Chapter XI

A. Identify that organisms have unique and diverse life cycles. B. Identify a common pattern between models of different life cycles. Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9716 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR 44 1427 ( 8/1/2018 ). AUTHORITY NOTE:…

A. Describe that animals within a group help the group obtain food for survival, defend themselves, and survive changes in their ecosystem. Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9717 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR 44 1427 ( 8/1/2018 ). AUTHORITY…

A. Identify similarities in the traits of a parent and the traits of an offspring. B. Identify that characteristics of organisms are inherited from their parents. C. Identify variations in similar traits in a group of similar organisms. D. Identify examples of inherited traits th…

A. Identify that fossils represent plants and animals that lived long ago. B. Identify that fossils provide evidence about the environments in which organisms lived long ago (e.g., fossilized seashells indicate shelled organisms that lived in aquatic environments). C. Identify fe…

A. Use data to describe observed weather conditions (e.g., temperature, precipitation, wind direction) during a season. B. Use data to predict weather conditions (e.g., temperature, precipitation, wind direction) during a season. C. Identify and describe climates in different reg…

A. Identify the positive impact of a solution humans can take to reduce the impact of weather-related hazards (e.g., barriers to prevent flooding). Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9721 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR 34:2379 (November 2008)…

A. Identify that moving objects contain energy. B. Demonstrate that objects moving faster possess more energy than objects moving slower. C. Identify examples of how energy can be moved from place to place (i.e., through sound or light traveling; by electrical currents; heat pass…

A. Describe the properties of waves using a model (e.g., drawings, diagrams) to show amplitude (height) and wavelength. B. Identify relationships involving wave amplitude, wavelength, and the motion of an object (e.g., when the amplitude increases, the object moves more). C. Iden…

A. Identify external macroscopic structures (e.g., bird beaks, eyes, feathers, roots, needles on a pine tree) that support growth, survival, behavior, and reproduction of organisms. B. Identify internal structures (e.g., heart, muscles, bones) that support growth, survival, behav…

A. Identify rock formations that show how the Earths surface has changed over time (e.g., change following earthquakes). B. Identify older fossils as being found in deeper, older rock layers. Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9725 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Sec…

A. Use data to compare differences in the shape of the land due to the effects of weathering or erosion. B. Identify how living things affect the shape of the land. C. Use maps to locate different land and water features of Earth. D. Use maps to determine that earthquakes and vol…

A. Identify the origins of the natural sources humans use for energy and fuel. B. Identify environmental effects associated with the use of a given energy resource. C. Describe solutions to reduce the impact of a natural Earth process (e.g., earthquake, flood, volcanic activity) …

A. Identify in a model (e.g., picture, diagram) which shows that all matter can be broken down into smaller and smaller pieces until they are too small to be seen by human eyes. B. Identify using measurements that the total weight of matter is conserved when it changes form. C. I…

A. Identify that the gravitational force exerted by Earth on objects is directed down. Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9729 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR 34:2380 (November 2008), Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Educat…

A. Identify that the energy in animals' food was once energy from the sun. Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9730 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR 44 1429 ( 8/1/2018 ). AUTHORITY NOTE: Promulgated in accordance with R.S. 17:24.4 .

A. Identify that plants acquire material for growth chiefly from air and water, not from soil. Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9731 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR 34:2380 (October 2008), Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary…

A. Identify a model that shows the movement of matter (e.g., plant growth, eating, composting) through living things. Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9732 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR 44 1429 ( 8/1/2018 ). AUTHORITY NOTE: Promulgated in …

A. Identify that the sun appears larger and brighter than other stars because the sun is much closer to Earth than other stars. B. Describe similarities and differences in the timing of observable changes in shadows. C. Describe similarities and differences in the timing of obser…

A. Describe that the Earths major systems interact and affect Earths surface materials and processes. B. Determine that the majority of water on Earth is found in the oceans as salt water and most of the Earths fresh water is stored in glaciers. Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § …

A. Identify ways people can help protect the Earth's resources and environment. Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9735 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR 34:2384 (November 2008), Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR…

A. Identify a model that shows an atoms nucleus is made of protons and neutrons, and is surrounded by electrons. B. Identify a model that shows individual atoms of the same or different types that repeat to form compounds (e.g., sodium chloride). Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , §…

A. Describe the motion of two colliding objects in terms of the strength of the force and the relationship of action and reaction forces given a model or scenario. B. Develop a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. C. Identify using provided data, t…

A. Use graphical displays of data to describe the relationship of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. B. Describe, using models, how changing distance changes the amount of potential energy stored in the system (e.g., carts at varying positions …

A. Identify how the amplitude of a wave is related to the energy in a wave using a mathematical or graphical representation. B. Describe, using a model, how sound waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials (e.g., water, air, glass). C. Describe, using…

A. Use an Earth-sun-moon model to show that the Earth-moon system orbits the sun once an Earth year and the orbit of the moon around Earth corresponds to a month. B. Use an Earth-sun-moon model to explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. C. Use an Earth-sun-moon model to explain…

