp…

Sec. 1-17. Reproductions to serve purposes of originals. Such photographs, microphotographs, electronic images or other reproductions shall for all purposes be considered the same as the original records, papers or documents. A transcript, exemplification or certified copy thereo…

Sec. 1-17a. Photographs and computerized images of individuals. State agencies prohibited from disclosing without express consent of individuals. Exceptions. (a) As used in this section: (1) “Disclose” means to engage in any practice or conduct to make available and make known, b…

Sec. 1-18. Disposition of original documents. The original records, papers or documents reproduced pursuant to this chapter may be disposed of in such manner as approved by (1) the head of the political subdivision in charge thereof, and (2) the Public Records Administrator. All …

Sec. 1-18a. Transferred to Chapter 14, Sec. 1-200.

Secs. 1-19 and 1-19a. Transferred to Chapter 14, Secs. 1-210 and 1-211.

Sec. 1-19b. Transferred to Chapter 14, Sec. 1-213.

Sec. 1-19c. Transferred to Chapter 14, Sec. 1-201.

Sec. 1-20. Refusal of access. Appeal. Section 1-20 is repealed. (1957, P.A. 428, S. 2, 3; 1961, P.A. 521; 1969, P.A. 311; P.A. 74-183, S. 160, 291; P.A. 75-342, S. 17.)

Secs. 1-20a to 1-20c. Transferred to Chapter 14, Secs. 1-214 to 1-216, inclusive.

Sec. 1-20d. Alteration of records of law enforcement agencies prior to disclosure. Section 1-20d is repealed. (P.A. 88-227, S. 3, 4; P.A. 90-335, S. 2.)

Sec. 1-20e. Transferred to Chapter 14, Sec. 1-202.

Sec. 1-20f. Transferred to Chapter 14, Sec. 1-217.

Secs. 1-21 and 1-21a. Transferred to Chapter 14, Secs. 1-225 and 1-226.

Sec. 1-21b. Transferred to Chapter 368m, Sec. 19a-342.