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1 chapters · 279 sections in this title.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 13 Legislature; time of convening, sine die adjournment, measures carried over.
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Sec. 13. The legislature shall meet at the seat of government on the second Wednesday in January of each year at twelve o'clock noon. Each regular session shall adjourn without day, on a day determined by concurrent resolution, at twelve o'clock noon. Any business, bill or joint …
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 14 Quorum; powers of less than quorum.
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Sec. 14. A majority of the members elected to and serving in each house shall constitute a quorum to do business. A smaller number in each house may adjourn from day to day, and may compel the attendance of absent members in the manner and with penalties as each house may prescri…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 15 Legislative council.
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Sec. 15. There shall be a bi-partisan legislative council consisting of legislators appointed in the manner prescribed by law. The legislature shall appropriate funds for the council's operations and provide for its staff which shall maintain bill drafting, research and other ser…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 16 Legislature; officers, rules of procedure, expulsion of members.
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Sec. 16. Each house, except as otherwise provided in this constitution, shall choose its own officers and determine the rules of its proceedings, but shall not adopt any rule that will prevent a majority of the members elected thereto and serving therein from discharging a commit…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 17 Committees; record of votes, public inspection, notice of hearings.
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Sec. 17. Each house of the legislature may establish the committees necessary for the efficient conduct of its business and the legislature may create joint committees. On all actions on bills and resolutions in each committee, names and votes of members shall be recorded. Such v…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 18 Journal of proceedings; record of votes, dissents.
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Sec. 18. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and publish the same unless the public security otherwise requires. The record of the vote and name of the members of either house voting on any question shall be entered in the journal at the request of one-fifth of th…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 19 Record of votes on elections and advice and consent.
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Sec. 19. All elections in either house or in joint convention and all votes on appointments submitted to the senate for advice and consent shall be published by vote and name in the journal.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 2 Senators, number, term.
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Sec. 2. The senate shall consist of 38 members to be elected from single member districts at the same election as the governor for four-year terms concurrent with the term of office of the governor.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 20 Open meetings.
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Sec. 20. The doors of each house shall be open unless the public security otherwise requires.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 21 Adjournments, limitations.
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Sec. 21. Neither house shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than two intervening calendar days, nor to any place other than where the legislature may then be in session.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 22 Bills.
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Sec. 22. All legislation shall be by bill and may originate in either house.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 23 Style of laws.
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Sec. 23. The style of the laws shall be: The People of the State of Michigan enact.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 24 Laws; object, title, amendments changing purpose.
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Sec. 24. No law shall embrace more than one object, which shall be expressed in its title. No bill shall be altered or amended on its passage through either house so as to change its original purpose as determined by its total content and not alone by its title.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 25 Revision and amendment of laws; title references, publication of entire sections.
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Sec. 25. No law shall be revised, altered or amended by reference to its title only. The section or sections of the act altered or amended shall be re-enacted and published at length.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 26 Bills; printing, possession, reading, vote on passage.
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Sec. 26. No bill shall be passed or become a law at any regular session of the legislature until it has been printed or reproduced and in the possession of each house for at least five days. Every bill shall be read three times in each house before the final passage thereof. No b…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 27 Laws, effective date.
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Sec. 27. No act shall take effect until the expiration of 90 days from the end of the session at which it was passed, but the legislature may give immediate effect to acts by a two-thirds vote of the members elected to and serving in each house.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 28 Bills, subjects at special session.
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Sec. 28. When the legislature is convened on extraordinary occasions in special session no bill shall be passed on any subjects other than those expressly stated in the governor's proclamation or submitted by special message.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 29 Local or special acts.
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Sec. 29. The legislature shall pass no local or special act in any case where a general act can be made applicable, and whether a general act can be made applicable shall be a judicial question. No local or special act shall take effect until approved by two-thirds of the members…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 3 Representatives, number, term; contiguity of districts.
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Sec. 3. The house of representatives shall consist of 110 members elected for two-year terms from single member districts apportioned on a basis of population as provided in this article.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 30 Appropriations; local or private purposes.
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Sec. 30. The assent of two-thirds of the members elected to and serving in each house of the legislature shall be required for the appropriation of public money or property for local or private purposes.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 31 General appropriation bills; priority, statement of estimated revenue.
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Sec. 31. The general appropriation bills for the succeeding fiscal period covering items set forth in the budget shall be passed or rejected in either house of the legislature before that house passes any appropriation bill for items not in the budget except bills supplementing a…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 32 Laws imposing taxes.
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Sec. 32. Every law which imposes, continues or revives a tax shall distinctly state the tax.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 33 Bills passed; approval by governor or veto, reconsideration by legislature.
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Sec. 33. Every bill passed by the legislature shall be presented to the governor before it becomes law, and the governor shall have 14 days measured in hours and minutes from the time of presentation in which to consider it. If he approves, he shall within that time sign and file…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 34 Bills, referendum.
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Sec. 34. Any bill passed by the legislature and approved by the governor, except a bill appropriating money, may provide that it will not become law unless approved by a majority of the electors voting thereon.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 35 Publication and distribution of laws and judicial decisions.
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Sec. 35. All laws enacted at any session of the legislature shall be published in book form within 60 days after final adjournment of the session, and shall be distributed in the manner provided by law. The prompt publication of judicial decisions shall be provided by law. All la…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 36 General revision of laws; compilation of laws.
