Title 257, MOTOR VEHICLES

Sec. 327. No person shall knowingly employ any chauffeur to operate a motor vehicle who is not licensed as provided in this chapter.

Sec. 328. (1) The owner of a motor vehicle who operates or permits the operation of the motor vehicle on the highways of this state or the operator of the motor vehicle shall produce, under subsection (2), on the request of a police officer, evidence that the motor vehicle is ins…

Sec. 329. (1) A person who knowingly possesses, sells, or offers for sale a stolen, false, or counterfeit certificate of insurance is guilty of a felony. (2) A person who is convicted of a second violation of this section shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than 2 year…

Sec. 32a. "Motor home" means a motor vehicle constructed or altered to provide living quarters, including permanently installed cooking and sleeping facilities, and is used for recreation, camping, or other noncommercial use.

Sec. 32b. (1) "Moped" means a 2- or 3-wheeled vehicle to which both of the following apply: (a) It is equipped with a motor that does not exceed 100 cubic centimeters piston displacement and cannot propel the vehicle at a speed greater than 30 miles per hour on a level surface. (…

Sec. 33. "Motor vehicle" means every vehicle that is self-propelled, but for purposes of chapter 4, motor vehicle does not include industrial equipment such as a forklift, a front-end loader, or other construction equipment that is not subject to registration under this act. Moto…

Sec. 33a. "New motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle which is not and has not been a demonstrator, executive or manufacturer's vehicle, leased vehicle, or a used or secondhand vehicle.

Sec. 33b. "Nonprofit recycling center" means a nonprofit facility designed and operated solely for receiving, storing, processing, and transferring source-separated recyclable materials such as paper, metal, glass, food waste, office paper, and plastic that are kept separate and …

Sec. 34. "Nonresident" means every person who is not a resident of this state.

Sec. 35. "Nonresident operating privilege" means the privilege conferred upon a nonresident by the laws of this state pertaining to the operation by him of a motor vehicle, or the use of a motor vehicle owned by him, in this state.

Sec. 35a. "Operate" or "operating" means 1 or more of the following: (a) Being in actual physical control of a vehicle. This subdivision applies regardless of whether or not the person is licensed under this act as an operator or chauffeur. (b) Causing an automated motor vehicle …

Sec. 35b. "Older model vehicle" means a vehicle weighing 8,000 pounds or less, manufactured in the sixth model year immediately preceding the current model year, or manufactured in any model year before that model year; or, if more than 8,000 pounds, a vehicle manufactured in a m…

Sec. 35c. "Off lease vehicle" means a motor vehicle leased for a term of more than 30 days that the lessee elects to purchase.

Sec. 36. "Operator" means a person, other than a chauffeur, who does either of the following: (a) Operates a motor vehicle upon a highway or street. (b) Operates an automated motor vehicle upon a highway or street.

Sec. 36a. "Owner-operator" means an individual who holds the legal title of a commercial vehicle and who leases the commercial vehicle under a lease or arrangement whereby the individual is employed by the lessee to operate the leased vehicle.

Sec. 36b. "Out-of-service" means a declaration by an authorized enforcement officer of a state, a local unit of government of a state, the United States, Canada, or the United Mexican States that an operator, a commercial motor vehicle, or a motor carrier operation is out-of-serv…

Sec. 36c. "Other on-track equipment" means any car, rolling stock, or other device that, alone or coupled to another device, is operated on stationary rails.

Sec. 37. "Owner" means any of the following: (a) Any person, firm, association, or corporation renting a motor vehicle or having the exclusive use thereof, under a lease or otherwise, for a period that is greater than 30 days. (b) Except as otherwise provided in section 401a, a p…

Sec. 38. "Parking" means standing a vehicle, whether occupied or not, upon a highway, when not loading or unloading except when making necessary repairs.

Sec. 38a. "Park model trailer" means a vehicle that meets all of the following: (a) Is built on a single chassis, mounted on wheels, and designed to be towed by a motor vehicle from time to time. (b) Depending on its size, may require a special highway movement permit under secti…

Sec. 39. "Pedestrian" means any person afoot. Pedestrian includes an individual with a mobility disability who is using a power-driven mobility device.

Sec. 39a. "Permanent disability" means a physical characteristic categorized as a disability that significantly limits ambulation or necessitates the use of a wheelchair for mobility, or blindness, for which there is a present medical expectation that the disability will always p…

Sec. 3a. "Basic driver improvement course" means a course of study that satisfies all of the following conditions: (a) It meets or exceeds the curriculum standards set forth in the defensive driving course instructor manual, eighth edition, published by the national safety counci…

Sec. 4. "Bicycle" means a device propelled by human power upon which a person may ride, having either 2 or 3 wheels in a tandem or tricycle arrangement, all of which are over 14 inches in diameter.

