Title 27, Title 27

All civil actions must be commenced within the periods prescribed in part 2 except when another statute specifically provides a different limitation.

(1) Except as provided in subsections (3) through (5), the period prescribed for the commencement of an action upon a judgment or decree of any court of record of the United States or of any state within the United States is within 10 years. (2) The period prescribed for the comm…

(1) The period prescribed for the commencement of an action on any contract, covenant, obligation, or liability founded on an instrument in writing is within 6 years. (2) The period prescribed for the commencement of an action on a contract, account, or promise not founded on an …

The period prescribed for the commencement of an action for relief on the ground of fraud or mistake is within 2 years, the cause of action in such case not to be deemed to have accrued until the discovery by the aggrieved party of the facts constituting the fraud or mistake.

(Temporary) Tort actions -- general and personal injury. (1) Except as provided in 27-2-216, the period prescribed for the commencement of an action upon a liability not founded upon an instrument in writing is within 3 years. (2) The period prescribed for the commencement of an …

(Temporary) Actions for medical malpractice. (1) Action in tort or contract for injury or death against a physician or surgeon, physician assistant, dentist, dental hygienist, registered nurse, advanced practice registered nurse, nursing home or hospital administrator, dispensing…

An action against an attorney licensed to practice law in Montana or a paralegal assistant or a legal intern employed by an attorney based upon the person's alleged professional negligent act or for error or omission in the person's practice must be commenced within 3 years after…

Within 2 years is the period prescribed for the commencement of an action for: (1) injury to or waste or trespass on real or personal property; (2) taking, detaining, or injuring any goods or chattels, including actions for the specific recovery of personal property; (3) killing …

(1) Except as provided in 70-19-427(1) and subsections (2) and (3) of this section, an action to recover damages (other than an action on any contract, obligation, or liability founded on an instrument in writing) resulting from or arising out of the design, planning, supervision…

(1) The period prescribed for the commencement of an action against a sheriff, coroner, or constable upon a liability incurred by the doing of an act in that person's official capacity and in virtue of that person's office or by the omission of an official duty, including the non…

(1) Within 1 year is the period prescribed for the commencement of an action against an officer or officer de facto: (a) to recover any goods, wares, merchandise, or other property seized by the officer in the officer's official capacity as tax collector; (b) to recover the price…

(1) Within 2 years is the period prescribed for the commencement of an action upon: (a) a statute for a penalty or forfeiture when the action is given to an individual or to an individual and the state, except when the statute imposing it prescribes a different limitation; (b) a …

Within 6 months is the period prescribed for the commencement of: (1) any action for the restoration to office by any person wrongfully or illegally removed or excluded from office; (2) any suit for the recovery of salary or other emoluments of office by any person having been wr…

(1) Except as provided in subsection (2), there are no time limitations on the commencement of actions to recover money or other property deposited with any bank, banker, trust company, or savings and loan corporation, association, or society. (2) Any action to obtain, set aside,…

The period prescribed for the commencement of an action for mesne profits of real property is within 10 years.

(1) Except as provided in subsection (4), an action based on intentional conduct brought by a person for recovery of damages for injury suffered as a result of childhood sexual abuse against the individual who committed the acts must be commenced: (a) before the victim of the act…

(1) Except as provided in subsection (2), an action for damages or other relief arising from an appraisal or appraisal review conducted by a real estate appraiser, real estate appraisal firm, or appraisal management company may not be commenced more than 5 years after the day the…

(Effective October 1, 2026) Tort actions -- gender transition treatment for minors. (1) An action brought by a person for damages for injuries suffered from gender transition treatment the person received as a minor must be commenced by the date the person reaches 25 years of age…

An action for relief not otherwise provided for must be commenced within 5 years after the cause of action accrues.

Where a right exists but a demand is necessary to entitle a person to maintain an action, the time within which the action must be commenced must be computed from the time when the demand is made, except where the right grows out of the receipt or detention of money or property b…

In an action brought to recover a balance due upon a mutual, open, and current account where there have been reciprocal demands between the parties, the cause of action is deemed to have accrued from the time of the last item proved in the account on either side.

When waste, trespass, or injury is committed by reason of underground work upon any mining claim or seismic exploration, location, spacing, drilling, equipping, producing, or other operation related to exploration or production of oil, gas, water, geothermal resources, or other m…

The time within which an action must be commenced by an executor or administrator to recover personal property taken after the death of a testator or intestate and before the issuing of letters of administration or to recover damages for taking, detaining, or injuring personal pr…

(1) If a person entitled to bring an action mentioned in part 2, except 27-2-211(3), is, at the time the cause of action accrues, either a minor or has been committed pursuant to 53-21-127, the time of the disability is not a part of the time limit for commencing the action. Howe…

When the cause of action accrues against a person who is out of the state and cannot be served with process, the action may be commenced within the term limited under this part after the person's return to the state. If, after the cause of action accrues, the person departs from …

When a person is an alien subject or a citizen of a country at war with the United States, the time of the continuance of the war is not part of the period limited for the commencement of the action.

If a person entitled to bring an action dies before the expiration of the time limited for the commencement of the action and the cause of action survives, an action may be commenced by the deceased's representatives after the expiration of that time and within 1 year from death.

When the persons who might be adverse parties in an action have entered into a written agreement to submit to arbitration or to refer the cause of action or a controversy in which it might be available or have entered into a written submission of the cause or controversy to arbit…

When the commencement of an action is stayed by injunction or other order of the court or judge or statutory prohibition, the time of the continuance of the injunction or prohibition is not part of the time limited for the commencement of the action.

If an action is commenced within the time limited for the action and a judgment is reversed on appeal without awarding a new trial or the action is terminated in any other manner than by a voluntary discontinuance, a dismissal of the complaint for neglect to prosecute the action,…

(1) A defendant is entitled to assert against a plaintiff, by pleading or amendment, any counterclaim arising out of the transaction or occurrence that is the subject matter of the plaintiff's claim against the defendant. (2) The time period between the commencement and terminati…

(1) An acknowledgment or the part payment of a debt is sufficient evidence to cause the relevant statute of limitations to begin running anew. (2) An acknowledgment must be contained in some writing signed by the party to be charged thereby. (3) Part payment is any payment of pri…

This part may be cited as the "Uniform Conflict of Laws -- Limitations Act".

As used in this part, unless the context requires otherwise, the following definitions apply: (1) "Claim" means a right of action that may be asserted in a civil action or proceeding and includes a right of action created by statute. (2) "State" means a state, commonwealth, terri…

(1) Except as provided by 27-2-505, if a claim is substantively based: (a) upon the law of one other state, the limitation period of that state applies; or (b) upon the law of more than one state, the limitation period of one of those states chosen by this part applies. (2) The l…

If the statute of limitations of another state applies to the assertion of a claim in Montana, the other state's relevant statutes and other rules of law governing tolling and accrual apply in computing the limitation period but its statutes and other rules of law governing confl…

If a court determines that the limitation period of another state applicable under 27-2-503 and 27-2-504 is substantially different from the limitation period of Montana and has not afforded a fair opportunity to sue upon, or imposes an unfair burden in defending against, the cla…

This part applies to claims: (1) accruing after October 1, 1991; or (2) asserted in a civil action or proceeding more than 1 year after October 1, 1991, but do not revive a claim barred before October 1, 1991.

This part must be applied and construed to effectuate the general purpose of making uniform the law with respect to the subject of this part among states enacting it.