A. Identify changes that human populations have made to Earths natural systems using a variety of resources. Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9741 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR 44 1430 ( 8/1/2018 ). AUTHORITY NOTE: Promulgated in accordanc…

A. Identify that living things may be made of one cell or many different numbers and types of cells. B. Using a model(s), identify the function of a cell as a whole. C. Using a model(s), identify special structures within cells are responsible for particular functions. D. Using a…

A. Recognize data that shows growth of organisms and population increases are limited by access to resources. B. Identify factors (e.g., resources, climate or competition) in an ecosystem that influence growth in populations of organisms. C. Use an explanation of interactions bet…

A. Using data, identify changes that occur after a chemical reaction has taken place (e.g., change in color occurs, gas is created, heat or light is given off or taken in). B. Use drawings and diagrams to Identify that adding or removing thermal energy increases or decreases part…

A. Using examples and data measurements, describe the relationship between different masses of the same substance and the change in average kinetic energy when thermal energy is added to or removed from the system. Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9745 Promulgated by the Boar…

A. Using a model(s), identify components in a model of water cycling among land, ocean, and atmosphere, and recognize how it is propelled by sunlight and gravity. B. Using data, identify how water influences weather and weather patterns through atmospheric, land, and oceanic circ…

A. Identify evidence of the effects of human activities on changes in global temperatures over the past century using a variety of resources (e.g., tables, graphs, and maps of global and regional temperatures; atmospheric levels of gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane; and r…

A. Identify that the body is a system of multiple interacting subsystems. B. Identify evidence which supports a claim about how the body is composed of various levels of organization for structure and function which includes cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms us…

A. Identify a design project that shows the stability of an ecosystems biodiversity is the foundation of a healthy, functioning ecosystem. B. Using evidence, identify the outcome of changes in physical or biological components of an ecosystem to populations of organisms in that e…

A. Using a model(s), identify that in asexual reproduction identical inherited traits are passed from parents to offspring. B. Using a model(s), identify that in sexual reproduction a variety of inherited traits are passed from parents to offspring and lead to differences in offs…

A. Identify a similarity or difference in an external feature (e.g., shape of ears on animals or shape of leaves on plants) between young plants and animals and their parents. B. Describe the relationship between genetic variation and the success of organisms in a specific enviro…

A. Using a model(s), identify that an atoms nucleus as made of protons and neutrons and is surrounded by electrons. B. Using a model(s), identify that individual atoms of the same or different types that repeat to form extended structures (e.g., sodium chloride). C. Compare and c…

A. Use information (e.g., graph, model) to identify a device (e.g., foam cup, insulated box) that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer (e.g., keeping liquids hot or cold). B. Using information from graphical displays of data and models, describe the change in the…

A. Sequence the relative order of events from Earth's history shown by rock strata and patterns of layering (organize was more complex as a task/term than sequence). Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9755 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR 44 14…

A. Identify relationships between components in a model showing the cycling of energy flows and matter within and among Earths systems, including the sun and Earths interior as primary energy sources. B. Identify examples of processes to explain that change Earths surface at vary…

A. Identify explanations of the uneven distributions of Earths minerals, energy, and groundwater resources due to past and current geoscience processes or by removal of resources. B. Use maps, charts, and images of natural hazards to look for patterns in past occurrences of catas…

A. Identify behaviors animals engage in (e.g., vocalization) that increase the likelihood of reproduction. B. Identify specialized plant structures (e.g., bright flower parts) that increase the likelihood of reproduction. C. Identify a scientific explanation for how environmental…

A. Use a model to explain how genetic variations in specific traits may occur as organisms pass on their genetic material from one generation to the next, along with small changes Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9759 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Educa…

A. Use data to identify that fossils of different animals that lived at different times are placed in chronological order (i.e., fossil record) and located in different sedimentary layers. B. Recognize that similarities and differences in external structures can be used to infer …

A. Identify the periodic table as a model to use to predict the properties of elements. B. Identify that the periodic table was created based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. C. Identify that the number of electrons in the outermost energy leve…

A. Predict changes in the motion of a macroscopic object, such as a falling object, an object rolling down a ramp, or a moving object being pulled by a constant force using data (e.g., tables or graphs of position or velocity as a function of time for an object subject to a net u…

A. Identify that two factors, an objects mass and height above the ground, affect gravitational potential energy (i.e., energy stored due to position of an object above Earth) at the macroscopic level. B. Identify that the mass of an object and its speed determine the amount of k…

A. Qualitatively describe cause and effect relationships between changes in wave speed and type of media through which the wave travels using mathematical and graphical representations. B. Identify examples that illustrate the relationship between the frequency and wavelength of …

A. Identify the periodic table as a model to use to predict the properties of elements. B. Identify that the periodic table was created based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. C. Identify that the number of electrons in the outermost energy leve…

A. Communicate that different materials have different molecular structures and properties which determine different functioning of the material (e.g., flexible, but durable). Notes La. Admin. Code tit. 28 , § XI-9766 Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education…