Sec. 40. "Person" means every natural person, firm, copartnership, association, or corporation and their legal successors.

Sec. 401. (1) This section must not be construed to limit the right of a person to bring a civil action for damages for injuries to either person or property resulting from a violation of this act by the owner or operator of a motor vehicle or the owner or operator's agent or ser…

Sec. 401a. As used in this chapter, "owner" does not include a person engaged in the business of leasing motor vehicles who is the lessor of a motor vehicle pursuant to a lease providing for the use of the motor vehicle by the lessee for a period that is greater than 30 days.

Sec. 402. (a) In any action, in any court in this state when it is shown by competent evidence, that a vehicle traveling in a certain direction, overtook and struck the rear end of another vehicle proceeding in the same direction, or lawfully standing upon any highway within this…

Sec. 403. (a) Service of summons in any action against a person, who at the time of such service is a nonresident of this state, growing out of any accident or collision in which such person may have been involved while operating a motor vehicle upon a public highway of this stat…

Sec. 403a. As used in section 403, the term "nonresident" shall include any person who was, at the time of the accident or event, a resident of the state of Michigan but who removed from the state before the commencement of the action or proceeding.

Sec. 404. In any tort action for the recovery of damages to person or property resulting from the operation of 1 or more motor vehicles, where the action is brought in the county where the cause of action arose, process from any court of record may be served anywhere within the s…

Sec. 40a. "Pickup camper" means a nonself-propelled recreational vehicle, without wheels for road use, that is designed to rest all of its weight upon, and be attached to, a motor vehicle, and is primarily intended for use as temporary living quarters in connection with recreatio…

Sec. 40b. (1) "Personal information" means information that identifies an individual, including the individual's photograph or image, name, address (but not the zip code), driver license number, Social Security number, telephone number, digitized signature, and medical and disabi…

Sec. 40c. "Platoon" means a group of individual motor vehicles that are traveling in a unified manner at electronically coordinated speeds.

Sec. 40c. "Personal vehicle" means that term as defined in section 2 of the limousine, taxicab, and transportation network company act.

Sec. 41. "Pole-trailer" means every vehicle without motive power designed to be drawn by another vehicle and attached to the towing vehicle by means of a reach, or pole, or by being boomed or otherwise secured to the towing vehicle, and ordinarily used for transporting long or ir…

Sec. 41a. "Police book" means a hardcover, bound volume or a record in a form prescribed by the secretary of state that provides a bought and sold record for each vehicle handled by a dealer, contains the information required by section 251, and includes any other information req…

Sec. 42. "Police officer" means any of the following: (a) A sheriff or sheriff's deputy. (b) A village or township marshal. (c) An officer of the police department of any city, village, or township. (d) An officer of the department of state police. (e) A peace officer or law enfo…

Sec. 43. "Police station" means every county jail; every police station in any city, village, or township; and the headquarters and every regular subpost of the Michigan state police.

Sec. 43a. "Preliminary chemical breath analysis" means the on-site taking of a preliminary breath test from the breath of a person for the purpose of detecting the presence of any of the following within the person's body: (a) Alcoholic liquor. (b) A controlled substance, as that…

Sec. 43b. "Preliminary oral fluid analysis" means the on-site taking of a preliminary oral fluid test, performed by a certified drug recognition expert, as that term is defined in section 625t, from the oral fluid of a person for the purpose of detecting the presence of a control…

Sec. 43c. "Power-driven mobility device" means a mobility device powered by a battery, fuel, or other engine and used by an individual with a mobility disability for the purpose of locomotion. Notwithstanding any other provision of this act, the requirements of this act apply to …

Sec. 44. (1) "Private driveway" means any piece of privately owned and maintained property which is used for vehicular traffic, but is not open or normally used by the public. (2) "Private road" means a privately owned and maintained road, allowing access to more than 1 residence…

Sec. 44a. "Probate court disposition" means the entry of an order of disposition for a juvenile found to be within the court's jurisdiction under chapter XIIA of 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A.1 to 712A.32.

Sec. 45. "Proof of financial responsibility" means proof of ability to respond in damages for liability, on account of accidents occurring subsequent to the effective date of the proof, arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or use of a motor vehicle, in the amount of $20,000…

Sec. 45a. "Prosecuting attorney", except as the context otherwise requires, means the attorney general, the prosecuting attorney of a county, or the attorney representing a local unit of government.