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Sec. 36. No general revision of the laws shall be made. The legislature may provide for a compilation of the laws in force, arranged without alteration, under appropriate heads and titles.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 37 Administrative rules, suspension by legislative committee.
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Sec. 37. The legislature may by concurrent resolution empower a joint committee of the legislature, acting between sessions, to suspend any rule or regulation promulgated by an administrative agency subsequent to the adjournment of the last preceding regular legislative session. …
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 38 Vacancies in office.
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Sec. 38. The legislature may provide by law the cases in which any office shall be vacant and the manner of filling vacancies where no provision is made in this constitution.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 39 Continuity of government in emergencies.
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Sec. 39. In order to insure continuity of state and local governmental operations in periods of emergency only, resulting from disasters occurring in this state caused by enemy attack on the United States, the legislature may provide by law for prompt and temporary succession to …
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 40 Alcoholic beverages; age requirement; liquor control commission; excise tax; local option.
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Sec. 40. A person shall not sell or give any alcoholic beverage to any person who has not reached the age of 21 years. A person who has not reached the age of 21 years shall not possess any alcoholic beverage for the purpose of personal consumption. An alcoholic beverage is any b…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 41 Lotteries.
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Sec. 41. The legislature may authorize lotteries and permit the sale of lottery tickets in the manner provided by law. No law enacted after January 1, 2004, that authorizes any form of gambling shall be effective, nor after January 1, 2004, shall any new state lottery games utili…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 42 Ports and port districts; incorporation, internal.
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Sec. 42. The legislature may provide for the incorporation of ports and port districts, and confer power and authority upon them to engage in work of internal improvements in connection therewith.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 43 Bank and trust company laws.
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Sec. 43. No general law providing for the incorporation of trust companies or corporations for banking purposes, or regulating the business thereof, shall be enacted, amended or repealed except by a vote of two-thirds of the members elected to and serving in each house.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 44 Trial by jury in civil cases.
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Sec. 44. The legislature may authorize a trial by a jury of less than 12 jurors in civil cases.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 45 Indeterminate sentences.
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Sec. 45. The legislature may provide for indeterminate sentences as punishment for crime and for the detention and release of persons imprisoned or detained under such sentences.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 46 Death penalty.
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Sec. 46. No law shall be enacted providing for the penalty of death.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 47 Chaplains in state institutions.
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Sec. 47. The legislature may authorize the employment of chaplains in state institutions of detention or confinement.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 48 Disputes concerning public employees.
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Sec. 48. The legislature may enact laws providing for the resolution of disputes concerning public employees, except those in the state classified civil service.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 49 Hours and conditions of employment.
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Sec. 49. The legislature may enact laws relative to the hours and conditions of employment.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 50 Atomic and new forms of energy.
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Sec. 50. The legislature may provide safety measures and regulate the use of atomic energy and forms of energy developed in the future, having in view the general welfare of the people of this state.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 51 Public health and general welfare.
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Sec. 51. The public health and general welfare of the people of the state are hereby declared to be matters of primary public concern. The legislature shall pass suitable laws for the protection and promotion of the public health.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 52 Natural resources; conservation, pollution, impairment, destruction.
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Sec. 52. The conservation and development of the natural resources of the state are hereby declared to be of paramount public concern in the interest of the health, safety and general welfare of the people. The legislature shall provide for the protection of the air, water and ot…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 53 Auditor general; appointment, qualifications, term, removal, post audits.
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Sec. 53. The legislature by a majority vote of the members elected to and serving in each house, shall appoint an auditor general, who shall be a certified public accountant licensed to practice in this state, to serve for a term of eight years. He shall be ineligible for appoint…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 54 Limitations on terms of office of state legislators.
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Sec. 54. (1) A person may not be elected to the office of state representative or state senator for terms or partial terms that combined total more than 12 years. However, this limitation does not prohibit a person elected to the office of state senator in 2022 from being elected…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 6 Independent citizens redistricting commission for state legislative and congressional districts.
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Sec. 6. (1) An independent citizens redistricting commission for state legislative and congressional districts (hereinafter, the "commission") is hereby established as a permanent commission in the legislative branch. The commission shall consist of 13 commissioners. The commissi…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 7 Legislators; qualifications, removal from district.
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Sec. 7. Each senator and representative must be a citizen of the United States, at least 21 years of age, and an elector of the district he represents. The removal of his domicile from the district shall be deemed a vacation of the office. No person who has been convicted of subv…
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 8 Ineligibility of government officers and employees.
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Sec. 8. No person holding any office, employment or position under the United States or this state or a political subdivision thereof, except notaries public and members of the armed forces reserve, may be a member of either house of the legislature.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IV § 9 Civil appointments, ineligibility of legislators.
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Sec. 9. No person elected to the legislature shall receive any civil appointment within this state from the governor, except notaries public, from the legislature, or from any other state authority, during the term for which he is elected.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IX § 1 Taxes for state expenses.
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Sec. 1. The legislature shall impose taxes sufficient with other resources to pay the expenses of state government.
Mich. Comp. Laws § Article IX § 10 Sales tax; distribution to local governments.
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Sec. 10. Fifteen percent of all taxes imposed on retailers on taxable sales at retail of tangible personal property at a rate of not more than 4% shall be used exclusively for assistance to townships, cities and villages, on a population basis as provided by law. In determining p…