Article X — MISCELLANEOUS
32 sections · 0 paragraphs in this article.
Fla. Const. art. X, § 1 Amendments to United States Constitution
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The legislature shall not take action on any proposed amendment to the constitution of the United States unless a majority of the members thereof have been elected after the proposed amendment has been submitted for ratification.
Fla. Const. art. X, § 2 Militia
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(a) The militia shall be composed of all ablebodied inhabitants of the state who are or have declared their intention to become citizens of the United States; and no person because of religious creed or opinion shall be exempted from military duty except upon conditions provided …
Fla. Const. art. X, § 3 Vacancy in office
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Vacancy in office shall occur upon the creation of an office, upon the death, removal from office, or resignation of the incumbent or the incumbent’s succession to another office, unexplained absence for sixty consecutive days, or failure to maintain the residence required when e…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 4 Homestead; exemptions
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(a) There shall be exempt from forced sale under process of any court, and no judgment, decree or execution shall be a lien thereon, except for the payment of taxes and assessments thereon, obligations contracted for the purchase, improvement or repair thereof, or obligations con…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 5 Coverture and property
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There shall be no distinction between married women and married men in the holding, control, disposition, or encumbering of their property, both real and personal; except that dower or curtesy may be established and regulated by law.
Fla. Const. art. X, § 6 Eminent domain
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(a) No private property shall be taken except for a public purpose and with full compensation therefor paid to each owner or secured by deposit in the registry of the court and available to the owner.(b) Provision may be made by law for the taking of easements, by like proceeding…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 7 Lotteries
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Lotteries, other than the types of pari-mutuel pools authorized by law as of the effective date of this constitution, are hereby prohibited in this state.
Fla. Const. art. X, § 8 Census
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(a) Each decennial census of the state taken by the United States shall be an official census of the state.(b) Each decennial census, for the purpose of classifications based upon population, shall become effective on the thirtieth day after the final adjournment of the regular s…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 9 Repeal of criminal statutes
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Repeal of a criminal statute shall not affect prosecution for any crime committed before such repeal.History.—Am. proposed by Constitution Revision Commission, Revision No. 6, 2018, filed with the Secretary of State May 9, 2018; adopted 2018.
Fla. Const. art. X, § 10 Felony; definition
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The term “felony” as used herein and in the laws of this state shall mean any criminal offense that is punishable under the laws of this state, or that would be punishable if committed in this state, by death or by imprisonment in the state penitentiary.
Fla. Const. art. X, § 11 Sovereignty lands
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The title to lands under navigable waters, within the boundaries of the state, which have not been alienated, including beaches below mean high water lines, is held by the state, by virtue of its sovereignty, in trust for all the people. Sale of such lands may be authorized by la…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 12 Rules of construction
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Unless qualified in the text the following rules of construction shall apply to this constitution.(a) “Herein” refers to the entire constitution.(b) The singular includes the plural.(c) The masculine includes the feminine.(d) “Vote of the electors” means the vote of the majority …
Fla. Const. art. X, § 13 Suits against the state
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Provision may be made by general law for bringing suit against the state as to all liabilities now existing or hereafter originating.
Fla. Const. art. X, § 14 State retirement systems benefit changes
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A governmental unit responsible for any retirement or pension system supported in whole or in part by public funds shall not after January 1, 1977, provide any increase in the benefits to the members or beneficiaries of such system unless such unit has made or concurrently makes …
Fla. Const. art. X, § 15 State operated lotteries
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(a) Lotteries may be operated by the state.(b) If any subsection or subsections of the amendment to the Florida Constitution are held unconstitutional for containing more than one subject, this amendment shall be limited to subsection (a) above.(c) This amendment shall be impleme…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 16 Limiting marine net fishing
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(a) The marine resources of the State of Florida belong to all of the people of the state and should be conserved and managed for the benefit of the state, its people, and future generations. To this end the people hereby enact limitations on marine net fishing in Florida waters …
Fla. Const. art. X, § 17 Everglades Trust Fund
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(a) There is hereby established the Everglades Trust Fund, which shall not be subject to termination pursuant to Article III, Section 19(f). The purpose of the Everglades Trust Fund is to make funds available to assist in conservation and protection of natural resources and abate…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 18 Disposition of conservation lands
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The fee interest in real property held by an entity of the state and designated for natural resources conservation purposes as provided by general law shall be managed for the benefit of the citizens of this state and may be disposed of only if the members of the governing board …
Fla. Const. art. X, § 19 [Repealed]
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History.—Proposed by Initiative Petition filed with the Secretary of State August 25, 1999; adopted 2000; Am. proposed by Initiative Petition filed with the Secretary of State February 18, 2004; adopted 2004; Am. proposed by Constitution Revision Commission, Revision No. 6, 2018,…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 20 Workplaces without tobacco smoke or vapor
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(a) PROHIBITION. As a Florida health initiative to protect people from the health hazards of second-hand tobacco smoke and vapor, tobacco smoking and the use of vapor-generating electronic devices are prohibited in enclosed indoor workplaces. This section does not preclude the ad…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 21 Limiting cruel and inhumane confinement of pigs during pregnancy
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1Inhumane treatment of animals is a concern of Florida citizens. To prevent cruelty to certain animals and as recommended by The Humane Society of the United States, the people of the State of Florida hereby limit the cruel and inhumane confinement of pigs during pregnancy as pro…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 22 Parental notice of termination of a minor’s pregnancy
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The Legislature shall not limit or deny the privacy right guaranteed to a minor under the United States Constitution as interpreted by the United States Supreme Court. Notwithstanding a minor’s right of privacy provided in Section 23 of Article I, the Legislature is authorized to…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 23 Slot machines
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1(a) After voter approval of this constitutional amendment, the governing bodies of Miami-Dade and Broward Counties each may hold a county-wide referendum in their respective counties on whether to authorize slot machines within existing, licensed parimutuel facilities (thoroughb…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 24 Florida minimum wage
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(a) PUBLIC POLICY. All working Floridians are entitled to be paid a minimum wage that is sufficient to provide a decent and healthy life for them and their families, that protects their employers from unfair low-wage competition, and that does not force them to rely on taxpayer-f…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 25 Patients’ right to know about adverse medical incidents
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1(a) In addition to any other similar rights provided herein or by general law, patients have a right to have access to any records made or received in the course of business by a health care facility or provider relating to any adverse medical incident.(b) In providing such acce…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 26 Prohibition of medical license after repeated medical malpractice
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1(a) No person who has been found to have committed three or more incidents of medical malpractice shall be licensed or continue to be licensed by the State of Florida to provide health care services as a medical doctor.(b) For purposes of this section, the following terms have t…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 27 Comprehensive Statewide Tobacco Education And Prevention Program
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In order to protect people, especially youth, from health hazards of using tobacco, including addictive disorders, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and lung diseases; and to discourage use of tobacco, particularly among youth, a portion of the money that tobacco companies pay to …
Fla. Const. art. X, § 28 Land Acquisition Trust Fund
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(a) Effective on July 1 of the year following passage of this amendment by the voters, and for a period of 20 years after that effective date, the Land Acquisition Trust Fund shall receive no less than 33 percent of net revenues derived from the existing excise tax on documents, …
Fla. Const. art. X, § 29 Medical marijuana production, possession and use
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(a) PUBLIC POLICY.(1) The medical use of marijuana by a qualifying patient or caregiver in compliance with this section is not subject to criminal or civil liability or sanctions under Florida law.(2) A physician shall not be subject to criminal or civil liability or sanctions un…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 30 Voter control of gambling in Florida
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(a) This amendment ensures that Florida voters shall have the exclusive right to decide whether to authorize casino gambling in the State of Florida. This amendment requires a vote by citizens’ initiative pursuant to Article XI, section 3, in order for casino gambling to be autho…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 31 Death benefits for survivors of first responders and military members
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(a) A death benefit shall be paid by the employing agency when a firefighter; a paramedic; an emergency medical technician; a law enforcement, correctional, or correctional probation officer; or a member of the Florida National Guard, while engaged in the performance of their off…
Fla. Const. art. X, § 32 Prohibition on racing of and wagering on greyhounds or other dogs
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The humane treatment of animals is a fundamental value of the people of the State of Florida. After December 31, 2020, a person authorized to conduct gaming or pari-mutuel operations may not race greyhounds or any member of the Canis Familiaris subspecies in connection with any w…